ObjectiveTo observe the effect of transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) and physical therapy on shoulder pain after stroke. Methods60 patients of shoulder pain after stroke were randomly divided into treatment group (30 cases) and control group(30 cases). The patients in the treatment group were treated with TENS and physical therapy. The cases in the control group were treated with TENS only. All patients were evaluated with visual analogous score of pain (VAS) and Fugl-Meyer measure (FM) before and after treatment. ResultsThe scores of VAS and FM improved more significantly in treatment group than in control group(P<0.01).ConclusionTranscutaneous electric nerve stimulation combined with physical therapy showed more effective on shoulder pain after stroke.

Objective To explore the clinical value of measurement of cerebral blood flow volume by color Doppler flow imaging in patients with cerebral infarction.Methods One hundred and thirty six patients with cerebral infarction in Central Hospital of Zhumadian City from February 2015 to February 2017 were selected as CI group,and 40 non-CI patients in the corresponding time period were chosen as control group.The end diastolic flow velocity,systolic peak systolic velocity,resistance index,and mean flow velocity of the vertebral artery and internal carotid arteries of all the patients were detected by color Doppler flow imaging,and anterior and posterior circulation and total cerebral blood flow were calculated.At the same time,through the color Doppler flow imaging results of the CI group,the patients were divided into anterior circulation blood-supply infarction (anterior circulation group,101 cases) and posterior circulation blood-supply infarction(posterior circulation group,35 cases) according to the blood-supply scope.The patients in the anterior circulation group were divided into cortical branches group (32 cases),perforating branche group (55 cases) and watershed group (14 cases) according to the feeding artery,while the patients in the posterior circulation group were divided into distal infarction group (15 cases),mid-range infarction group (12 cases) and proximal infarction group (8 cases).The cerebral blood flow volume were compared among the groups.Results The end diastolic flow velocity of vertebral artery in the CI group was significantly lower than that in the control group,and the resistance index was significantly higher than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).The carotid intravascular diameter and the end diastolic flow velocity in the CI group was significantly lower than those in the control group,and the resistance index was significantly higher than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the vertebral artery diameter,the peak velocity of internal carotid artery and vertebral artery between the CI group and the control group(P ＞0.05).The right vertebral artery blood flow,the left and right internal carotid artery blood flow,cerebral blood flow of the anterior circulation and the total cerebral blood flow in the CI group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and cerebral blood flow of the posterior circulation was significantly higher than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).The cerebral blood flow of the anterior circulation in the anterior circulation group was lower than that in the posterior circulation group(P ＜0.05),while the cerebral blood flow of the posterior circulation was significantly higher than that in the posterior circulation group(P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the total cerebral blood flow between the anterior circulation group and the posterior circulation group(P ＞ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the cerebral blood flow of anterior circulation and posterior circulation,the total cerebral blood flow among the cortical branches group,the perforating branche group and the watershed group(P ＞ 0.05).Also there was no significant difference in the cerebral blood flow of anterior circulation and posterior circulation,the total cerebral blood flow among the distal infarction group,the mid-range infarction group and the proximal infarction group(P ＞0.05).Conclusion The hemodynamics indexes and cerebral blood flow of vertebral artery and internal carotid are well analyzed and evaluated by color Doppler flow imaging,and the color Doppler has a certain clinical values on the diagnosis for CI.

