In order to investigate the potential anti-leukemic effect of cyclosporin A(CsA), MTT method and cell viability assay in vitro were carried out in this study to observe the effect of CsA on the proliferation and cell viability of various leukemic cell lines, such as T-cell Jurkat, Molt-4, CCRF-CEM, Nalm-6, K562 and multi-drug-resistant leukemic cell line K562/AO2. The results fully showed that CsA did possess the same cytotoxic action on all the leukemic cell lines, particularly including multi-drug-resistant leukemic cell line,and could then inhibit the proliferation and cell viability of these leukemic cells, thereby indicating that CsA might be applied as one of the new, safe and effective anti-leukemic agents when used with clinically adoptable dosage in leukemias.

AIM: To analyze the efficacy of sodium hyaluronate and cyclosporine A eye drops in treating patients with mixed dry eye disease.

METHODS: Among patients diagnosed with dry eye who presented to our hospital between February 2018 to February 2019, 60(120 eyes)cases were divided into 30(60 eyes)in each control and treatment group by random number table method. Both groups received routine treatment with the methods of eyelid hot compress cleaning and meibomian gland massage. The treatment group received combined application of sodium hyaluronate eye drop(0.3%)and cyclosporine A eye drop(1%), while control group received carbomer eye drops used alone at four times daily. And dry eye symptom score, Schirmer I test(SⅠt), tear film break-up time(BUT)and corneal fluorescein staining(CFS)results were obtained before treatment, at the 1 and 3mo after initiation of treatment.

RESULTS: No statistically differences were observed in any of the indexes between the control group(dry eye symptom score: 13.52±2.15, SⅠt: 5.22±2.23, BUT: 5.02±1.58, CFS:2.82±0.81)and the treatment group(dry eye symptom score: 13.75+3.05, SⅠt: 5.54+2.89, BUT: 5.14+1.84, CFS: 2.73±0.45)before initiating treatment. One month later, the dry eye symptom score of the control group(12.22±2.64)and the treatment group(11.42±2.06)improved after treatment; the SⅠt of the control group(7.94±2.15)and the treatment group(8.63±2.78)also improved after treatment, and result of the treatment group was better than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant; the BUT of the control group(5.32±1.34)and the treatment group(5.46±1.45)were better after treatment, but the difference was not statistically significant. After 3mo treatment, the dry eye symptom score, SⅠt, BUT and CFS of the control group were 11.57±2.98, 8.44±2.35, 5.92±1.75, 1.92±0.44, respectively, and the dry eye symptom score, SⅠt, BUT and CFS of the control group were 9.23±2.34, 10.45±2.65, 5.92±1.75, 8.69±1.78, 1.59±0.79, respectively(P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: Combination therapy of sodium hyaluronate eye drop and cyclosporine A eye drops treatments are effective for the treatment of mixed dry eye syndrome.

OBJECTIVETo establish a simple but effective method of laser scanning confocal microscopic imaging for Ca2+ oscillations of pancreatic acinar cells in adult mice.

METHODSPancreatic acinar cells from adult Kunming mice were isolated acutely with collagenase, and then loaded with fluo-4-AM, a Ca2+ indicator. A laser scanning confocal microscope armed with 488 nm laser was employed to record the dynamic fluorescent signals in-time and synchronously while acetylcholine (ACh) was added in the pancreatic acinar cells.

RESULTS(1) The classic pancreatic acinar cell Ca2+ oscillations were induced by a certain concentration of ACh (100 nmol/L) successfully and steadily, which could be blocked by atropine completely. (2) Plasmic Ca2+ oscillations from different parts of one acinar cell were usually with different amplitudes and almost the same frequencies. But both of amplitudes and frequencies were different among different cells. (3) The acinar cell Ca2+ oscillations were induced by ACh in a concentration-dependent manner.

CONCLUSIONThe laser scanning confocal microscopic imaging for adult mouse pancreatic acinar cell Ca2+ oscillations was established successfully. The features of being easy to use, direct to see lively, high efficiency and good flexibility make it a popular tool for researchers to choose.

