Acute Kidney Injury ; chemically induced ; enzymology ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Gentamicins ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; metabolism ; Rats

Objective:To summarize our experience in perioperative anesthetic management for fulminant hepatic failure (FHF)patients receiving liver transplantation.Methods:The clinical anesthetic data of 48 FHF patients receiving orthotopic liver transplantations(OLT)from January 2006 to January 2007 were retrospectively analyzed,and the anesthetic management expe- rience was summarized.General anesthesia was applied;the hemodynamics was monitored during the operation and doses of adrenaline and phenylephrine were adjusted according to the monitoring results.Blood samples were obtained before operation, before anheptic,30 min after anhepatic phase,5 min before neohepatic phase,and 5 min,30 min and 60 min after neohepatic phase for blood gas and electrolyte analysis and for determination of coagulation function;the drugs were subsequently adjusted according to analysis results.Results:All the 48 patient underwent successful anesthetic management and there was no death dur- ing opearation.The average blood loss during operation was(5 219?478)ml.Mild alkalosis,hypokalemia,hyponatrium,and hy- pocalcemia were present before operations,pH,BE and HCO_3~- were obviously reduced 30 min after anhepatic phase and in- creased 60 min after neohepatic phase.Kalemia was obviously increased 30 min following anhepatic phase and began to increase 60 min following neohepatic phase.Calium concentration was decreased at the end of preanhepatic phase(P

Animals ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; metabolism ; Hypothalamus ; metabolism ; Male ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To evaluate prourodynamic study and somatosensory evoked potentials(SEPs)before and after operation of children with lipomyelomeningocele(LMMC)and its clinical significance.Methods Urodynamic study(UDS)and SEPs in 31 cases of LMMC who underwent microsurgical release within 1 week preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively were conducted.The 4 parameters used for UDS evaluation were bladder volume,compliance,detrusor activity and residual urine;parameters used for SEPs evaluation were latent period and amplitude.Results There was a statistics significant difference between operation and control group;the similar result was attented in the comparison of before and after operation,also in the comprison of the improved group and the group without improvement after operation.Conclusions UDS and SEPs investigation can provide guidance for the treatment of tethered cord syndrome(TCS)and evaluate clinical prognosis.These cases with the severity changing in UDS and somatosensory shall be avoided unnecessary action in operation.

Objective To assess the quality of reporting randomized controlled trials published in Chinese journal of radiology from 2000 to 2005.Methods A manual search was performed and 22 checklists of CONSORT statements and other self-established criteria were applied.Results Six volumes and 72 issues were investigated.There were total trials of 236 in 2186 literatures,and finally 3 randomized controlled trials(RCTs)(1.27%)were identified.In the 3 RCTs,there were 3 trials with methods of randomization,1 with endpoints measurement,1 with multi-centre,but without the prior calculation of sample size,blind methods,statistically probability,participant flow,compliance and negative results.Conclusion The quality of reporting randomized controlled trials of interventional radiology has been improved,but it did not meet fully the CONSORT statement.

OBJECTIVEThe study was aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect and mechanism of astragaloside IV (ASI) on the activation of microglial cells.

METHODAfter pre-incubated with ASI for 2 h, microglial cells BV-2 were stimulated with interferon-γ (IFN-γ) for 1. 5 h and 24 h, respectively. Secretion of nitric oxide (NO) in the medium was measured by Griess method. Production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was detected by ELISA approach. Cellular gene expressions of CD11b, TNF-α, interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were examined by quantitative-PCR analysis. Total and phosphorylation of STAT1, IκB and NF-κB was analyzed by Western blot method.

RESULTASI could significantly inhibit the increased secretion of TNF-α and NO from BV-2 cells upon IFN-γ stimulation (P < 0.001). Further study showed that ASI significantly down-regulated gene expression of IL-1β and TNF-α (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) and exhibited a trend to reduce that of iNOS. IFN-γ and ASI have no obvious effect on gene expression of CD11b. Moreover, ASI inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT1, IκB and NF-κB elicited by IFN-γ stimulation.

CONCLUSIONASI could restrain microglial activation through interfering STAT1/IκB/NF-κB signaling pathway, reducing gene expres- sion of IL-1β and TNF-α, and thus inhibiting the production of proinflammatory mediators such as NO and TNF-α.

Animals ; Astragalus Plant ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; I-kappa B Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Interferon-gamma ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mice ; NF-kappa B ; genetics ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; genetics ; metabolism ; STAT1 Transcription Factor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Saponins ; pharmacology ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Triterpenes ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the non-ionizing radiation hazards from physiotherapy equipment in medical institutions and to explore feasible control measures for occupational diseases.

