· AIM: To investigate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal injection of plasmin, hyaluronidase, or the combination of the two in inducing posterior vitreous detachment (PVD).· METHODS: 15 mini-type pigs were assigned to three groups (Group A, B and C), 5 in each group. One eye of each pig was intravitreally injected with the studying agent,and the fellow eye was used as control. Group A received a vitreous injection of hyaluronidase 50U (0.1mL); group B received plasmin 0.5U (0.1mL); group C received plasmin 0.5U (0.05mL) combined with hyaluronidase 50U (0.05mL). The fellow eyes in each group were injected with 0.1mL balanced salt solution (BSS). All the pigs were examined with slit-lamp biomicroscope, direct and indirect ophthalmoscope, B-scan and electroretinograph (ERG). After 7 days, the animals were killed and the eyes were enucleated and examined with light microscope, transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope.· RESULTS: B-scan examination showed that one eye of Group A and two eyes of Group B had partial PVD at 1st day after injection and one eye of Group C at 1 hour after injection. On the 7th day, B-scan, light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that all the eyes of Group A and Group B had partial PVD, while none of the control eyes had PVD. Rank sum test for scanning electron microscopy results of all the groups showed P ＜0.005.Furthermore, the comparisons between every two groups were made. The results of analyses were as follows: P＞0.05 between the drug injected eyes of Group A and Group B, P＜0.05 between Group B and Group C, Group A and Group C.The b-wave and a-wave amplitudes of ERG showed no significant difference either between preinjection and postinjection in all groups or between the drug injected eyes and the control eyes in each group. Light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy revealed no damage to the retinal structure.· CONCLUSION: Intravitreal injection of hyaluronidase 50U or plasmin 0.5U or their combination can produce PVD effectively and quickly without retinal functional or structural toxicity. The combination of the two proteases was proved to be synergetic.

Objective To study the clinical effect of SCOFIX on thoracolumbar fracture.Methods The clinical data of twenty-five cases with thoracolumbar fracture treated with SCOFIX system were retrospectively anal- ysed.Results With six to twenty-two months follow-up,anterior height of compressed vertebral bodies was restored from 46.8 %(12%～60%)preoperatively to 92%(90%～100%)postoperatively,and that of posterior height was from 77.5%(26%～86%)to 96.7%(90%～100%).Cobb's angle was from 15.7?(12?～26?)preoperatively to 1.4?(0?～6?)postoperatively.Conclusion SCOFIX system was simple structured,easily used and strongly fixed, and it was a good system in spinal internal fixation and for deeply reseach.

0.05).By univariate analysis,the diameter of common bile duct less than 10 mm and sphincter of Oddis dysfunction(SOD) and mutiple cannulation of the pancreatic duct were all statistically different(P

This research uses six Agrobacterium rhizogenes R1601, R15384, R1000, A4, R1025 and R1 to infect silymarin explants to induce hairy roots and silibin. All of the six A. rhizogenes can induce Silybum marianum to generate hairy roots and the A. rhizogene A4 shows comparatively high infection on the plant. This research determines the condition to induce silymarin hairy roots by the factors of infection time, pre-culturing, co-culturing and pH value. The fact that MS liquid medium fits the proliferation of silymarin hairy roots is determined. Through PCR molecular identification, it can be seen that the DNA plasmids in the A. rhizogenes are successfully integrated into the genome of transformed roots. Using liquid chromatography, it is determined that the silibin content in silymarin hairy roots is 2.5 times that in the plant In this research, the silymarin hairy roots culturing system is established, which lays a foundation for the study of culturing silymarin hairy roots and producing silibin.
Agrobacterium ; genetics ; physiology ; Cell Culture Techniques ; methods ; Milk Thistle ; chemistry ; genetics ; growth & development ; microbiology ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; genetics ; growth & development ; microbiology ; Silymarin ; analysis ; Transformation, Genetic

Hearing Loss, Sudden ; therapy ; Humans ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; adverse effects ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Subcutaneous Emphysema ; etiology

Objective To improve the knowledge,diagnostic level on concealed penis in children,and explore the operative treatment methods of concealed penis.Methods Ten children with concealed penis were reviewed retrospectively in the First Hospital of Jilin University from Jun.2005 to Jul.2007.Patients were 6-12 years old.Penis length was 1.2-2.6 cm.Patients growthing and micturition were normal,the results of androgne and estrogen examination were normal.The etiology was simple obesity in one case,fiber streak of penis sarcolemma in 9 cases.The clinical symptoms and signs,diagnosis and operative method were analyzed.Results The diagnosis of 10 children were correct,and all patients were treated by Devine's operation and 10 cases patients had healed in one stage.There was no vessel,nerve and urethra injury during the operation.The length of penis was 3.0-5.5 cm,average in 3.6 cm after operation.Followed up 3 months to 2 years,10 children's phimosis were removed,the micturition were normal;the appearance of penis was also satisfactory after operation.One patient with under-developed penis had a amelioration after treatment with HCG postoperatively.The penis contour was dissatisfactory in 1 obesity patient,but it was ameliorated gradually while growing up.Conclusions The correct diagnosis and differential diagnosis are very important for operative treatment depend on the different etiology and pathologic changes of concealed penis.Suitable operation can extend the length;moreover,ameliorate the symptom of micturition and the appearance of the penis.

Objective To investigate the osteoclast′s function levels in infants and toddlers and the relationship between the osteoclast function and sex,age,body length,body weight and body mass index(BMI).Methods Sixty-eight children(37 boys and 31 girls,aged from 1 to 36 months) were studied.All of the children were in good health.These children were divided as infants group and toddlers group according to their age.Just before the samples were collected,the children′s body weight,body length were measured and the BMI were calculated.Two biochemical markers,such as serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b(TRAP5b) and urine deoxypyridinoline(DPD) were measured.Results The difference of serum TRAP5b concentration between infants and toddlers was significant at the level of P

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anesthesia, Intravenous ; Anesthetics, Intravenous ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Female ; Fentanyl ; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sufentanil

Altitude ; Animals ; Astrocytes ; cytology ; Brain ; cytology ; Hypoxia ; Male ; Microglia ; cytology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Foreign Bodies ; Glottis ; Humans