Acinar Cells ; chemistry ; Animals ; Calcium ; analysis ; Calcium Signaling ; Cells, Cultured ; Mice ; Microscopy, Confocal ; methods ; Pancreas ; cytology

Ongoing study on the chemical constituents of the roots of Macleaya microcarpa led to the isolation of eight compounds of derivatives of triterpenes and organic acids in addition to some previously identified benzophenanthridines. The eight compounds were identified by spectroscopic methods as well as comparison with literature values as 1-oxo-2, 22 (30)-hopandien-29-oic acid (1), 3-oxo-12-oleanen-30-oic acid (2), 3α-hydroxy-12-oleanen-30-oic acid (3), 3β-hydroxy-12-oleanen-30-oic acid (4), ferulic acid (5), ferulic acid 4-O-β-D-glucoside (6), 3-O-feruloylquinic acid (7), and methyl 3-O-feruloylquinate (8). Of which, 1 is a new triterpenoid of hopanes and 2-8 are isolated from M microcarpa for the first time. In order to discover natural active compounds as potential agents of anti-ulcerative colitis (UC), an in vitro drug high-throughput screening model targeted x-box-binding protein 1 (xbp1) was employed to evaluate the activity of the major chemical constituents of M microcarpa. The result confirmed that two dihydrobenzophenanthridines, dihydrosanguinarine (9) and dihydrochelerythrine (10), showed a certain activity on activating the transcription of xbpl, a transcription factor (TF) associated with the occurrence, development, and potential treatment of UC, with their relative activating ratios being 1.76 and 1.77 times, respectively, as compared with control group.
Anti-Ulcer Agents ; chemistry ; Benzophenanthridines ; chemistry ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Isoquinolines ; chemistry ; Papaveraceae ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Regulatory Factor X Transcription Factors ; Transcription Factors ; genetics ; Transcription, Genetic ; Triterpenes ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo observe the improvement effects of puerarin on glycated brain damages in rat model induced by D-galactose.

METHODThe model rats of protein glycation were induced by intraperitoneal administration of D-galactose (150 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) for 8 weeks, and all rats were treated with puerarin (high dose 300 mg x kg(-1), middle dose 150 mg x kg(-1), low dose 75 mg x kg(-1)) for 6 weeks. The activity of aldose reductase in red blood cells, the amount of glycated products (fructosamine in serum, glycohaemoglobin, advanced glycation end-products) and AGEs in brain tissue, calcium ion in brain cells were measured. Moreover, mitochondria in brain hippocampus cells were observed under electronic microscope.

RESULTHigh dose and middle dose of puerarin can decrease the activity of aldose reductase in red blood cells (P < 0.01), and inhibit the formation of glycation products significantly in model rats induced by D-galactose (P < 0.01). Also, puerarin can decrease the content of AGEs in brain and the level of calcium ions in brain cells (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and decrease lesions degree in mitochondria in brain hippocampus cells.

CONCLUSIONPuerarin can produce the protective effects on glycated brain damages through inhibiting the glycation reaction in rats induced by D-galactose.

Aldehyde Reductase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; pathology ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Erythrocytes ; enzymology ; Female ; Fructosamine ; blood ; Galactose ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Glycated Hemoglobin A ; metabolism ; Glycation End Products, Advanced ; metabolism ; Hippocampus ; ultrastructure ; Isoflavones ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Male ; Mitochondria ; ultrastructure ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Pueraria ; chemistry ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To study the effect of physical activities and dietary intervention on metabolic syndrome (MS) in primary school students.Methods Either one-year physical activities (PA) or dietary intervention was conducted in Grade 1-5 children from eight primary schools in Haidian district,Beijing.A ‘happy 10 minutes' program was held in the PA group,while the dietary group receiving nutrition lectures.Baseline and post-intervention data on height,weight,waist circumference,serum lipids,glucose,and blood pressure were collected.Results The prevalence of MS at baseline was 9.0％.After intervention programs were carried out,improvements on triglyceride,high density lipoprotein,fasting blood glucose,diastolic blood pressure and waist circumference in the dietary group or PA group were seen,with the dietary group showed better effects than the PA group.The prevalence of MS decreased from 10.4％ to 4.6％ in the dietary group with statistically significant difference,while it increased in both the PA group and the control group.Girls showed better effects in the dietary group.Older students showed better effects than the younger students in the PA group.In non-overweight and overweight students of the dietary intervention group,the MS related components were significantly improved.Conclusion The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was relatively high in the primary school students in Beijing.Education on nutrition could reduce the prevalence and improve the related components,which seemed to be more effective than in the PA intervention.Sex,age and nutritional status were the confounding factors for intervention programs.

Objective To investigate influencing factors of the first cases of varicella outbreaks in primary school in Pudong New Area of Shanghai and to provide scientific evidence for effective prevention and control measures against it. Methods The first 80 cases of varicella outbreaks in primary school in Pudong New Area were included for the case-control study.Immunization history, outing activities and information of out-of-school training were gathered.Univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis were adopted for data analysis. Results Multivariate analysis revealed that varicella vaccination period(OR=0.08, 95%CI:0.01-0.44)was the protective factor for the first case in a varicella outbreak, while weekly frequency of visits to large commercial/supermarkets (OR=4.79, 95%CI:1.86-12.34)and weekly attendance at out-of-school training(OR=1.84, 95%CI:1.01-3.35)were risk factors of the disease. Conclusion It is important to promote the current varicella vaccine immunization strategy, to strengthen the disinfection and health education of large commercial/supermarkets and to strengthen infectious disease management, disease prevention guidance and supervision in out-of-school training institutions.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of alendronate for the treatment of osteoporosis/osteopenia secondary to hyperthyroidism.

