OBJECTIVETo compare therapeutic effects between suspine rotation and flexion manipulation for treating lumbar disc herniation.

METHODSFrom December 2008 to January 2011, 134 patients with lumbar disc herniation were treated, including 74 males and 60 females,ranging in age from 17 to 67 years,33 patients with age over 50 years old. According to diagnosis the ladder of the 9 cases bulging type, 74 hernia type, 51 cases free type. The patients were randomly divided into treatment group ( 69 cases) and control group (65 cases). All the patients were treated with the three-dimensional computer-controlled traction therapeutic apparatus,with continued traction for 20 minutes. After traction, flexion manipulation and rotat-ing manipulation were respectively adopted in treatment group and control group (on alternate days one time, 3 times as a course of treatment). The symptoms and signs (including back pain and discomfort, lower limb pain and numbness, powerless urination and defecation,numbness in perineum, straight-leg raising degree,ability of lower extremity walking,work and live) of patients were observed after treatment.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 0.5 to 6 months with an average of 1.1 months. After treatment, the symptoms and signs of patients have significantly improved (P < 0.01), but the symptomes of powerless urination and defecation,numbness in perineum was not improved obviously (P>0.05). Forty-two of 69 patients in treatment group got excellent result, moderate in 20, poor in 7; Twenty of 65 patients in control group got excellent result, moderate in 25,poor in 20.

CONCLUSIONThe whole effect of lumbar backwards rotation manipulation is more satisfactory than flexsion manipulation for treating lumbar intervertebral disc herniation. But spinning force and times should be noticed.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; physiopathology ; Male ; Manipulation, Orthopedic ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Recovery of Function ; Rotation ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDDifficult airway remains not only a challenge to the anesthesiologists, but also a life-threatening event to the patients. Awake intubation is the principal choice to deal with difficult airway, and a key point for awake intubation is airway topical anesthesia. Yet, so far there is no ideal topical anesthesia approach for awake intubation. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of pressure-driven (by 10 L/min oxygen flow) lidocaine spray on airway topical anesthesia in order to find a powerful and convenient method for airway topical anesthesia for conscious sedation intubation.

METHODSThirty adult patients referred for elective surgery under general anesthesia, aged 18 - C60 years and Mallampati class I or II, were recruited for the study. Before topical anesthesia, the observer's assessment of alert and sedation (OAA/S) scale was controlled between 3 and 4 by intravenous midazolam (0.03 mg/kg), propofol (2 mg×kg(-1)×h(-1)) and remifentanil (0.05 µg×kg(-1)×min(-1)). Ten minutes after sedation, topical anesthesia was performed with the pressure-driven lidocaine spray; the driving pressure was achieved by an oxygen flow of 10 L/min. After topical anesthesia, tracheal intubation was performed and the intubation condition was assessed with modified the Erhan's intubation condition score by an experienced anesthesiologist, and a score of less than 10 was considered to be satisfactory. Attempts to intubate the patient were recorded, and the complications such as local anesthetic toxicity, mucosa injury, and respiration depression were also recorded. The mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) were recorded at different time points before and after intubation. Patients were asked 24 hours after the operation whether they could recall the events during intubation.

RESULTSAll patients were intubated at the first attempt, the average intubation condition score was 7.0 ± 1.1, from 6 to 10, satisfied intubation condition. MAP and HR increased significantly but mildly immediately after the tracheal intubation (P < 0.05), and decreased to the pre-intubation level soon after intubation. There were no related complications and patients had no recall of the intubation procedures.

CONCLUSIONSTopical anesthesia with pressure driven 2% lidocaine spray, where pressure is achieved by 10 L/min oxygen flow, can offer satisfactory intubation conditions for conscious sedation intubation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anesthesia, Local ; methods ; Conscious Sedation ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; methods ; Lidocaine ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of mechanical ventilation on pulmonary function during short duration of general anesthesia with tracheal intubation, and assess the safety of controlled spontaneous respiration during general anesthesia.

