Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Leukemia ; diagnosis ; immunology ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; immunology ; Prognosis ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Internationality ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

OBJECTIVE: To understand the assessment on the criminal responsibility of drug-induced mental disorders and judicial experts' opinions. METHODS: The judicial experts from institutes of forensic psychiatry in Shanghai were selected. They were asked to finish a self-made questionnaire of assessment on the criminal responsibility of drug-induced mental disorders by letters and visits. RESULTS: Most of experts knew the special regulation, "not suitable for evaluation" towards the criminal responsibility of drug-induced mental disorders of the guideline promulgated by Ministry of Justice. Before and after the guideline was issued, no expert made a no-responsibility opinion in such cases. After the guideline was issued, some experts made a full-responsibility or limited-responsibility opinion in such cases. There was a little disagreement among the experts in the case that the crime was unrelated with mental symptoms or the criminals used drugs even though he knew it could induced insanity. But there were still many obvious disagreements among experts in the case that crime was related to such symptoms and person was no ability to debate. Most experts agreed to settle the disagreements with improved legislative perfection. CONCLUSION Most experts are not strictly complying with the assessment guidelines during their practice, and there is still an obvious disagreement towards the criminal responsibility of drug-induced mental disorders.
China ; Crime/psychology* ; Criminals/psychology* ; Data Collection ; Expert Testimony ; Forensic Psychiatry ; Humans ; Liability, Legal ; Male ; Mental Competency ; Mental Disorders/psychology* ; Psychotic Disorders ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective: To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on cognitive function in D-galactose (D-gal)-induced aging rats, and the correlation between the effect and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)-ASC-Caspase-1 signaling pathway. Methods: Forty-six male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a control group (n=10), a model group (n=12), an EA-7 d group (n=12) and an EA-21 d group (n=12). Except the control group, the other three groups received 42 consecutive days of intraperitoneal injection of D-gal to establish aging rat models with cognitive dysfunction. The control group received the same amount of normal saline via intraperitoneal injection. Two EA groups were given EA therapy for 21 consecutive days (began from the 22nd day of modeling) or 7 consecutive days (began from the 36th day of modeling) accordingly at Dazhui (GV 14), Baihui (GV 20), Shenshu (BL 23) and Zusanli (ST 36). After modeling/ intervention, all four groups received behavioral evaluations by Morris water maze (MWM) test, novel object recognition (NOR) test and step-down passive avoidance (SDPA) test followed by the Western blot (WB) detection of the expression levels of hippocampal NLRP3 inflammasome-associated proteins NLRP3, ASC and Caspase-1. Results: MWM (place navigation test, PNT) results showed that the escape latency in the model group was significantly longer than that in the other three groups (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference among the other three groups on the 1st day of the test (P>0.05). From the 2nd day to the 4th day of the test, there was no significant difference between the EA-21 d group and the control group (P>0.05) in the escape latency; the escape latency was significantly shorter in the EA-21 d group than in the model group and the EA-7 d group (P<0.05). MWM (spatial probe test, SPT) results showed that the time spent in the target quadrant was significantly shorter and platform crossover number was significantly lower in the model group than in the other three groups (P<0.05). The time spent in the target quadrant was longer in the EA-7 d group than in the model group (P<0.05), but was shorter than that in the control group and the EA-21 d group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the swimming speed among the four groups (P>0.05). NOR results showed that there was no significant difference in the recognition ratio between the EA-7 d group and the EA-21 d group (P>0.05), and the recognition ratio was significantly higher in the two EA groups than in the model group (P<0.05), but was lower than in the control group (P<0.05). SDPA results showed that the electric shock number was higher in the model group than in the other three groups (P<0.05), and the differences among the other three groups were statistically insignificant (P>0.05). The model group had the shortest step-down latency, followed by the EA-7 d group, the EA-21 d group and the control group in order (P<0.05). The WB results indicated that the expression level of NLRP3 was significantly lower in the control group and the EA-21 d group than in the model group and the EA-7 d group (P<0.05). The expression levels of ASC and Caspase-1 were significantly higher in the model group than in the other three groups (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference among these three groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: NLRP3 inflammasome may be involved in the development of cognitive decline in aging rats; 7 consecutive days of EA intervention can partially improve the cognitive impairment in aging rats though the effect is rather limited; 21 consecutive days of EA intervention may improve the learning and memory abilities in aging rats via downregulating the expression levels of NLRP3 inflammasome-associated proteins in hippocampus.

