To study the chemical constituents of the methanol portion of the stem of Illicium henryi. The methanol portion was isolated and purified by HP-20, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and preparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by MS and spectral data(1H, 13C-NMR). Five compounds were isolated from the methanol portion and identified as benzyloxy-1-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1), 4-hydroxy-phenethyl alcohol-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), 3-methoxyl-4-hydroxyl-phenpropanol-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3), 3-methoxyl-4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy-benzoic acid methyl ester (4), and 4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy-benzoic acid methyl ester (5). All compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Illicium ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

To study the chemical constituents from the roots of Chirita longgangensis var. hongyao. The methanol extract was isolated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and preparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by MS and spectral data (1H, 13C-NMR). Seven compounds were isolated and identified as plantainoside A (1), plantainoside B (2), calcedarioside C (3), calcedarioside D (4), platyphylloside (5), hirsutanonol (6), and hirsutanonol-5-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (7). Compounds 5-7 were isolated for the first time from the family Gesneriaceae.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Organic Chemicals ; analysis ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Tracheophyta ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the applicability of immune-related response criteria (irRC) in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by Chinese medicine (CM).

METHODSTotally 97 stage III a-IV NSCLC patients were predominantly treated with comprehensive CM. Curative effects were evaluated by three methods such as Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST), Oncologic Curative Effect Evaluation Criteria of Chinese Medicine in Solid Tumor (draft, abbreviated as CM criteria), and irRC. The correspondency and consistency between irRC, RECIST and CM criteria were analyzed and compared. The objectivity of irRC in evaluating curative effect of Chinese medical treatment for NSCLC was assessed.

RESULTSThe correspondency rate of irRC to RECIST was 59. 79% with Kappa value of 0. 379 (U test, P <0. 01). The two criteria had certain correspondence, but with an unsatisfactory consistency. The correspondency rate of irRC to CM criteria rate was 83. 51% with Kappa value of 0.751 (U test, P <0. 01). The two criteria had good correspondence and consistency.

CONCLUSIONSCM criteria had good consistency with CM criteria in evaluating curative effect for Chinese medical treatment of advanced NSCLC. Its results could objectively reflect features and advantages of CM for treating advanced NSCLC.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To explore the effect of vascular endothelial growth factor antisense oligonucleotides(AS-VEGF)on HL60 cell and HL60/VCR multidrug resistance cell and analyze the function of P-gp and the expression of related multidrug resistance genes including Bcl-2,Mcl-1,MDR1,MRP,GST?,TopoⅡ? and TopoⅡ?.Methods A vector AS-VEGF which expressed in eukaryotic cell was established,then transfected the vector into HL60 and HL60/VCR by limposome transfection technology,observed and drew the growth curve by Tapanlan taining,RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of Bcl-2,Mcl-1,MDR1,MRP,GST?,TopoⅡ? and TopoⅡ? in mRNA level after transfected 24 h and 48 h.Western Blot was used to detect the expression of P-gp in proteinum level after transfected 24 h and 48 h.Results The growth of HL60 and HL60/VCR was inhibited by AS-VEGF(1.25 mmol/L).Between HL60 and HL60/VCR,AS-VEGF decreased the expression of MDR1,MRP,GST? and TopoⅡ? but could not influence the expression of Bcl-2,Mcl-1 and TopoⅡ?,and the expression of P-gp was also obviously decreased in 48 h compared with that in 24 h.Conclusions AS-VEGF can inhibite the growth of HL60 and HL60/VCR and reverse multidrug resistance by changing cell microenvironment and the cell membrane correlated protein transportating channel,reduce the cell disintoxicating and the self-repair ability.

Objective: To understand the relationship between mental health status and vision-related quality of life( VRQL ) of students with moderate and high myopia, and to provide basis for the optimization of VRQL. Methods: Using convenient sampling method, the 8-18 years old students with moderate and high myopia were selected from Sichuan, Chongqing and Zhejiang. The mental health status and VRQL of students with moderate and high myopia were evaluated with Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Quality of Life Scale for Ametropia. The multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for VRQL. Results: A total of 360 questionnaires were sent out and 354 were effectively recovered, with an effective rate of 98.33%. There were 116 ( 32.77% ) boys and 238 ( 67.23% ) girls; the median age was 16.65 years old. There were 211 ( 59.60% ) cases of moderate myopia and 143 (40.40%) cases of high myopia.There were 141 ( 39.83% ) found to be anxious and 176 ( 49.72% ) depressed. The median score of Quality of Life Scale for Ametropia was 64. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that sex ( β＇= -0.179 ), diopter ( β＇= 0.208 ), eyesight with glasses ( β＇= -0.229 ) and anxiety ( β＇= 0.439 ) were influencing factors for VRQL. Conclusion The mental health problems of the students with medium and high myopia are prominent; anxiety has a significant impact on the VRQL of the students.