METHODSOn-site measurement and assessment of ultra-high-frequency radiation, high-frequency electromagnetic field, microwave radiation, and laser radiation were carried out in 16 medical institutions using the methods in the Measurement of Physical Agents in Workplace (GBZ/T189-2007).

RESULTSAll the investigated medical institutions failed to take effective protective measures against non-ionizing radiation. Of the 17 ultra-short wave therapy apparatus, 70.6%, 47.1%, and 17.64% had a safe intensity of ultra-high-frequency radiation on the head, chest, and abdomen, respectively. Of the 4 external high-frequency thermotherapy apparatus, 100%, 75%, and 75%had a safe intensity of high-frequency electromagnetic field on the head, chest, and abdomen, respectively. In addition, the intensities of microwave radiation and laser radiation produced by the 18 microwave therapy apparatus and 12 laser therapeutic apparatus met national health standards.

CONCLUSIONThere are non-ionizing radiation hazards from physiotherapy equipment in medical institutions, and effective prevention and control measures are necessary.

Electromagnetic Fields ; Humans ; Microwaves ; adverse effects ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; statistics & numerical data ; Physical Therapy Modalities ; instrumentation ; Radiation, Nonionizing ; adverse effects

This study is to determine the content of three alkaloids and establish the HPLC fingerprint of "Jianlian" Nelumbinis Plumula. The HPLC method of content determination was as follows: Thermo C18 (4. 6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm) was conducted with acetonitrile-sodium dodecyl sulfonate solution-acetic acid (56: 43: 1) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1). The monitoring wavelength was set at 282 nm and the column temperature was 35 degrees C. The method of HPLC fingerprint was as follows: Agilent ZORBAX SB-Aq C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm) was conducted with gradient elution of methanol and water at a flow rate of 0.8 mL x min(-1), the monitoring wavelength was set at 282 nm and the column temperature was 35 degrees C. Similarities evaluation and hierarchical clustering analysis were applied to demonstrate the variability of 12 batches of "Jianlian" Nelumbinis Plumula samples. The results demonstrated that 11 batches showed good similarity on chemical constituents. The method could well display the chemical information of "Jianlian" Nelumbinis Plumula. It was simple, reliable and could be used for the chemical quality control of "Jianlian" Nelumbinis Plumula.
Alkaloids ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Nelumbo ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Seeds ; chemistry

To study the protective mechanism of Danhong injection on brain microvascular endothelial cells (rBMECs) injured by hypoxic. In the experiment, primary suckling mouse's rBMECs cells were collected and identified with factor VIII to establish the 4 h injury model. Meanwhile, rBMECs were given Danhong injection (25, 50, 100 mL . L-1), and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the malonyldialdehyde (MDA) level were detected by the biochemical method. Cell MMP-9, ICAM-1 and P53 mRNA expression levels were detected by RT-PCR method. Changes in cells' microscopic structure were observed by transmission electron microscope. According to the results, primary rBMECs were notably injured by hypoxia. Compared with model group, Danhong injection (50, 100 mL . L-1) could remarkably resist the injury induced by hypoxic, increase intracellular SOD activity, decrease MDA level and significantly down-regulate ICAM-1, MMP-9 and P53 mRNA expressions. Danhong injection (100 mL . L-1) could protect the cells' normal morphology and microscopic structure, maintain the close intercellular junction, and inhibit the hypoxia-induced cell apoptosis. The results showed that Danhong injection plays a significant role in protecting rBMECs injured by hypoxia. Its mechanism may be related to the enhancement of cells' antioxidant capacity, the inhibition of inflammatory response and the cell apoptosis.
Animals ; Antioxidants ; metabolism ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Brain ; metabolism ; Cell Hypoxia ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Endothelial Cells ; ultrastructure ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Injections ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; genetics ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; genetics

To explore the effect and mechanism of Guhong injection against cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury, SD rats were randomly divided into the sham-operated group, the model group, the nimodipine group, and high, medium and low-dose Guhong injection groups, with 10 rats in each group. The middle cerebral artery embolization (MCAO) model was established to observe neurological deficit symptoms, infarct volume, SOD activity, MDA content, GSH-Px and CAT activity in rats, as well as the contents of t-PA, PAI, TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1α in serum. The results showed that Guhong injection could obviously promote the recovery of neurological deficit symptoms, narrow the brain infarct volume in rats after surgery, significantlyincrease the activities of SOD, GSH-Px and CAT and decrease the content of MDA. Meanwhile, it also could obviously increase the contents of t-PA and 6-keto-PGF1α and decrease the contents of PAI and TXB2 in serum, indicating that Guhong injection have better antioxidant and antithrombus effects, as well as a significant protective effect against cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.
Animals ; Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Brain Ischemia ; drug therapy ; Catalase ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Injections ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; drug therapy ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism