Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) may result in neurovascular unit (NVU) injury,causing cognitive impairment.The NVU consists of neurons,glial cells,vascular cells and extracellular matrix.The damage of NVU can induce the blood-brain barrier dysfunction,abnormal cell signaling,as well as cognitive impairment.However,its molecular mechanism is unclear.Thus,investigating the role of NUV in CCH-induced cognitive impairment may provide a theoretical basis for the novel treatment of cognitive impairment.

12.Meanwhile 10 healthy elderly subjects of similar age and gender ratio were matched as controls.There was no significant difference of age,gender,education,onset duration and MMSE.Attention task was carded out with silent color-word task:all participants pressed the left or right button to select the answer of congruence or incongruence when color nouns in red,green,blue or yellow ink appearing on the left part of screen and a target color appearing on the right part of the screen by.During the tasks,reaction time,false ratio,missing ratio and fMRI image acquisition was respectively recorded,which were later analyzed on SPSS 11.0 statistical parametric mapping software 2 (SPM2) respectively.Results The reaction time in dAD,AD and control group were (2214.4?1071),(2020.6?558.3) and (840.0?254.5) ms respectively.The false ratio were 8.3%,6.9% and 0.7% respectively,and the omit ratio were 3.6%, 2.9% and 0 respectively.Either AD with or without depression was slower than the controls in reaction time (P

BACKGROUND: The commonly used culture methods for primary intervertebral disc cells are type Ⅱcol agenase alone digestion method, and type Ⅱ col agenase combined trypin digestion method. However, the acquired cells are few. OBJECTIVE: To acquire nucleus pulposus cells from human degenerative intervertebral disc using a systemic and simplified method. METHODS: Nucleus pulposus cells were isolated and cultured. The morphology of nucleus pulposus cells was observed under inverted phase contrast microscope every day. Primary and subcultured cellsuspension was applied for the determination of cel viability using trypan blue staining. The cel growth was detected with MTT assay. The cel morphology was observed under laser confocal microscopy. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Nucleus pulposus cells were successful y isolated from from human degenerative intervertebral disc using the improved method, and cells were subcultured to passage 3. Primary cells were fusiform shaped, while cells at passage 1 and 2 were triangle or polygonal, which were similar to fibroblasts. When cells almost reached the confluence, the cells showed slabstone-like appearance. Trypan blue staining showed that, the primary cel viability was 99%, and passage 3 cells had 93%-95% viability. The proliferation of nucleus pulposus cells gradual y decreased as the generation increased. Compared with passage 1 cells, passage 2 and 3 cells at logarithmic phase trended to be smoother. The cel morphology observed under laser confocal microscopy was similar to the results under phase contrast microscope. The improved simple method can successful y acquire a variety of cells from human degenerative intervertebral disc, and these cells show fine biological properties.

ObjectiveToevaluatelaparoscopiccholecystectomy(LC)versusopen cholecystectomy (OC) in compensated cirrhotics and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score and Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP)classification in predicting perioperative morbidity.MethodsBetween January 1998 and June 2011,128 cirrhotic patients of symptomatic innocuous gallbladder disease at CPT class A or B liver function were prospectively and randomly divided into LC group (64 patients) and OC group (64 patients ). Data were analyzed by T test, Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson x2 test.ResultsThere was no statistical differences in operation time between the two groups ( t =1.761,P =0.081 ).The intraoperative blood loss ＞ 200 ml occurred in 15 ( 26％ ) LC patients and 35 ( 55％ ) OC patients ( x2 =4.467,P =0.035 ).LC patients had earlier up and about,earlier oral intake,short hospital stay ( t =5.424,t =8.573,t =15.634; P =0.000,respectively) and lower complication rate [ CTP:24％ (14/58) vs 38％ (24/64),x2 =4.582,P =0.032; MELD scores 21％ (12/58) vs 34％ (22/64),x2 =4.238,P =0.040] compared with OC patients.LC patients' VAS- fatigue and VAS-pain scores on first 3 days were lower than OC according to the VAS (visual analogue scale) (Mann-Whitney U =473.0,MannWhitney =6.0,Mann-Whitney =22.5,Mann-Whitney =24.0,Mann-Whitney =46.0; P =0.000,respectively),and the VRS-cosmetic score was higher in LC group than in the OC group according to the VRS ( verbal rating scale) ( Mann-Whitney =145.0,P =0.000).MELD score ＞ 14 predicted higher blood loss and complication rate regardless of LC or OC,while CPT classification did not seem to predict intraoperative bleeding volume and morbidity.ConclusionsLC can be performed safely in cirrhotic patients with CPT class A and B.LC has less,blood loss lower postoperative complication rate,and quicker postoperative recovery.MELD score system is more valuable than CPT classification system in predicting blood loss and postoperative complication rate in cirrhotics undergoing cholecystectomy.

AIM: To explore the clinical effects of high frequency electrical capsulotomy in maturation period cataract surgery.
●METHODS: A total of 68 cases of maturation period cataract were selected and underwent the surgery of continuous circular capsulorhexis using the high frequency electrical capsulotomy.
●RESULTS: The success rate was 91% in 68 cases with the high frequency electrical capsulotomy.
● CONCLUSION: The high frequency electrical capsulotomy in maturation period cataract surgery has significant advantages and brilliant clinical values.

