Objective To investigate the incidence of and risk factors for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) at the uninjured limb during hospitalization in patients with lower extremity fracture. Methods The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed of the 494 patients who had been hospitalized for lower extremity fracture at Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital from September 1, 2014 to October 1, 2017. They were 228 males and 266 females with an average age of 58.9 ± 18.9 years ( from 16 to 94 years ) . 290 fractures occurred proximally to the knee, 101 fractures around the knee and 103 fractures distally to the knee. They received anticoagulant prophylaxis or treatment during hospitalization. After operation, they were examined with Doppler sonography for bilateral lower limbs to detect occurrence of thrombus. The incidence of DVT at the uninjured limb during hospitalization was recorded and its possible risk factors were analyzed statistically. The possible risk factors ( gender, age, fracture type, body mass index, concomitant internal disease, time from injury to surgery, time from surgery to discharge, American Society of Anesthesiologists rating, operation duration, blood loss, fluid infusion volume and D-dimer level ) were screened by single factor logistic regression analysis and the major independent risk factors were determined by multi-factor logistic re-gression analysis.Results DVT occurred at the injured limb during hospitalization in 237 cases ( 47.97%). Of them, 221 ( 44.74%) had peripheral thrombus, 7 central thrombus ( 1.42%) and 9 mixed thrombus ( 1.82%). DVT occurred at the uninjured limb during hospitalization in 98 cases ( 19.84%). Of them, 90 (18.2%) had peripheral thrombus, one central thrombus (0.2%) and 7 mixed thrombus (1.4%). Of the 98 patients with DVT at the uninjured limb, 74 (75.51%) had DVT at both lower limbs and 24 (24.49%) had DVT only at the uninjured limb. Age and D-dimer level one day after surgery were independent risk factors for DVT at the uninjured limb during hospitalization. Conclusions The incidence of actual DVT at the unin-jured limb in patients with lower extremity fracture cannot be ignored in spite of use of anticoagulants for pro-phylaxis or treatment during hospitalization. We should also be aware that age and D-dimer level one day after surgery are independent risk factors for DVT at the uninjured limb during hospitalization.

Objective To observe the effect of stage-based acupuncture-moxibustion therapy on the endometrial thickness in patients suffering from repeated implantation failure in IVF-ET (in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer). Method Seventy-two patients suffering from repeated implantation failure in IVF-ET were randomized into two groups. Thirty-six cases in the treatment group were intervened by stage-based acupuncture-moxibustion therapy plus oral administration of Estradiol valerate tablets; the other 36 cases in the control group were prescribed with oral administration of Estradiol valerate tablets alone. The implantation result of IVF-ET was analyzed 3 cycles later. The endometrial thickness was compared before and after the intervention. Result The endometrial thickness of the non-pregnant women increased after the treatment in both groups (P<0.05), and the increase in the treatment group was more significant than that in the control group (P<0.05). The clinical pregnancy rate in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Stage-based acupuncture-moxibustion therapy can improve the endometrial thickness, promote the growth of endometrium, benefit the implantation of embryo, and enhance the clinical pregnancy rate.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate a family with congenital dysfibrinogenemia, and analyze the risk of hemorrhage and thrombosis and blood transfusion strategies. METHODS: Prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and thrombin time (TT) of the proband and her family members were detected by automatic coagulometer, fibrinogen (Fg) activity and antigen were detected by Clauss method and PT algorithm respectively. Meanwhile, thromboelastometry was analyzed for proband and her family members. Then, peripheral blood samples of the proband and her family members were collected, and all exons of FGA, FGB and FGG and their flanks were amplified by PCR and sequenced to search for gene mutations. RESULTS: The proband had normal APTT and PT, slightly prolonged TT, reduced level of Fg activity (Clauss method). The Fg of the proband's aunt, son and daughter all decreased to varying degrees. The results of thromboelastogram indicated that Fg function of the proband and her family members (except her son) was basically normal. Gene analysis showed that there were 6233 G/A (p.AαArg35His) heterozygous mutations in exon 2 of FGA gene in the proband, her children and aunt. In addition, 2 polymorphic loci were found in the family, they were FGA gene g.9308A/G (p.AαThr331Ala) and FGB gene g.12628G/A (p.BβArg478Iys) polymorphism, respectively. The proband was injected with 10 units of cryoprecipitate 2 hours before delivery to prevent bleeding, and no obvious bleeding occurred during and after delivery. CONCLUSION Heterozygous mutation of 6233G/A (p.AαArg35His) of FGA gene is the biogenetic basis of the disease in this family with congenital dysfibrinogenemia.
Humans ; Child ; Female ; Fibrinogen/genetics* ; Pedigree ; Afibrinogenemia/genetics* ; Mutation ; Blood Transfusion

OBJECTIVETo screen breast cancer resistance protein BCRP-mediated resistance agents and to investigate the relations between BCRP expression and drug resistance.

METHODSMT assay was performed to screen BCRP-mediated resistant agents with established BCRP expression cell model. While, the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay was administrated to measure the related dosage of intracellular retention resistant agents. The BCRP expression was investigated by both real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay in 140 clinical breast cancer tissue specimens. Chemosensitivity to resistant agents for clinical breast cancer tissue specimens was analyzed by MT assay. The Nonparametric variance statistics method was used to analyze the correlations between clinical breast cancer tissue of BCRP expression and drug resistance.