METHODSFifty-three adult patients (aged 18-55 years, ASA physical status I-II) scheduled for elective unilateral tympanoplasty were randomly assigned into mechanical ventilation group (group M, n=28) and spontaneous respiration group (group S, n=25). Anesthesia induction was performed in group M with intravenous propofol (2 mg/kg), fentanyl (3 microg

RESULTSA total of 43 patients (group M, n=23; group S, n=20) were included in the study with 10 dropouts due to failed attempt to obtain arterial blood samples (8 patients) or severe bucking during intubation (2 patients). No significant differences were found in HR and MAP between the two groups (P>0.05). The pH and SpO(2) [ (97.9-/+1.00)% at the lowest] and PaO(2) in group S were significantly lower and the PaCO(2) was higher than those in group M (P<0.05). In group S, the pH values were 7.274-/+0.025 and 7.331-/+0.039, PaCO(2) values were 60-/+6 and 53-/+5 mmHg, and PETCO(2) values were 53-/+ 6 and 48-/+7 mmHg, and the PaO(2) values were 143-/+37 and 165-/+49 mmHg immediately and 150 min after the intubation, respectively. These values were considered safe under the concept of permissive hypercapnia. No significant differences were found in the P(A-a)DO(2), RI, VD/VT and TFC between or within the two groups (P>0.05), nor were moving, bucking, swallowing and awareness recorded during the surgical procedures.

CONCLUSIONIn essentially normal lungs, short-term mechanical ventilation during general anesthesia with tracheal intubation does not damage the lung functions, and spontaneous respiration can offer sufficient oxygen supply without causing harmful carbon dioxide retention.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anesthesia, General ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Lung ; physiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Respiration ; Respiration, Artificial ; methods ; Tympanoplasty ; methods ; Young Adult

Lignan is an important phytoestrogen with weakly estrogenic and anti-estrogenic properties, and possesses diverse bioactivities, including antioxidation, antitumor and antivirus etc. In particular, it may prevent hormone-dependent diseases, such as breast cancer, prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia. However, many important scientific problems have not been constrained, whether do the metabolites of lignans from foods have their potential genic toxicity? What are the anticancer mechanisms of lignans? What is the dosage of lignans to achieve the desired biological effect? In this paper, the references on lignans have systematically been reviewed in the following aspects: classification, distribution, metabolism, pharmacological activities and analytical methods, and a prospective of future studies on lignans is also elucidated.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; isolation & purification ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Lignans ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Phytoestrogens ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; therapeutic use ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; prevention & control

OBJECTIVETo investigate the histologic effect of botulinum toxin type A (Botox A) injection on myocutaneous flap expansion in minipigs model.

METHODSSeven minipigs were included in this study. Two symmetric tattoo area, 10 cm x 6 cm in size, were selected on the bilateral flank of the pigs. The Botox A was injected into one tattoo area randomly, 4 U every point, 2 cm apart, with a total dose of 96 U. The same dose of sterile normal saline (0.9%) was injected in the same fashion on the opposite side as control. 3 days after injection , two 200 ml expanders were inserted beneath the cutaneous muscle at the tattoo area. After complete expansion of 200 ml, the specimens were drawn from both groups symmetrically and were stained by means of HE and Masson. The histologic changes of myocutaneous flap were compared. Thickness of each layer in myocutaneous flap was measured in histological section.

RESULTSThe thickness of cutaneous muscle, capsule, dermis were (275.74 +/- 28.93) microm, (468.03 +/- 34.28) microm, (1990.79 +/- 102.10) microm in Botox group, and (409.13 +/- 44.63) microm, (626.55 +/- 44.05) microm, (2508.44 +/- 70.71) microm in saline group, respectively, show a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.01). The Masson stained slice showed that collagen average gray of capsule in Botox group was 185.38 +/- 9.56, which was significantly higher than that in the saline group (120.77 +/- 10.31, P < 0.01). Light microscope (HE stained sections ) showed that muscle in Botox group was significantly atrophy and cross-section of muscle fiber decreased. The muscle fiber in saline group was generally normal. It was observed through transmission electron microscope that the light and dark band of muscle cell became fuzzy and the Z line bending in Botox group. The light and dark band in saline group arranged neatly, the Z line was clear.

CONCLUSIONSApplication of Botox A in myocutaneous flap expansion can make the muscle atrophy and reduce the content of collagen in capsule layer, making the myocutaneous flap thinner which is suitable for reconstruction in face and neck.

Animals ; Botulinum Toxins, Type A ; pharmacology ; Female ; Male ; Surgical Flaps ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature ; Tissue Expansion

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical and pathological features of Denys-Drash syndrome (DDS).

METHODThree DDS cases who were treated in our department from December 2009 to June 2011 were subjected to this study by reviewing of literature.

RESULTBoth case 1 and case 2 were female, with karyotype 46, XX. Case 3 was male with bilateral cryptorchidism. The ages of nephropathy onset of the three cases were 1 year and 9 months, 2 years and 8 moths, and 3 months respectively. Proteinuria in case 2 and case 3 were evidenced to be resistant to steroid. Case 1 was partially responsive to tacrolimus, plasma albumin and cholesterol were improved, although proteinuria was persistent after Tacrolimus was administered. Remission was achieved in case 2 after administration of cyclosporine A and later tacrolimus, and her renal function remains normal till present (4 years and 9 months). Residue renal histology revealed diffused mesangial sclerosis (DMS) in all three patients. All of the three patients had developed right unilateral Wilms tumor. A novel WT1 missense mutation exon 9 c.1213C > G was detected in case 1. WT1 exon 9 c.1168C > T nonsense mutation and exon 8 c.1130A > T missense mutation were detected in case 2 and case 3, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe clinical manifestation of nephropathy in DDS is variable. The majority present with early onset nephropathy and reach renal failure before the age of 4 years. But in a few patients, nephropathy can also be present much later and progress slowly. Proteinuria in DDS is resistant to steroid but is responsive to calcineurin inhibitors, including Cyclosporine A. The effectiveness of tacrolimus was also observed in this study. DDS is evidently caused by WT1 mutation. DMS is the characteristic renal pathological change in DDS.

Cyclosporine ; therapeutic use ; Denys-Drash Syndrome ; drug therapy ; genetics ; pathology ; Fatal Outcome ; Female ; Genes, Wilms Tumor ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mutation ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; drug therapy ; genetics ; pathology ; Proteinuria ; drug therapy ; Sclerosis ; drug therapy ; genetics ; pathology ; Tacrolimus ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; WT1 Proteins ; genetics ; Wilms Tumor ; drug therapy ; genetics ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effectiveness of open reduction and internal fixation and repair of palmar ligment in treating trans-scaphoid perilunate dislocation.

METHODSFrom June 1995 to June 2001,14 patients with trans-scaphoid perilunate dislocation were treated with open reduction and internal fixation and repair of palmar ligment. Among them,there were 13 males and 1 female,the ranging in age from 21 to 38 years,averaged 25.4 years. All patients were posterior dislocation and all operations were performed within 2 weeks after injury.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 24 to 60 months with an average of 28.3 months. Thirteen scaphoid fractures were primary healed and functions of wrist joint were good. Bone disunion was found in 1 case and part functions of wrist joint were limited. No found necrosis of lunate and scaphoid. According to clinical scoring system of Cooney, 9 case got excellent results, 3 good, 1 fair and 1 poor.

CONCLUSIONOpen reduction and internal fixation and repair of palmar ligament is effective in treating trans-scaphoid perilunate dislocation,which can early provide steady fixation for scaphoid,and profit to recover blood supply of lunatum and subterminal scaphoid.

Adult ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Lunate Bone ; injuries ; physiopathology ; Male ; Recovery of Function ; Scaphoid Bone ; injuries ; physiopathology ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo compare the therapeutic effects and safety of monopolar and bipolar radiofrequency (RF) ablation used during cardiac surgery to treat atrial fibrillation.

