OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Shen warming Pi strengthening method on expressions of serum T cell subsets (C045+%, C03+%, and C04 +/COB+) in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-0) rats. Methods An IBS-0 rat model was established referring to AL-Chaer's modeling method combined with tail clamp and intragastric administration of sanna leaf. After modeling 30 SO rats were randomly divided into 6 groups according to random digit table, i.e., the model group, the high, middle, low dose Wenshen Jianpi Recipe (WJR) groups, and the Sishen Pill control group, 6 in each group. A normal control group consisting of 6 SO rats were also set up. Rats in high, middle, low dose WJ R groups were administered by gastrogavage with boil-free WJ R at the daily dose of 3. 100, 1. 550, 0. 775 g/kg, respectively. Rats in the Sis hen Pill control group were administered by gastrogavage with boil-free Sis hen Pill at the daily dose of 0. 736 g/kg. Equal volume of normal saline was given by gastrogavage to rats in the model group and the normal control group. All medication lasted for 2 successive weeks. Rats' general state, expressions of T cell subsets (CD45+%, CD3+%, and CD4+ /CDB+) changes were observed.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, expressions of CD45+% and CD3+% increased, but CD4+ /CDB+ decreased with statistical difference (P < 0. 05). Compared with the model group, expressions of CD45+% and CD3+% decreased, but CD4+ ICDB+ increased with statistical difference in high, middle, low dose WJR groups, and the Sis hen Pill control group (P <0. 05). Compared with the Sis hen Pill control group, there was statistical difference in all indices except CD45+ value in the low dose SWPSM group (P <0. 05). Compared with the low dose WJ R group, the expression of CD3+% decreased in high and middle dose WJR groups, and the Sis hen Pill control group; CD4+ /CD8+ increased in the Sishen Pill control group and the high dose SWPSM group (all P < 0. 05).

CONCLUSIONSWJR showed better treatment effect. The mechanism of Shen warming Pi strengthening method might be achieved by regulating expressions of CD45+% and CD3+%, and CD4+ /CD8+ ratios.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Female ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; therapy ; Leukocyte Common Antigens ; metabolism ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Rats ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the regulation mechanism of enzymes and endogenous hormones of different stages of Paris polyphylla Smith var. chinensis seed germination, aiming to provide scientific basis for taking effective treatment measures during the different stages of seed dormancy and germination to increase seedling emergence rate. Methods The morphological differences of different stages of P. polyphylla Smith var. chinensis seeds germination after treatment with variable temperature stratification were observed and measured. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), malic acid deoxy enzyme (MDH) and 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) were determined by routine physiological and biochemical methods. Levels of 6 endogenous hormones, named indole acetic acid (IAA), gibberellin (GA3), abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), Trans-Zeatin (TZ), and jasmonic acid (JA) were quantitatively determined by mass spectrometry. The correlation among enzyme activity, endogenous hormone content and embryo rate during seed germination was studied. Results In the stages of non-germinating, epicotyl dormancy and upcoming emerging of P. polyphylla Smith var. chinensis seeds, seed weight and embryo rate increased gradually; the activities of SOD and POD increased gradually, while activities of CAT and MDH decreased gradually. The G-6-PDH activity levels showed two peaks and the levels of non-germinating stage and stage before epicotyl elongation after germination were obviously higher than those of other stages. The contents of IAA, GA3, ABA and JA increased gradually, and the contents of IAA and JA were significantly higher in the upcoming emerging stage than those of other stages (P < 0.01). The contents of TZ and SA increased first and then decreased. TZ levels of cotyledon differentiation stage and endosperm maturation stage were obviously higher than those of other stages (P < 0.01). SA level was highest in the early stage of emerge, and the levels of SA in germinating radicle just breaking through the seed coat stage and endosperm formation stage were second. The change of CAT enzyme activity was negatively correlated with embryo rate, and the content of IAA and JA was positively correlated with embryo rate. Conclusion CAT could inhibit the growth of embryo, and IAA and JA had positive effects on the growth of embryo.