Objective To investigate the phenotypes and expression of activated T-cell membrane molecules on lymphocytes in the peripheral blood(PB) of children with aplastic anemia (AA) and find out its clinical significance.Methods The lymphocytes from PB of the 115 AA patients were analyzed by flow cytometry and compared with normal group.Results The expression of CD8+ increased and the expression of CD4+ decreased. The ratio of CD4/CD8 cells decreased ,and was more significant in the patients with serious AA(SAA). The expression of HLA-DR and ??T-cell also increased, and was more significant in SAA patients. The expression of CD3+ was not significantly changed.Conclusions There is significant immune abnormal in AA patients and more important in SAA patients. The immunosuppressant is useful in clinical treatment.

Objective To value the clinical application of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in cerebral diseases. Methods Six volunteers and 6 patients (including 3 patients with ischemic stroke and 3 patients with glioma) were examined by DTI and T1weighted, T2weighted MR scan. All data were processed with DtiStudio software to show the white matter fiber tracts. The fractional anisotropy (FA) of the diffusion tensor were measured between the affected and the unaffected side. Results The white matter fiber tract could be observed clearly on the FA map. The pyramidal tract with different degree disruption could be showed in 3 patients with ischemic stroke. Compression, displacement, infiltration or destruction of pyramidal tract, corpus callosum or internal capsule and external capsule could be seen in 3 patients with glioma, and FA was significantly reduced on the affected side as compared to the unaffected side. Conclusion Diffusion tensor imaging is useful in observing the damage and displacement of the white matter fiber tracts in vivo, beneficial to the surgical plan for patients and prognosing recovery of function.

Objective To explore the changes and clinical significance of prothrombin time(PT),activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),thrombin time(TT),fibrinogen time(FGB)and platelet(PLT)on Kawasaki disease(KD)in children with acute and convalescent 10 d,which aimed at early diagnosis,prediction and prognosis of coronary artery lesions.Methods Thirty-eight cases who were diagnosed KD were selected as KD group,30 cases age-matched acute respiratory infections in children with fever as fever group,moreover,30 cases of a class of elective surgery preoperative children admitted to surgical departments were put as control group.The plasma PT,APTT,TT,FGB,PLT of all cases and plasma APTT,FGB,PLT in recovery 10 d in children with KD disease were detected,and then the results were compared between the 3 groups;and the results of APTT,FGB,PLT in KD children with acute and convalescent 10 d to coronary artery dilatation groups or not were compared.Results 1.APTT prolonged and FGB,PLT increased in KD children with acute stage,which had a significant difference compared with other groups(Pa0.05).2.When comparing the results of APTT,FGB,PLT in KD children with acute and convalescent 10 d,the difference was significant(Pa

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of Xiaoruzeng capsule on the gastric acid and pepsin in rats. METHODS:Rats were randomized into a blank group (distilled water),a positive control group (3.6 mg/kg omeprazole ) and the groups of low, middle and high doses of Xiaoruzeng capsule [2.25,4.5,9.1 g(crude drug)/kg]. These groups were respectively marked as groups A,B,C,D and E,with 10 rats in each group. All the rats were given corresponding drugs,ig,for consecutive 10 d. Their suc-cus gastricus was collected 3 h after the last administration,and determined for pH value with precision pH test strip and for free acidity and total acidity by acid-base neutralization titration method. The content and activity of pepsin were determined and calculat-ed with the test kit and microplate reader. The pathological change of the stomach was observed under the electron microscope. RE-SULTS:Compared with group A,groups B,C and D had higher pH value of succus gastricus;groups C,D and E had lower free acidity;groups B,C and D had lower total acidity,group E had higher total acidity;groups B,D and E had lower activity of pep-sin;and group C had higher content of pepsin. Compared with group B,group D had lower pH value of succus gastricus;group C had lower total acidity;group E had higher acidity;and groups C,D and E had higher activity of pepsin. There was statistical sig-nificance(P<0.01 or P<0.05). Gastric mucosal erosive haemorrhage was noted in three rats in group E,and other groups demon-strated no obvious pathological change. CONCLUSIONS:Low dose of Xiaoruzeng capsule can slightly inhibit the gastric acid in rats,but will not effect the activity of pepsin.

Objective To explore the value of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in combination with susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) in prognosis prediction of traumatic axonal injury (TAI).Methods A retrospective study of 75 patients with TAI was performed to analyze the clinical data and the follow-up prognosis in the 6 months after injury.The detection rate of TAI lesion by DWI,SWI and conventional MRI was compared.Multiple factors analysis applied logistic regression analysis to analyze the relationship between associated factors and prognosis.Results The average detected TAI lesions were (19.92 ± 8.62) by DWI and (22.17 ± 11.72) by SWI,which had no significant differences (t=1.24,P＞0.05),but there was a significant difference bettween by conventional MRI and by DWI or SWI (all P＜0.05).DWI was more sensitive to non-hemorrhagic lesions and SWI was more sensitive to hemorrhagic lesions.However,the lesions revealed by them existed the overlap of location and pathology of lesions.Patients with poor outcomes had more number of central lesions than those patient with good outcomes (t=2.455,P＜ 0.05).Logistic regression analysis revealed that the predictive accuracy provided by the combination with imaging and clinical factors was 95.7 ％.Conclusions DWI and SWI both are sensitive to TAI lesions,and have ability to detect the lesions with different pathological characteristics,separately.Accurate prognosis prediction for patients with TAI may be provided by the combination of clinical and imaging factors.