METHODSWe retrospectively studied a total of 81 patients with chronic atrial fibrillation who underwent open cardiac surgery with concomitant RF ablation between January 2007 and March 2011. Fifty-eight patients received bipolar RF ablation and 23 received monopolar RF ablation, respectively. The sinus rhythm restoration rate, the procedural duration, the frequency of severe perioperative complications, and mortality were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThe sinus rhythm restoration rate did not differ significantly between the two groups after follow-up of 15.1 ± 12.6 months (P=0.199). The frequencies of severe perioperative complications and mortality were also similar in the two groups. The total procedural time using bipolar RF ablation was significantly shorter than that using monopolar ablation (19.7 ± 4.6 minutes vs. 28.1 ± 8.5 minutes, P< 0.001).

CONCLUSIONSBoth monopolar and bipolar RF ablation are safe and effective in treating chronic atrial fibrillation patients during open cardiac surgery, but bipolar RF ablation is more convenient in practice.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Atrial Fibrillation ; pathology ; surgery ; Cardiac Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Catheter Ablation ; methods ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Heart Function Tests ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDUterine arterial embolization (UAE) is a safe and effective therapy for symptomatic uterine leiomyoma. This study was to assess the effectiveness and the feasibility of pingyangmycin-lipiodol emulsion (PLE) for the management of symptomatic uterine leiomyoma.

METHODSOne hundred consecutive patients (aged 21 - 53 years, with 38 in average) with symptomatic uterine leiomyoma underwent superselective UAE with PLE. Clinical symptoms of the patients (including menorrhagia, bulk-related symptoms, and postprocedure-related abdominal pain) and the changes in uterine volume and tumor size after the embolization were analyzed. The patients were followed up for 8 - 21 months (mean, 15 months).

RESULTSNinety-nine patients (99%, 99/100) were interviewed in their first menses circle after embolization, showing improvements in their abnormal bleeding and bulk-related symptoms to some extent. Imagiological results during follow-up showed a mean of 48% reduction in uterine volume at 6 months and a mean of 75% reduction in tumor size at 9 months. Eighty-three percent of the patients reported complete resolution of postprocedure pain within 7 days.

CONCLUSIONSPLE is effective in the management of uterine leiomyoma, having superiority in alleviating postprocedure-related pain.

Adult ; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic ; administration & dosage ; Bleomycin ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; Contrast Media ; administration & dosage ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Emulsions ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Iodized Oil ; administration & dosage ; Leiomyoma ; therapy ; Middle Aged ; Uterine Neoplasms ; therapy ; Uterus ; blood supply

OBJECTIVETo investigate the change in dendritic cells (DCs) in children with chronic immune thrombocytopenia (cITP) and the effect of glucocorticoid on DCs in children with cITP.

METHODSFifteen children with cITP and 20 healthy controls were included in the study. Flow cytometry was used to measure the DC subsets count in the 15 children with cITP before and after glucocorticoid treatment as well as the corresponding values in the 20 healthy controls. The DCs derived from peripheral blood monocytes in children with cITP were cultured in vitro and collected, and their immunophenotypes were determined by flow cytometry.

RESULTSBefore glucocorticoid treatment, the children with cITP showed no notable change in the absolute count of myeloid DCs (mDCs) but showed decreased absolute count of plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) and increased mDC/pDC ratio compared with the healthy controls (P<0.05). After glucocorticoid treatment, the children with cITP demonstrated increased absolute count of pDCs and decreased absolute count of mDCs and mDC/pDC ratio compared with before treatment (P<0.05). Before glucocorticoid treatment, the children with cITP had significantly higher positive rates of HLA-DR, CD80, CD83 and CD86 on peripheral blood DCs than the healthy controls (P<0.01). All the positive rates were significantly decreased after glucocorticoid treatment (P<0.01), so that there was no significant difference from the healthy controls (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSDisproportion and functional disturbance of DC subsets is associated with the pathogenesis of cITP in children. Glucocorticoid can strengthen the immunosuppression of DCs in children with cITP, which may contribute to the effectiveness of glucocorticoid as a treatment.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chronic Disease ; Dendritic Cells ; drug effects ; immunology ; Female ; Glucocorticoids ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Male ; Thrombocytopenia ; drug therapy ; immunology