Objective To study the effects of continuous oxygenated blood microperfusion on rat hearts preservation.Methods Forty-five Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups.The isolated rat hearts were continuously microperfused with oxygenated blood at 4℃in experimental group,those in control group microperfused with St.Thomas solution and those in solution group were preserved with St.Thomas solution.After preservation the hemodynamic indexes of rat hearts were measured using Langendorff system,including the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP),the left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP),the left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and the rate of the left ventricular pressure change (?dp/dt),then the contents of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and myoeardium ul- trastructures were observed under an electric microscope.Results After 30 min perfusion of Langen- dorff system,the LVSP,LVDP and?dp/dt were (38,25?3.84) mm Hg,(32.54?4.01) mm Hg and (1080?123) mm Hg/s respectively in experimental group;(34.48?4.68) mm Hg,(19.27?4.63) mm Hg and (935?196) mm Hg/s respectively in control group;(32.14?4.95) mm Hg, (16.99?4.85) mm Hg and (825?302) mm Hg/s respectively in solution group.The hemodynamic indexes in experimental group were superior to those in control group and solution group (P

Objective To investigate the expression of caspase-10 in differentiated thyroid carcinoma and association with its development and metastasis. Methods Thyroid samples from 37 patients in a period from January 2006 to December 2007, with differentiated thyroid carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed for caspase-10 by immunohistocbemistry(streptavidin-perosidase, S-P), compared to control group of 46 cases with nodtdar goiter. The relationship between the expression of caspase-10 and the clinical pathologic characteristics of thyroid carcinoma were also explored simultaneously. Results caspase-10 were observed as brown or yellow particles located in the cytoplasm or cell membrane of nodular goiter but there were no significant evidence for its positive expression in thyroid carcinoma, caspase-10 expression was markedly down-regulated in differentiated thyroid carcinoma(29.73%,11/37) compared with benign nodules(71.74%,33/46, χ2=14.528, P<0.01). The positive expression in 18 cases with lymph node metastasis(11.11%,2/18) was significantly lower than those in 19 patients without lymph node metastasis(47.37%,9/19; χ2=4.210, P<0.01). There was no significant correlation(P> 0.05) between the expression of caspase-10 and the clinical pathologic characteristics including male, age, TNM stage and pathologic type. Conclusion Down-regulation of caspase-10 may play a critical role in carcinogenesis and development of differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Gastritis, Atrophic ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Gastroscopy ; methods ; standards ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Specimen Handling ; methods ; Tissue Embedding ; methods

To study the effect of Fuzheng Huayu recipe (FZHY) on five types of isozymes of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) of normal and liver fibrosis rats by using the cocktail probe method. Dimethylnitrosamine ( DMN) was injected to induce the liver fibrosis model. After the tail vein injection with Cocktail probe solutions prepared with five CYP450s probe substrates (phenacetin-CYP1A2, omeprazole-CYP2C9, tolbutamide-CYP2C19, dextromethorphan-CYP2D6, midazolam-CYP3A4), the plasma concentrations of the five probe substrates were determined by LC-MS/MS, and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by PK solutions 2. After the oral administration with FZHY, normal rats given phenacetin, omeprazole, tolbutamide and dextromethorphan showed increase in AUC(0-t) and decrease in CL to varying degrees, indicating that FZHY obviously inhibited the activities of CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 in normal rats, but with no obvious effect on the activity of CYP3A4. After the oral administration with FZHY, liver fibrosis rats treated with CYP2C9 showed the significant increase in AUC(0-t) and significant decrease in Vd, hut with no obvious changes in the pharmacokinetic parameters of other four types of prove substances, suggesting that FZHY could significantly inhibit the activity of CYP2C9 in rats but had no effect on the activities of CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4. The changes in the activity of CYP450 isozymes in liver fibrosis rats may be the reason for FZHY's different effects on CYP450 isozymes in normal and liver fibrosis rats.
Animals ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ; genetics ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Isoenzymes ; genetics ; metabolism ; Liver Cirrhosis ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; genetics ; Male ; Mass Spectrometry ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

AIMTo explore the causes of the difference in spermatogenic suppression between responders and non-responders in Chinese men treated with levonorgestrel (LNG) implants plus testosterone undecanoate (TU) injectable.

METHODSThe 16 Chinese volunteers treated were divided into two groups in regard to the sperm count during the treatment period, 7 men in the responder group (Group R), including 6 azoospermia and one severe oligozoospermia, and the remaining 9 in the non-responder group (Group N), including 4 oligozoospermia and 5 with sperm counts greater than 20 x 10(6)/mL. The differences in serum profiles of FSH, LH, T, LNG and T/LH ratio were compared between the two groups and the correlation between the seminal fluid parameters and serum reproductive hormones was analyzed.

RESULTSThe serum FSH level was lower in Group R than that in Group N (P<0.05), while the serum LH and LNG levels were higher in Group R than those in Group N (P<0.05). The sperm density (P<0.01, r=0.235), motility(P<0.01, r=0.326) and vitality (P<0.01, r=0.219) showed significantly positive correlation with the serum FSH level.

CONCLUSIONThe blood LNG and T levels, the degree of FSH inhibition and/or the sensitivity of the pituitary-testis axis to exogenous steroids, as well as the individual spermatogenetic potential and the functional status of the Leydig cells may be factors bringing about individual differences in spermatogenic suppression in Chinese men treated with LNG and TU.

