Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is one of the main pathways to degrade heme in mammals, and the main degradation products are free iron (Fe2+), carbon monoxide (CO), and bilirubin. Heme plays an important role in promoting cell survival, circulation of intracellular substrates, and immune regulation. Previous studies suggest that HO-1 pathway is an important internal factor in determining the susceptibility and severity of acute kidney injury (AKI). The induction of HO-1 expression can attenuate the severity of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), and the inhibition of HO-1 expression will aggravate IRI. The present article summarizes the latest advances in research abroad and at home on protective mechanism by which HO-1 prevents AKI to further deepen our understanding of the role of HO-1 in the treatment of AKI.

OBJECTIVETo explore operative complications of photoselective vaporization of prostate (120 W) for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

METHODSThe clinical data of 186 cases who underwent photoselective vaporization of prostate (120 W) for the treatment of BPH from May 2010 to April 2012, was statistically analyzed.

RESULTSThe operative time ranged from 7 to 147 minutes, and the average time was (37.7 ± 21.5) minutes. No patient accepted intraoperative blood transfusion, and occurred transurethral resection syndrome or capsular perforation. The time of postoperative indwelling catheter ranged from 1 to 11 days, and average time was (4.3 ± 2.2) days. Surgical outcome was satisfactory. Early postoperative complications included bladder spasm (3 cases), transient dysuria (19 cases), urinary tractirritation (94 cases), secondary hemorrhage (26 cases), transient urge incontinence (19 cases), all cases were relieved after treatment. Long-term complications, including recurrence (1 case), bladder neck stenosis (2 cases) and urethral stricture (2 cases), who had required reoperation. Postoperative patients with international prostate symptom score (29.4 ± 3.4), maximum urinary flow rate ((6.0 ± 1.6) ml/s) and residual urine ((167 ± 150) ml) had improved (t = -76.0 - 61.4, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSWith less invasive, less bleeding and rapid postoperative recovery, photoselective vaporization of prostate (120 W) is a safe and effective minimally invasive treatment techniques for BPH. But there is still some complications after surgery and proper handling is required.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Humans ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; epidemiology ; Prostate ; surgery ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; surgery

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVEWe previously reported that C-KIT overexpression and mutation exist in biopsy samples of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Yet whether Imatinib had an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of NPC in vitro was still unknown. So, this study examined whether sensitivities to Imatinib of other cell lines are different and whether C-KIT expression and mutations exist, to analyze the correlations between them.

METHODSThe expression of C-KIT in NPC cell lines, including CNE-1, CNE-2, Hone-1, C-666, SUNE-1, 5-8F, and nasopharyngeal epithelial (NPE) cell line NP-69, were detected by Western blot. Direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products was performed to analyze the sequences of C-KIT from the above-mentioned cell lines. Inhibitory effects on proliferation by Imatinib on these cell lines were determined by CCK-8 assay. Pearson product moment correlation and t test were used to analyze the correlation betweeen C-KIT overexpression, C-KIT gene mutation, and the inhibitory effect of Imatinib.

RESULTSCompared with NPE cell line NP-69, NPC cell lines CNE-1, CNE-2, Hone-1, C-666, SUNE-1, and 5-8F had significantly higher levels of C-KIT expression. Heterozygous IVS17+78T>C were found in CNE-1, CNE-2, Hone-1, and NP-69 cell lines, homozygous IVS17+78T>C was found in C-666, and no mutation was found in SUNE-1 or 5-8F. Imatinib had a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on proliferation for CNE-1, CNE-2, Hone-1, C-666, SUNE-1, and 5-8F. No significant correlation between the inhibitory effects of Imatinib, C-KIT overexpression, or C-KIT mutation was found.

CONCLUSIONC-KIT overexpression and intron mutation were found in NPC cell lines and Imatinib had a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on proliferation for NPC cell lines, yet no significant correlation between C-KIT overexpression, C-KIT mutation, or the inhibitory effect of Imatinib was found.

Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Benzamides ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; virology ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; isolation & purification ; Heterozygote ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate ; Introns ; Mutation ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; virology ; Nasopharynx ; cytology ; Piperazines ; pharmacology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; genetics ; metabolism ; Pyrimidines ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo investigate a non-toxic AdCTLA4-Ig-based protocol for non-myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation to induce donor-specific tolerance to hind limb allografts in rats.

METHODSFully mismatched, 4 to 8 week old Brown Norway (RT1(n)) and Lewis (RT1(1)) rats were used as cell/organ donors and recipients, respectively. Recipients were treated with AdCTLA4-Ig (5 x 10(9) PFU, day -30, 0, 30), standard immunosuppressive therapy (MP: 10 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1), MMF: 20 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1), RAPA: 0.2 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1);day -33 - 100), soon after total body irradiation (3 Gy, day -30) and donor bone marrow (100 x 10(6), day -30) transplantation (BMT). Thirty days after BMT, chimeric animals received hind limb transplantations. And 100 days after hind limb transplantations, immunosuppressive therapy was changed for low-dosed CsA (8 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1), day 100-), until the allografts were rejected.