OBJECTIVEIBS-D rat model was established to assess the effect of Shen warming Pi strengthening method (SWPSM) for intervening diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) by observing rats' general state, stool properties, AWR ranking, and histopathological changes.

METHODSTotally 72 rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, i.e. the normal group, the model group, the high, middle, low dose SWPSM groups, and the control group, 12 in each group. The IBS-D rat model was successfully established referring to AL-Chaer ED's modeling method. After modeling high, middle, and low dose SWPS Recipe boil-free granules were given by gastrogavage to rats in corresponding treatment groups. Sishen Pill boil-free granule was given by gastrogavage to those in the control group. Equal volume of normal saline was given by gastrogavage to rats in the model group. The medication lasted for 2 weeks. Rats' general state, stool properties, abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) ranking, and histopathological changes were observed.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the general state of all rats got im- provement to various degrees. The improvement in the high and middle dose SWPS Recipe groups were superior to that in the low dose SWPS Recipe group and the control group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in the growth rate between after and before treatment in each group (P > 0.05). Compared with the model group and the low dose SWPS Recipe group, the defecation amount within 4 h was less in the high and middle dose SWPS Recipe groups and the control group (P < 0.05). The Bristol ranking score, average ranking of loose stool, ratio of dry stool and wet stool were lower in the high and middle dose SWPS Recipe groups than in the control group and the low dose SWPS Recipe group (P < 0.05). The AWR ranking score was lower in the high and middle dose SWPS Recipe groups than in the control group when the volume of balloon dilation was 1.5 mL. There was no organic change of histological or morphological observation.

CONCLUSIONSHigh sensitive IBS-D model was proved to be reliable. SWPSM could reduce the quantity of stools, lower Bristol ranking score, average ranking of loose stools as well as ratios of dry stool and wet stool, contributing to reducing the high sensitivity of rats' visceral organs to some extent.

Animals ; Diarrhea ; drug therapy ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; drug therapy ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

BACKGROUNDOn May 12, 2008, a major earthquake hit Wenchuan County in Sichuan Province of China. The number of cases of crush injury following this event was high. Ultrasonic appearance of rhabdomyolysis (RM) caused by crush injury in the Wenchuan earthquake was observed to evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasound for detection of rhabdomyolysis.

METHODSWe analyzed clinical and ultrasonic manifestations of 50 cases of RM and 18 cases of RM with osteofascial compartment syndrome (OCS). All cases were caused by crush injury in the Wenchuan earthquake. For these RM patients, we also evaluated the correlations between creatine kinase (CK) and the scope of the muscle lesions as observed by ultrasound.

RESULTSThere were differences in clinical symptoms, physical signs and ultrasonic appearance between the two groups of patients. The ultrasonic characteristics of the RM were as follows: the striated muscle in the lesions thickened with good overall continuity, and the muscle texture was vague; the strength of the echo was uneven and the echo was cloudy or ground glass-like. Liquid dark zones appeared between muscles and were spindle-like or irregular in shape. There were no blood flow signals in the liquid dark areas. The volume of the striated muscle increased in patients with OCS; the fascia wrapping the muscle showed arched protrusions and significant displacement. The flow velocity of the distal arteries decreased and the spectrum was abnormal. The muscle lesion scope of RM group and RM and OCS group was (7.8 +/- 2.0) cm and (13.6 +/- 3.1) cm, respectively. The correlation coefficient (r) between the muscle lesion scope and the CK was 0.681 for the RM group (P < 0.05) and 0.516 for the RM and OCS group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe ultrasonogram of RM has characteristic manifestations and can provide important information for clinical diagnosis and treatment of rhabdomyolysis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; China ; Compartment Syndromes ; diagnostic imaging ; Crush Syndrome ; diagnostic imaging ; Earthquakes ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Rhabdomyolysis ; diagnostic imaging ; Ultrasonography ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study is to study the sealing ability and the furcal appearance of repairing subpulpal wall perforation with resinous inlay.

