AIM To investigate the effects of iptakalim hydrochloride(Ipt) on potassium currents in cardiomyocytes derived from guinea pig and on the specific binding of glibenclamide (Gli) with sulfonylurea receptor(SUR_ 2A ) of ATP-sensitive potassium channel (K_ ATP ) in cardiac membranes derived from Wistar rats. The effects of Ipt on the association and dissociation kinetic processes of Gli binding with SUR_ 2A of K_ ATP in cardiac preparations were also determined. METHODS The effects of Ipt on potassium currents in cardiomyocytes were observed by using patch clamp technique(whole cell recording) after application of the drug in the bath. The experiments of the ass ociation and dissociation kinetic processes of K_ ATP blocker [ 3H]Gli binding with cardiac membranes were used. RESULTS (1)The potassium current-voltage curves (I-U curves) of cardiomyocytes derived from guinea pig were upward shifted by Ipt at the concentrations of 1 and 100 ?mol?L -1 . Within 5 minutes after application of the drug, the current amplitude increased to 124.9%?9.5%(n=5)and 151.6%?11.2%(n=7)of initial current amplitude respectively(P

Objective To investigate the optimum target plasma concentration of propofol in preventing the adverse effects of carboprost tromethamine in the patients undergoing caesarean section.Methods One hundred and twenty-eight nulliparous parturients who were at full term with a singleton fetus,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,aged 24-37 yr,weighing 54-78kg,scheduled for elective caesarean section under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =32 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),and different concentrations of propofol groups (P1-3 groups).Carboprost tromethamine 250 μg was injected into the body of the uterus,and propofol with the target plasma concentrations of 0.8,1.2 and 1.6 μg/ml was simultaneously given by target-controlled infusion in P1,P2 and P3 groups,respectively,and normal saline was infused at a rate of 0.5 ml · kg-1 · h-1 in group C.The occurrence of cardiovascular events was recorded from the end of carboprost tromethamine administration until the end of surgery.The relatedadverse effects after carboprost tromethamine administration,and Ramsay sedation score at 15 mm after carboprost tromethamine administration were recorded,and satisfactory sedation was defined as Ramsay sedation score of 2.The occurrence of complications associated with combined spinal-epidural anesthesia was recorded during the postoperative follow-up.Results Compared with group C,the incidence of carboprost tromethamine-related adverse effects was significantly decreased in P2 and P3 groups,the rate of satisfactory sedation was significantly increased in P1 and P2 groups,the incidence of hypotension and tachycardia was significantly decreased in group P1 (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the incidence of carboprost tromethamine-related adv erse effects in group P1,and in the rate of satisfactory sedation in group P3 (P＞ 0.05).Compared with group P1,the incidence of carboprost tromethaminerelated adverse effects was significantly decreased in P2 and P3 groups,the rate of satisfactory sedation was significantly increased in group P2,and the rate of satisfactory sedation was significantly decreased in group P3 (P＜0.05).Compared with group P2,the rate of satisfactory sedation was significantly decreased (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the incidence of carboprost tromethamine-related adverse effects in group P3 (P＞0.05).No cardiovascular events were found in group P2,and the incidence of hypotension was 9％ in group P3.Conclusion The optimum target plasma concentration of propofol in preventing the adverse effects of carboprost tromethamine is 1.2 μg/ml in the patients undergoing caesarean section.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the expression of tumor O (6)-methylquanine DNA methyl-tranferase(MGMT) and pathological grade,and the influence of racial factors on tumor MGMT expression levels for glioma patients. Methods Compare and analysis the correlation between the pathological grade and MGMT levels and the racial factors on MGMT expression levels by the immunohistochemical staining on the tumor specimens of 33 Uygur and 61 Han. Results The positive rate of 61 Han gliomas pations with MGMT is 45.90％ and 33 cases of the Uygur is 30. 30％ , there's no clear correlation between the racial factors and the tumor MGMT levels. (P ＞ 0. 05). Comparative the 94 patients with pathological level and tumor MGMT level, there is no clear correlation between pathologic level and MGMT pression in tumor tissues (P ＞ 0. 05 ). ConclusionThere's no clear correlation of tumor MGMT expression and pathological levels; and there's no significant effect between racial factors and expression of glioma MGMT.