RESULTSMT assay showed that increasing resistance of 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) climbed with the increases of the BCRP expressions by 10.58 times (P < 0.05, n = 3) in cell model. HPLC assay also proved that a significant negative correlation between the intracellular retention dose of 5-Fu with different expression of BCRP (r = -0.897, P < 0.05, n = 3). Forty-seven tissue specimens of BCRP-positive expression were rapidly determined by using both real-time RT-PCR and IHC in 140 clinical breast cancer tissue specimens. Subsequently, the resistance index (RI) for 47 BCRP-positive clinical breast cancer tissues to 5-Fu was shown from 7 to 12 times compared with normal cancer-side tissues through MT assay. The statistical correlation between BCRP expression and 5-Fu resistance was observed in clinical breast cancer tissue specimens (R2 = 0.8124, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThis study results showed that there is a significant relationship between BCRP expression and 5-Fu resistance. Moreover, the results suggest that the chemotherapy scheme could be optimized on BCRP-positive expression breast cancer patients.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Sub-Family G, Member 2 ; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters ; genetics ; metabolism ; Adult ; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; pharmacology ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; genetics ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is the most common complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and also an important factor affecting the survival and quality of life in patients after transplantation. Currently, immunosuppressive therapy is commonly used for GVHD, but the curative effect is not ideal. How to effectively prevent and treat GVHD is one of the difficulties to be solved urgently in the field of transplantation. In this paper, we summarize the latest progress in pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of GVHD with Chinese medicine (CM). We hope it will provide ideas and methods for exploring the mechanism and establishing a new comprehensive therapy for GVHD with CM.
Allografts ; Graft vs Host Disease ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Quality of Life

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the potential efficacy of panaxadiol saponins component (PDS-C) in the treatment of aplastic anemia (AA) model mice. METHODS: Totally 70 mice were divided into 7 groups as follows: normal, model, low-, medium-, high-dose PDS-C (20, 40, 80 mg/kg, namely L-, M-, H-PDS-C), cyclosporine (40 mg/kg), and andriol (25 mg/kg) groups, respectively. An immune-mediated AA mouse model was established in BALB/c mice by exposing to 5.0 Gy total body irradiation at 1.0 Gy/min, and injecting with lymphocytes from DBA mice. On day 4 after establishment of AA model, all drugs were intragastrically administered daily for 15 days, respectively, while the mice in the normal and model groups were administered with saline solution. After treatment, the peripheral blood counts, bone marrow pathological examination, colony forming assay of bone marrow culture, T lymphocyte subpopulation analysis, as well as T-bet, GATA-3 and FoxP3 proteins were detected by flow cytometry and Western blot. RESULTS: The peripheral blood of white blood cell (WBC), platelet, neutrophil counts and hemoglobin (Hb) concentration were significantly decreased in the model group compared with the normal group (all P<0.01). In response to 3 dose PDS-C treatment, the WBC, platelet, neutrophil counts were significantly increased at a dose-dependent manner compared with the model group (all P<0.01). The myelosuppression status of AA was significantly reduced in M-, H-PDS-C groups, and hematopoietic cell quantity of bone marrow was more abundant than the model group. The colony numbers of myeloid, erythroid and megakaryocytic progenitor cells in the model group were less than those of the normal mice in bone marrow culture, while, PDS-C therapy enhanced proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells by significantly increasing colony numbers (all P<0.01). Furthermore, PDS-C therapy increased peripheral blood CD3 and CD3CD4 cells and reduced CD3CD8 cells (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Meanwhile, PDS-C treatment at medium- and high doses groups also increased CD4CD25FoxP3 cells, downregulated T-bet protein expression, and upregulated GATA-3 and FoxP3 protein expressions in spleen cells (P<0.05). CONCLUSION PDS-C possesses dual activities, promoting proliferation hematopoietic progenitor cells and modulating T lymphocyte immune functions in the treatment of AA model mice.

Objective: Several COVID-19 patients have overlapping comorbidities. The independent role of each component contributing to the risk of COVID-19 is unknown, and how some non-cardiometabolic comorbidities affect the risk of COVID-19 remains unclear. Methods: A retrospective follow-up design was adopted. A total of 1,160 laboratory-confirmed patients were enrolled from nine provinces in China. Data on comorbidities were obtained from the patients' medical records. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratio ( Results: Overall, 158 (13.6%) patients were diagnosed with severe illness and 32 (2.7%) had unfavorable outcomes. Hypertension (2.87, 1.30-6.32), type 2 diabetes (T2DM) (3.57, 2.32-5.49), cardiovascular disease (CVD) (3.78, 1.81-7.89), fatty liver disease (7.53, 1.96-28.96), hyperlipidemia (2.15, 1.26-3.67), other lung diseases (6.00, 3.01-11.96), and electrolyte imbalance (10.40, 3.00-26.10) were independently linked to increased odds of being severely ill. T2DM (6.07, 2.89-12.75), CVD (8.47, 6.03-11.89), and electrolyte imbalance (19.44, 11.47-32.96) were also strong predictors of unfavorable outcomes. Women with comorbidities were more likely to have severe disease on admission (5.46, 3.25-9.19), while men with comorbidities were more likely to have unfavorable treatment outcomes (6.58, 1.46-29.64) within two weeks. Conclusion Besides hypertension, diabetes, and CVD, fatty liver disease, hyperlipidemia, other lung diseases, and electrolyte imbalance were independent risk factors for COVID-19 severity and poor treatment outcome. Women with comorbidities were more likely to have severe disease, while men with comorbidities were more likely to have unfavorable treatment outcomes.
Adult ; Aged ; COVID-19/virology* ; China/epidemiology* ; Comorbidity ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Severity of Illness Index ; Treatment Outcome