RESULTSIn Group C, hematopoietic chimerism was (38.8 +/- 10.6)% at day 0, and was stable (29.3 +/- 11.9)% at 330 days post-BMT. There was no graft versus host disease in both Group C and Group D. When the standard immunosuppressive therapy was stopped and changed for low-dosed CsA, chimeric recipients (Lewis, RT1(1)) permanently accepted (> 200 days) donor specific (Brown Norway, RT1(n)) hind limb allografts in Group C, yet rapidly rejected in Group A (8 +/- 2) d, Group B (18 +/- 3) d and in Group C (20 +/- 2) d. Lymphocytes of graft tolerant animals' demonstrated hyporesponsiveness in mixed lymphocyte cultures in a donor-specific manner in Group C. Tolerant graft histology showed no obliterative arteriopathy or chronic rejection.

CONCLUSIONThe AdCTLA4-Ig based conditioning regimen with donor BMT produce stable mixed chimerism and induce donor-specific tolerance to hind limb allografts.

Abatacept ; Adenoviridae ; Animals ; Graft Survival ; Hindlimb ; transplantation ; Immune Tolerance ; Immunoconjugates ; pharmacology ; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred BN ; Rats, Inbred Lew ; Transplantation Chimera ; immunology ; Transplantation Conditioning ; methods ; Transplantation, Homologous

Objective To investigate the diagnostic efficiency and result of prostate biopsy for patients with t -PSA between 4.0 and 10 ng/ml.Methods This analysis was based on 20 qualified research papers from such lectronic databases as PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane from January 2010 until September 2017.Data extracted was analyzed using classic Meta-analysis with R software .The random or fixed effect model analysis was used to estimate the rate.Heterogeneity was analyzed using I 2 statistic.Results Totally 5481 patients were included in the 20 research papers. The positive rate of prostate biopsy was 20.6％, with t-PSA between 4.0 and 10 ng/ml, which was higher than the rate in the data from CUA Guide(2014).The difference was statistically significant .Conclusion Patients should be subjected to prostate biopsy if their t-PSA ranges 4.0 from 10 ng/ml regardless of the rate of f/t-PSA.The Gleason grade is relatively low when PSA is in the gray area , and the risk is also low.

BACKGROUNDAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common mental disorders during childhood, characterized by the core symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention and puts great burden on children themselves, their families and the society. Osmotic release oral system methylphenidate (OROS-MPH) is a once-daily controlled-release formulation developed to overcome some of the limitations associated with immediate-release methylphenidate (IR-MPH). It has been marketed in China since 2005 but still lacks data from large-sample clinical trials on efficacy and safety profiles. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of OROS-MPH in children aged 6 to 16 years with ADHD under naturalistic clinical setting.

METHODSThis 6-week, multi-center, prospective, open-label study enrolled 1447 ADHD children to once-daily OROS-MPH (18 mg, 36 mg or 54 mg) treatment. The effectiveness measures were parent-rated Inattention and Overactivity With Aggression (IOWA) Conners I/O and O/D subscales, physician-rated CGI-I and parent-rated global efficacy assessment scale. Blood pressure, pulse rate measurement, adverse events (AEs) and concomitant medications and treatment review were conducted by the investigator and were served as safety measures.

RESULTSA total of 1447 children with ADHD (mean age (9.52 ± 2.36) years) were enrolled in this trial. Totally 96.8% children received an OROS-MPH modal dose of 18 mg, 3.1% with 36 mg and 0.1% with 54 mg at the endpoint of study. The parent IOWA Conners I/O score at the end of week 2 showed statistically significant (P < 0.001) improvement with OROS-MPH (mean: 6.95 ± 2.71) versus the score at baseline (10.45 ± 2.72). The change in the parent IOWA Conners O/D subscale, CGI-I and parent-rated global efficacy assessment scale also supported the superior efficacy for OROS-MPH treatment. Fewer than half of 1447 patients (511(35.3%)) reported AEs, and the majority of the events reported were mild (68.2%). No serious adverse events were reported during the study.

CONCLUSIONThis open-label, naturalistic study provides further evidence of effectiveness and safety of OROS-MPH in school-aged children under routine practice.

Adolescent ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ; drug therapy ; Child ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Methylphenidate ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Prospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

INTRODUCTIONPatients with metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) have variable survival outcomes. We have previously shown that an elevated peripheral blood lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) is associated with an increased metastatic risk in patients with primary NPC. The present study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of pretreatment LMR in a large cohort of metastatic NPC patients.

METHODSClinical data of 672 patients with metastatic NPC diagnosed between January 2003 and December 2009 were analyzed. The peripheral lymphocyte and monocyte counts were retrieved, and LMR was calculated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and univariate and multivariate COX proportional hazards analyses were performed to evaluate the association of LMR with overall survival (OS).

RESULTSUnivariate analysis revealed that an elevated absolute lymphocyte count (≥1.390×10(9)/L) and LMR (≥2.475) as well as a decreased monocyte count (<0.665×10(9)/L) were significantly associated with prolonged OS. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis showed that LMR (hazard ratio [HR]=0.50, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.41-0.60, P<0.001), absolute lymphocyte count (HR=0.77, 95% CI=0.64-0.93, P=0.007), and monocyte count (HR=1.98, 95% CI=1.63-2.41, P<0.001) were independent prognostic factors. By stratification analyses, only LMR remained a significant predictor of prognosis.

CONCLUSIONWe identified pretreatment LMR as an independent prognostic factor for patients with metastatic NPC. Independent validation of our findings is needed.

Carcinoma ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Count ; Lymphocytes ; Monocytes ; Multivariate Analysis ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; Prognosis ; ROC Curve