This study was aimed to explore the effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) on proliferation and activity of natural killer (NK) and NK-T cells. MSC was co-cultured with peripheral mononuclear cells from healthy donors in presence of IL-2, phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and mouse anti-human CD3 McAb (culture condition known to expand NK cells). The ratio of NK cells and NK-T cells was measured by flow cytometry and the effect of MSC on killing activity of NK cells against K562 cells was detected by MTT method after co-cultured with different densities of MSC. The results showed that MSC inhibited the production of NK cells in a dose-dependent manner generally. At the densities of 0, 1 × 10(5) and 5 × 10(5)/ml, the ratios of NK cells in the co-culture conditions were (16.9 ± 4.6), (14.0 ± 8.6) and (6.4 ± 4.6), respectively (P < 0.05). However, MSC could promote the formation of NK cells at lower MSC density (1 × 10(4)/ml), the ratio of NK cells reached to (20.9 ± 7.1), which was higher than that of culture condition without MSC (P < 0.05). The different densities of MSC in the co-culture conditions had no much influence on the ratio of NK-T cells (P > 0.05). MTT assay showed that the killing activity of suspended cells in co-culture system against K562 cells was parallel with the ratio of NK cells. Different densities of MSC regulated bidirectionally killing activity of NK to K562 cells by regulating bidirectionally ratio of NK cells. It is concluded that the MSC can promote the formation of NK cells and enhance its activity against tumor cells in the lower doses, while suppress the formation of NK cells and attenuate its tumor-killing effect in higher dose condition.
Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Proliferation ; Coculture Techniques ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Killer Cells, Natural ; cytology ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Natural Killer T-Cells ; cytology

The applicator therapy is a unique method to treat infant diarrhea in traditional Chinese medicines and widely applied in clinical practice. Currently, many researchers have proved the rationality of the therapy based on the traditional Chinese medicine mechanism and on the data from clinical practice, but its action mechanism is uncertain at present. In this study, with the assistance of pediatric practitioners, the automated ribosomal intergenic-spacer analysis (ARISA) was adopted to study the effect of the adjuvant therapy with Dingguier umbilical paste on intestinal flora of diarrhea infants, in which Dingguier umbilical paste served as the adjuvant therapy in oral traditional Chinese medicines and fecal samples of infants with different diarrhea symptoms were collected and used as the study materials. The results showed that the adjuvant therapy had a significant effect on the shift of intestinal flora, which was associated with the decrease in the similarity difference to the normal control group and the increase in the number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) shared with the normal control group. Additionally, adjuvant therapy with Dingguier umbilical paste also showed long action duration and increased OTUs number. These results indicated that Dingguier umbilical paste has the effect in restoring the micro-ecosystem of unbalanced intestinal bacteria. Intestinal flora may be one of major targets for the applicator therapy for the infant diarrhea, but not for the single oral traditional Chinese medicine for infant diarrhea.
Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic ; therapeutic use ; Diarrhea ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Feces ; microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Intestines ; drug effects ; microbiology ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Ointments ; Treatment Outcome ; Umbilicus

OBJECTIVETo quantitatively analyze the effect of modified Biejiajian Pill (BJJP) on the pathological change and degree of albumin induced immune hepatic fibrosis in rats.

METHODSRats were immunized by multiple subcutaneous injections of human serum albumin (8 g/L) , and were medicated in groups respectively after antibody producing, BJJP high-dose (13 g/kg) group, medium-dose (6.5 g/kg) group, low-dose (3.25 g/kg) group, the model group, colchicines (1.0 mg/kg) group, and Ganpikang (22.23 mg/kg) group. Then, caudal vein injection of albumin was given 40 min after medication to induce liver fibrosis. Animals were sacrificed finally to observe the pathological change, and the distribution and content of collagen and plastin were determined quantitatively with HE and Masson stain.

RESULTSBJJP high-, medium-, and low-dose groups could obviously improve the pathological change of the hepatic fibrosis rats (decreasing rate of the total score was 62.50%, 40.75%, and 8.33%, respectively), and the content of collagen reduced markedly (P<0.05, P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONBJJP can effectively prevent and reduce the pathological change of albumin induced immune hepatic fibrosis in rats.