METHODSFifty newly extracted human molars were randomly divided into three experiment groups (group A, group B, group C, 15 teeth each) and one control group (5 teeth). In experiment groups, perforations were made perpendicularly to the center of the pulp chamber floor. Perforations of group A and B were repaired with resinous inlay and sealed by AH Plus sealer and luting glass-ionomer, respectively. Perforations of group C were directly repaired using light-cure composite resin. Perforations were not made in five teeth of control group. The furcal appearances were evaluated under stereomicroscope after repairing. Microleakage was measured by glucose oxidase detection.

RESULTSThe fineness rate of furcal appearances with resinous inlay repairing were 83.3%, while the fineness rate of furcal appearances with light-cure composite resin directly repairing were 46.7%. There were statistics difference between resinous inlay repairing and light-cure composite resin directly repairing (P<0.05). There were statistics difference among the daily microleakage of three experiment groups, group A

CONCLUSIONUsing resinous inlay to repair the subpulpal wall perforation can improve the sealing effect and avoid material overextension. AH Plus can be used as perforation sealant because of its better sealing ability.

Bicuspid ; Composite Resins ; Dental Leakage ; Dental Pulp Cavity ; Glass Ionomer Cements ; Humans ; Inlays ; Molar

OBJECTIVETo select three kinds of perforation repair materials, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), Z350, amalgam. And to evaluate the cytotoxicity of three kinds of perforation repair materials on human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPDLF) in vitro.

METHODSThe proliferation of HPDLF to three perforation repair materials were examined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay at 1, 3 and 5 days. The mRNA expression levels of bone-associated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OC) were determined using a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

RESULTSMTA shew almost no inhibition to HPDLF, the expression of ALP mRNA and OC mRNA in the HPDLF cultured on MTA were higher. Z350 induced a slight inhibition to HPDLF, and the expression of ALP mRNA but there was no difference in the expression of OC mRNA. Cell proliferation was significantly impaired by amalgam with grade 3, and the expression of ALP mRNA and OC mRNA were significantly reduced.

CONCLUSIONMTA have minimum cytotoxicity on HPDLF and can promote cell differentiation and regenerate of periodontal tissue. Z350 have lower cytotoxicity on HPDLF. Amalgam show highest cytotoxicity on HPDLF in the three materials and inhibit cells differentiation.

Acrylic Resins ; Aluminum Compounds ; Calcium Compounds ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Drug Combinations ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Osteocalcin ; Oxides ; Periodontal Ligament ; Root Canal Filling Materials ; Silicates

OBJECTIVETo study the HLA-DRB1 genetic polymorphism in the Ewenki of Inner mongolia.

METHODSHLA-DRB1 allele polymorphisms in 84 normal Ewenki were determined by PCR with sequencing based typing (SBT).

RESULTSTwenty-five HLA-DRB1 alleles were observed. The allele frequency of HLA-DRB1*03011(14.88%) is the highest; the allele frequencies of HLA -DRB1*09012 (13.69%), DRB1*07011(8.92%), DRB1*04011(9.52%) and DRB1*12011(8.33%) are lower.

CONCLUSIONThe distribution of HLA-DRB1 alleles frequencies in normal Ewenki from Inner Mongolia exhibits a unique profile, which is of important reference value for studies on anthropology and related illnesses in Ewenki population.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; ethnology ; Ethnic Groups ; HLA-DR Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-DRB1 Chains ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical effect of acupuncture for controlling the adverse response in gastroscopy.