Objective:To investigate frequencies of microsatellite instability(MSI)and loss of heterozygosity(LOH)in renal ceil carcinoma(RCC),and to discuss the relationship of clinicopathological characteristics of RCC with MSI and LOH. Methods:Twelve microsatellite markers located at chromosomes 3p,9p and 14q were selected to investigate microsatellite alterations(MSI and LOH)in 31 RCC specimens and their paired metastasis specimens by polymerase chain reaction- polyacrylamide gel elect rophoresis-ethylene dibromide(PCR-PAGE-EB)staining and sequencing.Results:The frequency of MSI could reached 61.3% and that of LOH could reach 54.8%.The highest frequency of MSI was at locus of D9S168(32.3%);the highest frequency of LOH was at locus of D3S1289(21.4%).No correlation was found between MSI or LOH and the patients' age,sex,pathology type and metastastis,except that MSI was correlated with TNM stage of RCC(P

Objective To investigate the expressions and significances of GATA-3 and Th2 cytokines in asthmatic mice.Methods Sixteen BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group and asthmatic group.The pathological changes in trachial and pulmonary tissue were observed with HE staining method.The GATA-3 mRNA expression in pulmonary tissue was messured with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).And the IL-5,IL-13 proteins in pulmonary tissue were detected with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results HE staining showed infiltration of a great deal of inflammatory cells around the bronchial wall in asthmatic group,while there was no obvious infiltration in control group;Compared with control group,the expressions of GATA-3 mRNA and IL-5,IL-13 protein in pulmonary tissue increased significantly(Pa

Based on the structure and function of acupoint and in association of the definition and principle of sensor, the acupoint is the sensitive element, being sensitive to the physical stimulation with acupuncture and moxibustion and sensitively responded to the disorders; the acupoint is the sensing element, transforming the changes of the acupoint information via the complicated internet conduction, integration and regulation, so as to generate the effects on organic body; the acupoint is the conversion element, transforming every irritation into the bioelectric signal or optical signal so that the organic body could recognize it. Therefore, the acupoint is regarded as the sensor of information in the organic body.
Acupuncture Points ; Electrophysiological Phenomena ; Humans ; Meridians

Objective To evaluate the role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in sevoflurane postconditioning-induced reduction of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice.Methods Forty pathogen-free healthy male C57 mice,aged 8 weeks,weighing 20-30 g,were assigned into 4 groups (n=10 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group Sham),myocardial I/R group (group I/R),sevoflurane postconditioning group (group SPC) and HIF-1α inhibitor 2Me2 group (group 2Me2).Myocardial I/R was induced by occlusion of the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery for 30 min followed by 120 min of reperfusion in pentobarbital sodium-anesthetized mice.In group SPC,3％ sevofiurane was inhaled for 15 min starting from the onset of reperfusion.In group 2Me2,30％ 2Me2 (30 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected at 30 min before ischemia.The mice were sacrificed at the end of reperfusion,and the hearts were removed for determination of the myocardial infarct size (using the Image J software) and expression of HIF-1α in thc nucleus of cardiomyocytes (by Western blot).Results Compared with group Sham,the myocardial infarct size was significantly increased in I/R,SPC and 2Me2 groups,the expression of HIF-1α was significantly up-regulated in I/R and SPC groups,and the expression of HIF-1α was significantly down-regulated in group 2Me2 (P＜ 0.05).Compared with group I/R,the myocardial infarct size was significantly decreased,and the expression of HIF-1α was up-regulated in group SPC,and the myocardial infarct size was significantly increased,and the expression of HIF-1α was down-regulated in group 2Me2 (P＜0.05).Compared with group SPC,the myocardial infarct size was significantly increased,and the expression of HIF-1α was down-regulated in group 2Me2 (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which sevoflurane postconditioning reduces myocardial I/R injury is related to up-regulation of HIF-1α expression in mice.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of medicated bath plus acupoint massage on limbs (B-M treatment) in treating diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).

METHODSEighty-two patients were divided into two groups, the control group (n=40) and the treated group (n=42), they were treated by conventional treatment but with B-M treatment applied to the latter additionally, the course to both groups was 12 weeks. The curative effects obtained were compared after treatment.

RESULTSThe total effective rate was higher in the treated group than that in the control group (81.0% vs. 52.5%, P < 0.05); the nerval transmission speed was improved significantly (P < 0.05) after treatment in both group, but that in the treated group was better than in the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONB-M treatment on limbs has better effect than Western medicine along in promoting DPN restoration.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Aged ; Baths ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Extremities ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Massage ; methods ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

The stems and branches of Hypericum petiolulatum were extracted by alcohol and liquid-liquid extraction. Seven furofuran lignans were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of ethanol extract of H. petiolulatum by using silica gelchromatography, Sephadex LH-20 chromatography, medium-pressure liquid chromatography and preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by the spectroscopic methods as pinoresinol (1), medioresinol (2), 8-acetoxypinoresinol (3), epipinoresinol (4), (+)-syringaresinol (5), (+)-1-hydroxysyringaresinol (6) and erythro-buddlenolE (7). All the isolates were firstly found in H. petiolulatum. In the bioassay, compound 7 showed remarkable antioxidative activity inhibiting Fe(+2)-cystine induced rat liver microsomal lipid peroxidation with inhibitory rate 38% at a concentration of 1 x 10(-6) mol · L(-1) (positive control Vit E with the inhibitory rate of 35% at the same concentration).
Animals ; Antioxidants ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Hypericum ; chemistry ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Microsomes, Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Molecular Structure ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Rats