Albumins ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Collagen ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Liver Cirrhosis ; chemically induced ; immunology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; metabolism ; Microfilament Proteins ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spleen ; drug effects ; immunology

Objective To explore the clinical significance of renal artery ultrasound hemodynamic index and advanced oxidation protein product(AOPP)in evaluating the renal function level in preeclampsia pregnant women. Methods Seventy two cases of preeclampsia pregnant women in the Central Hospital of Zhumadian City were divided into mild group(39 cases)and se-vere group(33 cases)according to the pathogenetic condition,and 35 healthy pregnant women who were hospitalized and deliv-ered in the same period were selected as the control group. Ratio of systolic to diastolic(S/ D),pulsation index(PI),resistance index(RI)of renal artery were detected by color Doppler ultrasound in all patients. The levels of plasma AOPP and serum creati-nine(Cr),uric acid(UA),cystatin C(Cys C),blood urea nitrogen(BUN)were detected. The results among the three groups were analyzed. Results The S/ D,PI,RI of renal artery,the levels of plasma AOPP and serum Cr,Cys C,BUN in the severe group were significantly higher than those in the mild group and the control group(P <0. 05). The S/ D,PI,RI of renal artery,the levels of plasma AOPP and serum Cys C in the mild group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P < 0. 05). There was no significant difference in the level of serum Cr and BUN between the mild group and the control group(P >0. 05). There was no significant difference in the serum UA level among the three groups(P >0. 05). The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that the S/ D,PI,RI of renal artery and AOPP were positively correlated with the level of Cys C(r =0. 557,0. 621,0. 597, 0. 608;P <0. 05),but they was not correlated with the level of serum Cr,UA and BUN(r =0. 133,0. 159,0. 215;P >0. 05). The S/ D,PI,RI of renal artery were positively correlated with the level of plasma AOPP(r = 0. 582,0. 639,0. 633;P < 0. 05). Con-clusion Detection of renal artery hemodynamic parameters and AOPP level can help to predict renal function in preeclampsia pregnant women.

BACKGROUNDLenalidomide has emerged as an important treatment for patients with multiple myeloma (MM). However, its role in the management of MM is still controversial and requires further clarification. The aim of this study was to evaluate efficacy and safety of lenalidomide for MM using a meta-analysis.

METHODSWe searched the electronic databases including: PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Center Register of Controlled Trials. Seven randomized clinical trials were identified, which included a total of 2357 patients with MM who received lenalidomide-containing, noncontaining lenalidomide regimens or placebo as induction therapy or maintenance therapy. The outcomes included overall response (OR) rate, complete response (CR) rate, 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate, 3-year overall survival (OS) rate, and different types of treatment-related adverse events. We calculated the risk ratios (RRs) as well as their 95% confidence intervals of these outcomes and pooled the results using RevMan 5.2 software.

RESULTSFor patients with previously untreated MM, OR rate and CR rate was significantly higher in lenalidomide-containing group than the control group. For relapsed or refractory MM patients, lenalidomide-containing regimens significantly improved the OR rate, CR rate, 3-year PFS rate and 3-year OS rate. With regard to MM patients after autologous stem cell transplantation, lenalidomide maintenance therapy significantly improved 3-year PFS rate but did not result in improved 3-year OS rate. In terms of toxicities, lenalidomide therapy has a higher rate of Grade 3-4 grade cytopenias, infection, deep-vein thrombosis, and diarrhea. Furthermore, the incidence of second primary malignancies was significantly higher in the lenalidomide group.

CONCLUSIONSThe lenalidomide-containing regimens as induction therapy clearly increased response rates and improved intervals of survival with acceptable toxicity rates for patients with MM. However, when physicians choose to use the lenalidomide as maintenance therapy, whether the benefits outweigh the risks should be taken into account.

Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Multiple Myeloma ; drug therapy ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Thalidomide ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To evaluate the protective effect of Yersinia pestis capsular antigen F1 and recombinant rV270 on mice after immunization with them.Methods According to body weight,40 female Balb/c mice aged 6 to 8 weeks were randomly divided into four experimental groups(Fl-10 μg + aluminum adjuvant,F1-20 μg + aluminum adjuvant,rV-10 μg + aluminum adjuvant,and rV-20 μg + aluminum adjuvant) and a control group,8 in each group.Mice in experimental groups were immunized with the natural antigen F1 and recombinant antigen rV270 adsorbed to 25％ aluminum adjuvant and the control group was immunized with the same amount of aluminum adjuvant.Each mouse was immunized at the hind leg muscle with 100 ml immunizing agent,then a booster immunization was done once on the 21st day after the first immunization.The blood of all mice was collected on the 8th week after the first immunization,serum antibody titers were detected by ELISA and the data of antibody titers were analyzed by t test for comparison between groups.At the same time the mice were injected subcutaneously with 2000-fold LD50 of Yersinia pestis virulent strain 141,after 14 days,the protective effect of immunization was analyzed.Results The control group did not produce antibody.Antibody geometric mean titers (GMT) of the F1-10 mg + aluminum adjuvant and F1-20 mg + aluminum adjuvant groups were 1 ∶ 30443.9,and 1 ∶21527.8,respectively,and compared between the two groups,the difference was not statistically significant (t =1.1282,P ＞ 0.05).The GMTs of the rV-10 μg + aluminum adjuvant and rV-20 μg + aluminum adjuvant groups were 1 ∶ 13957.3 and 1 ∶18100.9,respectively,and compared between the two groups,the difference was not statistically significant(t =0.9408,P ＞ 0.05 ).After subcutaneous injection with Yersinia pestis virulent strain 141,all mice died in the control group but all survived in the experimental group.Conclusion The immune activity of natural antigen F1 and recombinant rV270 is high,which can be used as the main component of subunit vaccine in the plague subunit vaccine study.

OBJECTIVETo observe the role of green fluorescent protein (GFP) in tracing rhesus bone marrow stromal cells (rBMSCs) during tissue-engineered bone formation in vivo.

METHODSAd5.CMV-GFP was amplified by infecting QBI-293A cells, and the bone marrow was harvested from the ilium of adult male rhesus to obtain rBMSCs, which were cultured and passaged in vitro. GFP was transfected into the third-passage rBMSCs via adenovirus vector and the labeled cells were inoculated into absorbable HA scaffold and cultured for 3 days, with untransfected rBMSCs as control, before the cell-matrix compounds were implanted into the latissimus dorsi muscles of rhesus. Samples were harvested at 6 week and embedded in paraform, and ground sections of the bone tissue were prepared to observe green fluorescence under laser scanning confocal microscope. Propidium iodide staining of the sections was also performed for observation.

RESULTSThe rBMSCs grew well after GFP transfection, and green fluorescence could be seen 24 h after the transfection and became stronger till 48 h, with a positive transfection rate beyond 80%. Six weeks after cell implantation, the rBMSCs labeled by GFP-emitted green fluorescence were detected in the bone tissue under laser scanning confocal microscope.

CONCLUSIONGFP can effectively trace BMSCs during bone tissue engineering, and the transplanted BMSCs constitute the main source of bone-forming cells in bone tissue engineering.

Animals ; Bone Substitutes ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in bladder transitional cell carcinoma tissues, and understand its clinical significance.

METHODSReversal transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to assess the expression of COX-2 mRNA in 52 cases of bladder transitional cell carcinoma tissues and 17 cases of normal bladder tissues far from neoplasm; Western blot was used to assess the expression of COX-2 protein in 49 cases of bladder cancerous tissues and 17 cases of normal tissues.

RESULTSPositive expression of COX-2 mRNA was detected in 83% (43/52) of bladder cancer tissues and in 29% (5/17) of normal tissues by RT-PCR and there was significant difference in expression of COX-2 mRNA between cancer tissues and normal tissues. Western blot analysis showed that expression of COX-2 protein was correlation with the stage and grade of cancer.

CONCLUSIONCOX-2 is overexpressed in bladder transitional cell carcinoma. COX-2 maybe play a certain role in carcinogenesis and progression of bladder cancer and turn into a useful target of chemoprevention of bladder cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Blotting, Western ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; enzymology ; pathology ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Urinary Bladder ; enzymology ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; enzymology ; pathology