Aged, 80 and over ; Aorta, Abdominal ; pathology ; Embolism, Cholesterol ; therapy ; Female ; Humans

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to observe the effect of early goal directed therapy (EGDT) on tissue perfusion, microcirculation and tissue oxygenation in patients with septic shock. METHODS: Patients with early septic shock (<24 hours) who had been admitted to the ICU of Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University from September 2009 through May 2011 were enrolled (research time: 12 months), and they didn't meet the criteria of EGDT. Patients who had one of the following were excluded: stroke, brain injury, other types of shock, severe heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, age below 18 years, pregnancy, end-stage disease, cardiac arrest, extensive burns, oral bleeding, difficulty in opening the mouth, and the onset of septic shock beyond 24 hours. Patients treated with the standard protocol of EGDT were included. Transcutaneous pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide (PtcO2, PtcCO2) were monitored and hemodynamic measurements were obtained. Side-stream dark field (SDF) imaging device was applied to obtain sublingual microcirculation. Hemodynamics, tissue oxygen, and sublingual microcirculation were compared before and after EGDT. If the variable meets the normal distribution, Student's t test was applied. Otherwise, Wilcoxon's rank-sum test was used. Correlation between variables was analyzed with Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient method. RESULTS: Twenty patients were involved, but one patient wasn't analyzed because he didn't meet the EGDT criteria. PtcO2 and PtcCO2 were monitored in 19 patients, of whom sublingual microcirculation was obtained. After EGDT, PtcO2 increased from 62.7±24.0 mmHg to 78.0±30.9 mmHg (P<0.05) and tissue oxygenation index (PtcO2/FiO2) was 110.7±60.4 mmHg before EGDT and 141.6±78.2 mmHg after EGDT (P<0.05). The difference between PtcCO2 and PCO2 decreased significantly after EGDT (P<0.05). The density of perfused small vessels (PPV) and microcirculatory flow index of small vessels (MFI) tended to increase, but there were no significant differences between them (P>0.05). PtcO2, PtcO2/FiO2, and PtcCO2 were not linearly related to central venous saturation, lactate, oxygen delivery, and oxygen consumption (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Peripheral perfusion was improved after EGDT in patients with septic shock, and it was not exactly reflected by the index of systemic perfusion.

OBJECTIVETo determine the parameters of pharmacokinetics in rabbits, and to provide a scientific basis for clinical application of Yinhuang compound microenema.

METHODHPLC was used to determine the concentrations of chlorogenic acid and baicalin in the plasma samples of rabbits, then analyze these data by the pharmacokinetics program 3P97 to determine the parameters of pharmacokinetics and the compartmental model of both ingredients in Yinhuang compound microenema.

RESULTBaicalin showed two compartment model in rabbits and the main parameters of pharmacokinetics were as follows: t(1/2)alpha of 0.311 h, t(1/2)beta of 1.640 h, AUC of 1.531 x 10(-2) g x h x L(-1), tmax of 0.287 h, Vd of 2.182 L. Chlorogenic acid showed two compartment model in rabbits and the main parameters of pharmacokinetics were as follows: t(1/2)alpha of 0.324 h, t(1/2)beta of 1.206 h, AUC of 2.135 x 10(-2) g x h x L(-1), tmax of 0.317 h,Vd of 2.251 L.

CONCLUSIONThe main components in Yinhuang compound microenema baicalin and chlorogenic acid are absorbed quickly and absolutely after rectal administration, which have good characters of pharmacokinetics.

Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Bupleurum ; chemistry ; Chlorogenic Acid ; blood ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Enema ; Female ; Flavonoids ; blood ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; Male ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rabbits

Liquid chip technology have been licensed to be used in clinic because of its advantage of high-throughput, high-sensitivity, good signal to noise ratio, reaction in liquid phase, convenient operation and short time consuming, etc. The optimization of a liquid chip system for the detection of serum biomarkers of colorectal tumour and initial application in the detection of CEA were studied. The optimized reaction conditions of liquid chip were determined through orthogonal design after it was prepared. The results showed that the consuming reaction time of the coated antibody and the antigen was 1hour. The microspheres, biotinylated detecion antibody and the consuming complexes and avidin-PE time of the microspheres and the biotinylated tested antibody was 1hour, 1hour and 15minutes respectively.the consuming time of the complexes and avidin-PE was fifteen minutes, The optimized dilution of the biotinylated tested detection antibody was 1∶300 and the optimized concentration of avidin-PE was 12?g/ml. Totally 55 clinical samples were detected by the liquid chip and by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) simultaneously and the results of the two methods were compared. The results of the two methods showed good correlation between positive and negative samples but the detection limits and the dynamic ranges of the liquid chip method were more sensitive and wider than those of the ELISA. The multiple tumour biomarkers may be detected simultaneously and the time of clinical test and manpower requirements were reduced by the liquid chip method.