METHODSFrom April 2008 to November 2009, 27 patients with hyperthyroidism with osteoporosis/ osteopenia measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were included in this study, and then they were randomly divided into two groups (group A and group B) by simple random sampling. Group A consisted of 14 patients treated with antithyroid drug and caltrate D, the antithyroid drug change with thyroid function, and caltrate D 600 mg per day. Group B consisted of 13 patients treated with antithyroid drug, caltrate D and alendronate, antithyroid drug and caltrate D the same as group A, and alendronate 70 mg weekly. Meanwhile, 21 healthy voluntary adults were chosen as control group. And compared with the control group which was treated with nothing. Followed-up for one year, the bone mineral density (including T-score, Z-score, BMD) in lumbar spine (LS), femoral neck (FN) and distal radius (DR) and general information, were compared before and after treatment.

RESULTSBMD at FN and DR were significantly higher at 12 months after treatment than at the baseline in group A (P = 0.000); T-score, Z-score, and BMD at the LS, FN and DR were all significantly higher at 12 months after treatment than at the baseline in group B (P < 0.05), but these data could not arrive to normal level. In group A, the percentage increased in BMD at the LS, FN, and DR were (4.34 +/- 10.5)%, (3.21 +/- 1.38)%, (1.95 +/- 0.44)%, respectively, at 12 months after treatment. In group B, the percentage increased in BMD at the LS, FN, and DR were (6.10 +/- 8.12)%, (4.10 +/- 5.64)%, (3.10 +/- 3.23)%, respectively, at 12 months after treatment. There was significant difference in the rate of increase between two groups (P < 0.05). AKP decreased, weight, BMI increased, and thyroid function decreased, after treatment than those before in both of the two groups. (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAlendronate can significantly increase BMD in treating patients with hyperthyroidism and osteoporosis/osteopenia. Compared with anti-thyroid drugs alone, treatment with alendronate can obtain more clinical effect and also very safety.

Adult ; Alendronate ; therapeutic use ; Bone Density ; Bone Density Conservation Agents ; therapeutic use ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism ; complications ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporosis ; drug therapy ; etiology

Objective To develop a new isotope dilution gas chromatography mass spectrometry method (ID/GC/MS) for the measurement of serum cholesterol.Methods Serum was mixed with an isotope labeled internal standard ([3,4-~(13)C]-cholesterol) and treated with alcoholic sodium hydroxide to hydrolyze cholesterol ester to cholesterol.Cholesterol and internal standard was extracted and derived by N, O-Bis(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide to trimethylsilyl ethers.The derivation products were analyzed by capillary column GC combined with electron impact MS using scan and selected ion monitor (SIM) modes. Signals of cholesterol internal standard were corrected for the contributions from cholesterol and the signal ratio of cholesterol to internal standard for the calibrators were linearly regressed against cholesterol concentrations.The resulted regression equation was used for the calculation of serum cholesterol concentrations.Results The new ID/GC/MS method showed a mean within-run coefficient variance (CV) of 0.04%-0.81%.Comparison with two levels of standard reference material (SRM1951a) of National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) displayed a bias of 0.19% and 0.90% respectively.Conclusion A time-gaining ID/MS method has been established that is highly precise and accurate and can be used for the measurement of serum cholesterol.

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was used for analysis of the distribution of S,Mn,Fe,Cr,Mo,Si,Al in a 34CrNiMo6 steel sample cut from a main shaft of wind driven generator.The MnS inclusion area in each ablation craters cover zone was extracted in the way of comparing the metallograph captured by optical microscopy before and after LIBS scanning ablation.The statistic relation between MnS inclusion area and signal intensity of S and Mn was analyzed.The result showed that the abnormal signal of S and Mn occurred at the same position with the existence of MnS inclusion,and their signal intensity showed linear relationship.The abnormal signal of S and Mn were triggered mainly by MnS inclusion.The statistic result also showed linear relationship between signal intensity and MnS inclusion area both for S and Mn.It was possible to determine the inclusion type,size and distribution by analyzing abnormal signal.A simplified ablation model was established to calculate the relation of S and Mn content to MnS inclusion area.The arithmetic result showed a linear relation between the content and MnS inclusion area both for S and Mn.The calculation confirmed the linear relationship between signal intensity and inclusion area observed in experiment.The linear relationship could be interfered by macro-segregation,micro-segregation,deviation in measuring inclusion area,and inclusion spatter in pre-ablation.