METHODSNinety-seven cases of gastroscopy were randomly divided into an observation group of 52 cases and a control group of 45 cases. The observation group were treated by acupuncture at Hegu (LI 4), Neiguan (PC 6) and Zusanli (ST 36), in combined with oral administration of Lidocaine; the control group were treated by simple administration of Lidocaine. Changes of the adverse response, blood pressure and heart rate, and satisfactory degrees and the willing re-examination rate were investigated in the two groups. Results In the observation group, the nausea and vomiting, salivation, restlessness, breath holding and other adverse responses in gastroscopy were significantly decreased as compared with those in the control group (P < 0.01), and the blood pressure and heart rate were more stable than in the control group, and the satisfactory degree and willing re-examination rate were higher than the control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture can effectively control the adverse response in gastroscopy.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Blood Pressure ; Female ; Gastroscopy ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Male

Objective To determine mercury contents in pair in cord blood,fetal hair,placenta and maternal scalp hair,and to analyze the correlation among them and the effect of mercury exposure risk factors in the mercury contents of samples.Methods Puerperants in the hospital,who lived in the local area without history of major diseases during the whole pregnancy,were investigated by questionnaire composed to several health factors.Cord blood,fetal hair,placenta and maternal scalp hair of these puerperal and their neonates (polyembryony and birth defects excluded) were collected to determine mercury content in pairs.Results The mean mercury contents of cord blood,fetal hair,placenta and maternal scalp hair in 303 samples were 1.65 μg/kg,234.58 μg/kg,3.85 μg/kg,497.62 μg/kg,respectively.Fifty percentile of them were 1.72 μg/kg,252.24 μg/kg,3.98 μg/kg,508.88 μg/kg,respectively.There were direct correlations between mercury in cord blood and that in fetal hair,mercury in cord blood and that in placenta,mercury in cord blood and that in maternal scalp hair,mercury in fetal hair and that in placenta,mercury in fetal hair and that in maternal scalp hair,mercury in maternal scalp hair and that in placenta(all P ＜ 0.05).The mercury contents in cord blood,fetal hair and maternal scalp hair of those living nearby factories involved in mercury,higher intake fish during the pregnancy,firing coal and consumption of whiting cosmetics and smoking were determined as (2.24 ± 0.20) μg/kg,(315.65 ± 35.31) μg/kg and (663.53 ± 71.83) μg/kg.The mercury in those without the high risk factors mentioned above were(1.62 ± 0.16) μg/kg,(245.79 ± 28.21) μg/kg and (499.39 ± 47.72) μg/kg.There was a significant difference between 2 groups(all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions In addition to control industrial pollution,pregnant women should avoid the above-mentioned high risk factors and pay more attention to health care during pregnancy.The mercury content in cord blood is highly correlated with the mercury in fetal hair,and that in placenta and in maternal scalp hair.The 2 kinds of detection both can achieve the purpose of monitoring mercury intrauterine exposure conditions.

Objective To investigate the cytoprotection and mechanism of carbachol(CCH)to stimulate M3mus-carinic acetylcholine receptor(M3-mAChR) against hypoxia injury induced by cobaltous chloride hexahydrate (CoCl2) in rat cardiomyocyte line H9c2. Methods Select the normal rat cardiomyocyte line H9c2 as the control group, rat cardiomyocyte line H9c2 was managed with CoCl2to develop hypoxia injury model, M3-mAChR spe-cific agonist CCH and antagonist 4-diphenyl-acetoxy-N-methyl-piperidine methiodide(4-DAMP) were used for in-tervention. The cell viability was tested by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT); The apoptosis in cardiomyocyte was detected by flow cytomery(FCM); The expression of M3-mAChR,caspase-3, HIF-1α and HO-1 proteins was measured by Western blot assay. Results In hypoxia group,the ap-optosis rate was significantly increased while cell proliferation decreased, the expression of HIF-1α, caspase-3 and HO-1 proteins were up-regulated obviously;After treatment with CCH,the apoptosis and cell proliferation of cardiomyocytes were significantly decreased, while the proliferation of cells increased, and the expression of M3-mAChR, HIF-1α and HO-1 proteins increased, the expression of caspase-3 protein was significantly decreased. Moreover, when applying 4-DAMP as intervention, these effects mediated by CCH was abolished.Conclusions CCH stimulates M3-mAChR against hypoxia injury induced by CoCl2in rat cardiomyocyte strain H9c2, and the mechanism may be related to down-regulation of caspase-3 expression and up-regulation of HIF-1α and HO-1 protein expression.