Background Corneal parameters (such as curvature,thickness,etc) are essential to the diagnosis of corneal related diseases,contact lenses fitting and corneal refractive surgery.Objective The aim of this study was to assess the repeatability and accuracy of corneal parameters obtained by RTVue Fourier-domain optical coherence topography (FD-OCT).Methods In this prospective study,77 eyes of 43 subjects with the refraction from-1.25 D to-10.00 D and astigmatism ＜2 D were enrolled in keratorefractive surgery center,Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College.The anterior and posterior corneal curvature in 3 mm central zone (Ranterior and Rposterior),the ratio of posterior and anterior curvature (Rposterior/Ranterior),corneal central thickness (CCT),total corneal power(Knet),the simulated corneal power (Sim K),the anterior and posterior corneal power (Kanterior,Kposterior)were measured by FD-OCT.Corneal power (Km) was obtained by Topolyzer topography based on Placido ring.Three consecutive scans were acquired in every tested eye.Repeatability of FD-OCT measurement was assessed using the coefficient of variation CV),Cronbach Alpha and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC).Repeated measure ANOVA was used to analyze the differences among SimK,Knet and Km.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analysis the correlation between SimK and K Knet and Km,SimK and Km.The agreement between Sim K and K Knet and Km,SimK and Km was assessed by Bland-Altman plots analysis.All the subjects understood the purpose of this investigation and written informed consent was obtained prior to the medical examination.Results The Ranterior,Rposterior,Rposterior/Ranterior,Kanterior,Kposterior,Sim K,Knet and CCT were (7.691 ±0.302) mm,(6.532±0.276) mm,0.849±0.014,(48.97±1.92)D,(-6.13±0.26)D,(43.95±1.72) D,(42.95±1.68) D and (545.20± 35.04) μm,respectively.The CV of all parameters was less than 1％.The Cronbach Alpha and ICC were both more than 0.9 except 0.802(ICC)of the Rposterior/Ranterior.SimK was (0.27±0.34) D higher than Km,and Knet was (0.73±0.37) D lower than Km.SimK was (1.01 ±0.11) D higher than K and all the differences showed a statistical significance (P＜0.001).There were close positive correlations between SimK and Km,Knet and Km,SimK and Knet(all r ≥ 0.976,P＜0.001).The Bland-Altman analysis showed a poor agreement between SimK and Km,Knet and Km,SimK and Knet.Conclusions The RTVue FD-OCT measuring corneal curvature and CCT performes good repeatability.The Sim K obtained by RTVue FD-OCT is slightly greater than that obtained by corneal topography,and the Rposterior/Ranterior obtained by RTVue FD-OCT is slightly lower than that from Gullstrand model eye.These results offer a basis for establishing a more accurate standardized model eye.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of CKJ Recipe (consisting of Cordyceps sinensis polysaccharide, amygdaloside, and gypenosides) containing serum on the activation of rat primary hepatic stellate cells (rHSCs) and to explore its pharmacological mechanism.

METHODSrHSCs were isolated form liver and cultured for four days. Then they were divided into the normal control group, the model group, and the CKJ group. rHSCs in the model group and the CKJ group were treated with 2.5 ng/mL transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) in serum-free DMEM for 24 h. Serum free DMEM (containing no TGF-beta1) was taken as the control for the normal control group. rHSCs in the CKJ group were treated with 5% CKJ-containing serum for 24 h. rHSCs in the other two groups were treated with 5% blank serum for 24 h.The protein expression level of a smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) was determined using high throughput screening (HCS) and Western blot. mRNA expression levels of alpha-SMA, collagen I (Col-I), platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGF-betaR), TGF-beta1, transforming growth factor beta receptor 1 (TGF-betaR1), and transforming growth factor beta receptor 2 (TGF-beta R2) were detected using quantitative RT-PCR.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, the protein expression level of alpha-SMA, mRNA expression levels of alpha-SMA, Col-I, PDGF-betaR, TGF-beta1, TGF-betaR1, and TGF-betaR2 significantly increased in the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the protein expression level of alpha-SMA, mRNA expression levels of alpha-SMA, Col-I, PDGF-betaR, TGF-beta1, TGF-beta1, and TGF-beta R2 significantly decreased in the CKJ group (P<0.05, P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONCKJ containing serum could inhibit the protein expression level of o-SMA, which was probably related with inhibiting TGF-beta1 and its related receptors.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Hepatic Stellate Cells ; metabolism ; Rats ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; methods ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Thrombasthenia ; classification ; diagnosis

Adult ; Anastomosis, Surgical ; Esophagus ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Stents ; Stomach ; surgery ; Tracheoesophageal Fistula ; surgery

Objective To assess iodine nutrient levels of vulnerable population in Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu. Methods Local pregnant, lactation, child-bearing age women and 0 - 3 years old infants were selected. The urinary iodine (UI) were determined by arsenic-Ce catalytic spectrophotometry (WS/T 107-1999) and salt iodine content was determined using direct titration method (GB/T 13025.7-1999). The development quotient (DQ) among 0 - 3 years old infants were surveyed by the scales of neuropsychologists development among 0 - 6 years old, and their body height and weight were then investigated. Results The consumption and coverage rates of iodized salt at household level were all below than 90% in 5 counties among 8 counties. The median urine iodine (MUI) among pregnant, lactation, child-beating age women and 0 - 3 years old infants were 90.17, 89.28, 84.85 and 107.28 μg/L, respectively. The UI proportion less than 50 μg/L were 29.6%(278/938), 30.7%(239/778), 32.2% (265/824), and 23.9%(252/1056), respectively. The UI proportion equal or more than 50 μg/L and less than 100 μg/L were 25.1%(235/938), 24.0%(187/778), 23.7%(195/824), 23.7%(250/1056). MUI in pregnant were all less than 150 μg/L in 8 counties, and MUI in lactation women were less than 100 μg/L in 6 counties. The DQ median of infants 0 - 3 years old was 93.0, and 59.9%(395/659), 34.4%(227/659) and 5.6%(37/659)had a DQ below middle, at middle and above middle, respectively. Forty point seven percent (266/654), 50.2%(328/654) and 9.1% (60/654) had a body height below middle,at middle and above middle, respectively. Thirty-five percent (232/663), 51.3%(340/663) and 13.7%(91/663) had a body weight below middle, at middle and above middle, respectively. Conclusions The local qualified iodized salt consumption rate and iodized salt coverage rate are still low. The urine iodine level is below than the reference value recommended. The iodine nutrient is not enough among iodine deficiency disorder vulnerable population, especially in pregnant and lactation women. Infants growth development is retarded.