Lomatogonium rotatum (L.) Fries, Gentianopsis barbata (Froel) Ma, and Gentianella acuta (Michx.) Hulten, the three kinds of Digeda-species Mongolian medicinal materials belonging to the family Gentianaceae, bad been widely used for the treatment of liver diseases. To analyze comparatively the content of swertiamarin and swertisin among these three kinds of Digeda-species Mongolian medicinal materials. HPLC method was applied for qualitative and quantitative analysis of swertiamarin and swertisin. The Phenomenex C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm) was used, chromatographic methanol and water as mobile phase, the flow rate was 1.5 mL x min(-1) with UV detected at 237 nm, column oven temperature was 25 degrees C. Results showed that the contents of swertiamarin and swertisin were closely related the different species and producing areas. The content range of swertiamarin in L. rotatum from different habitats was 1.73% - 2.72%, 0.43% - 0.96% for the swertisin content; the content of swertiamarin in G. barbata from Alxa Left Banner was 0.38%, and the content of swertiamarin and swertisin in G. barbata from the others habitats and G. Acuta from different habitats were all detected qualitatively. The contents of swertiamarin and swertisin among these medicinal plants showed a significant difference due to the different species and producing areas. As a consequence, these medicinal plants should not be put together for clinical applications.
Apigenin ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Gentianaceae ; chemistry ; classification ; Gentianella ; chemistry ; classification ; Iridoid Glucosides ; analysis ; Medicine, Mongolian Traditional ; Mongolia ; Plant Extracts ; analysis ; Pyrones ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo analyze the differential protein expression of left-sided colon cancer and right-sided colon cancer.

METHODSTissue samples of left-sided colon cancer (n=7) and right-sided colon cancer (n=7) were collected. Tissue protein was abstracted and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) was used to examine the gel images. Peptide mass fingerprintings (PMF) was acquired by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and the proteins were identified by data searching with bioinformatics. Immunohistochemical SP method was used for the detection of glucose regulated protein 78 kD (GRP78) and heat shock protein 20 (HSP20) in left-sided colon cancer (n=50) and right-sided colon cancer (n=50) tissues.

RESULTSSixteen differentiating protein spots were identified. Compared with right-sided colon cancer, 10 proteins including GRP78 up-regulated and 6 proteins including HSP20 down-regulated in left-sided colon cancer. Immunohistochemical detection showed that in left and right sided colon cancer, the positive expression rate of GRP78 was 78% (39/50) and 56% (28/50) and the positive expression rate of HSP20 was 34% (17/50) and 72% (36/50), respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (both P<0.05). The positive rate of GRP78 was associated with tumor differentiation, infiltration layer, TNM staging, lymph node metastasis, and liver metastasis, while the positive rate of HSP20 was associated with tumor gross morphology, TNM staging, and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThere are differentially expressed proteins between left-sided colon cancer and right-sided colon cancer, especially for GRP78 and HSP20, which may be the cause leading to the biological differences between left-sided and right-sided colon cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Colonic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; HSP20 Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

In China, the incidence of prostate cancer has been increasing in recent years. Hormonal therapy has been the mainstay of the therapeutic options for metastatic diseases for many years. But many metastatic tumors progress at a median of two to five years and become hormonal refractory prostate cancer (HRPC). This article summarizes in the advances of diagnostic criteria, molecular biological features, prediction markers, new therapeutic agents and further researches to be undertaken concerning HRPC.
Aged ; Androgen Antagonists ; pharmacology ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; analysis ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; pathology

Hemopexin (HPX) is a plasma protein with the strongest binding capacity to heme and widely involved in modulation of a variety of physiological and pathological processes. The main physiological function of HPX is to bind and transport free toxic heme. Recent studies indicate that HPX also plays roles of anti-oxidant, anti-apoptosis, immune regulation and organic protection. In addition, HPX participates in regulation of cell differentiation and extracellular matrix reconstruction. In recent years, a great deal of progress has been made in studies of the mechanisms of HPX protective effects and on possible clinical application. In the past few years, especially, a number of proteomic studies have demonstrated that HPX could be served as positive molecular biomarkers for cancers of lung, liver, kidney, colon, and uterine myoma as well as osteoarthritis. In this review, recent progress in the biochemical characteristics and function of HPX and its possible clinical applications are summarized.
Heme ; Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) ; Hemopexin ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Humans