Adult ; Contraceptive Agents, Male ; administration & dosage ; Drug Implants ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; blood ; Humans ; Injections ; Levonorgestrel ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Leydig Cells ; physiology ; Luteinizing Hormone ; blood ; Male ; Sperm Count ; Spermatogenesis ; drug effects ; Testosterone ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; blood

Objective To learn the prevalence and trends of Brucella disease in Ningxia, in order to provide scientific basis for effective control of the disease. Methods Data of Brucella cases reported through city network from 2004 to 2009 in Yinchuan city, Shizuishan city, Wuzhong city, Guyuan city and Zhongwei city of Ningxia were reviewed and retrospectively analyzed. The data included demographic characteristics, treatment conditions and medical history so on related information. Analytical indicators include reported incidence;with patients' gender, age, regional distribution, urban and rural distribution;become chronic and associated factors;distribution of the cases reporting unit and so on. Results From 2004 to 2009, Ningxia had reported 349 cases of Brucellosis, no deaths, the annual incidence rates reported were 0.017/10 million, 0.543/10 million, 0.151/101 (295/54);The proportion of 34- to 40-year-old age group was higher than other age groups(27.5%, 96/349);Occupational distribution of patients was mainly farmers and herdsmen(70.2% ,245/349), in regional distribution of the patients, the highest percentage was Wuzhong city(61.9%,216/349), followed by Yinchuan city(22.9%,80/349);The proportion of patients in rural areas(97.4% ,340/349) was higher than urban(2.6% ,9/349);the proportion of patients converted to chronic was 11.2% (39/349). With age, the chance of patients converted to chronic was in a decreasing trend(odds ratio was 0.966);cases reported by Centre for Disease Control and Prevention accounted for 74.8%(261/349), by hospital accounted for 25.2%(88/349). Conclusions The reported incidence of Brucellosis in Ningxia is in a rapid upward trend year by year, the patients is mainly young men, the rate of converted to chronic is higher and the ability of hospital in founding and reporting of the cases is weaker.Comprehensive measures should be taken to increase funding, strengthen monitoring, and continuously improve the level of awareness and diagnosis of medical personnel for further strengthen the prevention and control of Brucellosis.

BACKGROUNDDifficult airway remains not only a challenge to the anesthesiologists, but also a life-threatening event to the patients. Awake intubation is the principal choice to deal with difficult airway, and a key point for awake intubation is airway topical anesthesia. Yet, so far there is no ideal topical anesthesia approach for awake intubation. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of pressure-driven (by 10 L/min oxygen flow) lidocaine spray on airway topical anesthesia in order to find a powerful and convenient method for airway topical anesthesia for conscious sedation intubation.

METHODSThirty adult patients referred for elective surgery under general anesthesia, aged 18 - C60 years and Mallampati class I or II, were recruited for the study. Before topical anesthesia, the observer's assessment of alert and sedation (OAA/S) scale was controlled between 3 and 4 by intravenous midazolam (0.03 mg/kg), propofol (2 mg×kg(-1)×h(-1)) and remifentanil (0.05 µg×kg(-1)×min(-1)). Ten minutes after sedation, topical anesthesia was performed with the pressure-driven lidocaine spray; the driving pressure was achieved by an oxygen flow of 10 L/min. After topical anesthesia, tracheal intubation was performed and the intubation condition was assessed with modified the Erhan's intubation condition score by an experienced anesthesiologist, and a score of less than 10 was considered to be satisfactory. Attempts to intubate the patient were recorded, and the complications such as local anesthetic toxicity, mucosa injury, and respiration depression were also recorded. The mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) were recorded at different time points before and after intubation. Patients were asked 24 hours after the operation whether they could recall the events during intubation.

RESULTSAll patients were intubated at the first attempt, the average intubation condition score was 7.0 ± 1.1, from 6 to 10, satisfied intubation condition. MAP and HR increased significantly but mildly immediately after the tracheal intubation (P < 0.05), and decreased to the pre-intubation level soon after intubation. There were no related complications and patients had no recall of the intubation procedures.

CONCLUSIONSTopical anesthesia with pressure driven 2% lidocaine spray, where pressure is achieved by 10 L/min oxygen flow, can offer satisfactory intubation conditions for conscious sedation intubation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anesthesia, Local ; methods ; Conscious Sedation ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; methods ; Lidocaine ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Objective To explore link of change of plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) and atrial fibrillation (AF). Method The hsCRP enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods were used to measure plasma CRP levels in 21 patients with lone paroxysmal AF (LPAF) during AF and 7 days after return to sinus rhythm ;28 patients with lone sustained atrial fibrillation(LSAF) and 27 patients with rheumatic heart disease and chronic AF(RHD).Levels of plasma CRP were compared to levels in 32 patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia(PSVT) and 20 voluntary healthy subjects. Results Patients with LPAF,LPAF and RHD had high levels of CRP when compared with PSVT and the healthy subjects.No significant changes of CRP levels were found between the onset AF patients and those after 7 days of recovery.Patients with lone persistent AF and rheumatic heart disease with persistent AF had higher levels of CRP than those with LPAF,but have no significance.There were positive correlation between the duration of AF and the levels of CRP.But there were no relation with left atrial size on echocardiography,sex and ages. Conclusion These results indicate that elevated CRP levels in AF patients may play an important role in the occurrence and sustainment of AF.

Adult ; Exons ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Gene Deletion ; Humans ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; genetics ; metabolism