Objective To investigate the correlation between the expression of tumor VEGF and pathological grade,and the influence of racial factors on tumor VEGF expression levels for glioma patients.Methods Compare and analysis the correlation between the pathological grade and VEGF levels and the racial factors on VEGF expression levels by the immunohistochemical staining on the tumor specimens of 33 Uygur and 61Han.Results The positive rate of 61Han gliomas pations with VEGF is 81.97％ and 33 cases of the Uygur is 60.61％,there's clear correlation between the racial factors and the tumor VEGF levels.(P ＜ 0.05).Comparative the two groups patients separately with pathological level and tumor VEGF level,there is no clear correlation in Uygu ( P ＞ 0.05 ) and opposite in Han( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion There's significant effect of the racial factors on the positive of glioma's VEGF and the relation between the pathological grade and the expression levels.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the preventive effects of Qiangzhi Decoction (, QZD) on influenza A pneumonia through inhibition of inflammatory cytokine storm in vivo and in vitro.

METHODSOne hundred ICR mice were randomly divided into the virus control, the Tamiflu control and the QZD high-, medium-, and low-dose groups. Mice were infected intranasally with influenza virus (H1N1) at 10 median lethal dose (LD50). QZD and Tamiflu were administered intragastrically twice daily from day 0 to day 7 after infection. The virus control group was treated with distilled water alone under the same condition. The number of surviving mice was recorded daily for 14 days after viral infection. The histological damage and viral replication and the expression of inflammatory cytokines were monitored. Additionally, the suppression capacity on the secretion of regulated on activation normal T cells expressed and secreted (RANTES) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in epithelial and macrophage cell-lines were evaluated.

RESULTSCompared with the virus control group, the survival rate of the QZD groups significantly improved in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05), the viral titers in lung tissue was inhibited (P<0.05), and the production of inflammatory cytokines interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-6 (IL-6), TNF-α, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) were suppressed (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the secretion of RANTETS and TNF-α by epithelial and macrophage cell-lines was inhibited with the treatment of QZD respectively in vitro (p<0.05) CONCLUSIONS: The preventive effects of QZD on influenza virus infection might be due to its unique cytokine inhibition mechanism. QZD may have significant therapeutic potential in combination with antiviral drugs.

Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Chemokine CCL5 ; metabolism ; Chemokines ; metabolism ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Dogs ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Hemagglutination, Viral ; drug effects ; Humans ; Inflammation ; pathology ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; drug effects ; physiology ; Influenza A Virus, H1N2 Subtype ; drug effects ; Lung ; drug effects ; pathology ; Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections ; complications ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Pneumonia ; complications ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Survival Rate ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo isolate and identify the cancer stem cells from primary human ovarian cancer tissues.

METHODSFresh tumor tissues from five cases of pathologically diagnosed ovarian cancers were taken, minced and then digested with collagenase and hyaluronidase to obtain single cell suspension. The erythrocytes were removed with ACK Lysis buffer. The suspensions were sorted by magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) using CD133-binding microbeads. Then the sorted CD133(+) cells were verified by flow cytometry. The cells were cultured in serum-free medium supplemented with EGF, bFGF, insulin and BSA, and grew into spheroids. Immunofluorescence, differentiation and tumor formation tests of the cells were performed to characterize the properties of cancer stem cells.

RESULTSThe ovarian cancer stem cells were successfully isolated from primary human ovarian tumors, which formed typical spheroids in serum-free medium and had stronger ability of tumorigenesis. The results of related experiments verified that CD133 positive cells owned the properties of cancer stem cells.

CONCLUSIONSThe ovarian cancer stem cells presenting the characteristics of stemness in vitro and in vivo, have been successfully isolated from primary human ovarian tumor tissues by MACS. The isolated ovarian cancer stem cells could be used in future researches of their biological functions.

AC133 Antigen ; Animals ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Separation ; methods ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; methods ; Glycoproteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunomagnetic Separation ; methods ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred NOD ; Mice, SCID ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Peptides ; metabolism