OBJECTIVETo explore the role of spinal MAPK-ERK signal pathway in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury.

METHODSSixty male Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats (80-100 g) were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham (n=10), PD98059 (n=25) and I/R groups (n=25). Three days after successful intrathecal implantation, 5 μg DMSO was injected intrathecally into the sham group, and then the left coronary arteries were separated without being tied. Rats in the I/R and PD98059 groups were injected with 5 μL DMSO and PD98059 (5 μg) 30 minutes before thoractomy respectively. Then the left coronary artery was tied for 30 minutes followed by 120 minutes of reperfusion. After the experiments, the ERK phosphorylation condition of T1-T4 spinal cord segments was detected with immunofluorescence; the myocardiac apoptosic index and infarct size were measured.

RESULTSExpression of p-ERK in the I/R group was significantly higher than in the sham and PD98059 groups (P<0.05). Myocardial apoptotic index and infarct size in the PD98059 group were significantly lower than in the I/R group (P<0.05), but higher in the PD98059 group than in the sham group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe MAPK-ERK pathway in the superior thorathic spinal cord can be activated by myocardial ischemia-reperfusion and inhibition of the pathway can play a protective role in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; physiology ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; drug therapy ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; etiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; Spinal Cord ; physiology

Objective To apply Estimation and Projection Package (EPP) and Spectrum models for the estimation and projection on HIV/AIDS epidemics in areas with relatively low HIV/AIDS prevalence in China,and to explore the influences of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on the outputs of the models.Methods Taizhou prefecture in Zhejiang province was selected as the study site.Social and demographic data as well as all the information on HIV/AIDS epidemics in Taizhou prefecture were collected,managed,input to EPP and Spectrum models to estimate and project the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Taizhou prefecture.Impact of ART on the HIV/AIDS epidemic was also assessed.Results According to the estimates from both EPP and Spectrum model,the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Taizhou prefecture was at a relatively low level.HIV prevalence rates among men having sex with men (MSM) and injection drug users (IDU) were relatively high and rapidly increasing.It was estimated that 1773 (1384-2449) people were living with HIV in 2010 in Taizhou prefecture,with an overall HIV prevalence of 0.03％ (0.02％-0.04％).ART had reduced and would continue to reduce new HIV infections and AIDS deaths,but had no significant impact on the overall HIV prevalence and the numbers of people living with HIV and adults who were in need of ART.Conclusion EPP and Spectrum models seemed to be suitable and useful tools for estimation and projection on HIV/AIDS in Taizhou prefecture,and the results could provide reference for the further studies in other areas with a relatively low epidemic level of HIV/AIDS.ART appeared effective for HIV/AIDS prevention and control.

Objective To understand the risk behavioral networks of newly reported HIV infections in Taizhou prefecture, Zhejiang province. Methods Newly reported HIV infections from May 2008 through March 2010 in Taizhou prefecture were invited to participate in a cross-sectional survey which requested numbers and contact information of individuals with whom they had had high risk contacts as well as risk behavioral acts with them. Persons having had risky contacts with HIV-infected cases were thereof approached to participate in this survey and to receive HIV testing.Those who tested positive for HIV were subject to further round of the surveys. Results A total of 267 HIV cases were newly reported during this study period. Among them, 191 participated in the survey and served as 'index cases', including 158 cases identified from routine HIV surveillance programs and 33 cases identified from the present survey. Heterosexual transmission was the primary transmission route (74.9%, or 143/191 ), followed by homosexual transmission ( 19.4%, or 37/191 )and injection drug use (5.8%, or 11/191 ). These 191 HIV cases reported a total of 1152 individuals with whom they had had risky contacts. They were able to provide contact information of 461 risk contacts. Of them, 129 received HIV testing and 61 (47.3%) tested positive for HIV. HIV prevalence was the highest among spouses or long-term sex partners of HIV cases (45.6%, or 47/103) and malesex partners of HIV-infected men having sex with men (MSM) (60.0%, or 12/20). Condom use wasvery low among them, with only 33.9% consistently using condoms for sex. Conclusion Newlyreported HIV infections in Taizhou prefecture reported a large and complicated risk behavioral networks and low condom use, suggesting a potential risk of HIV among these connected people,especially among MSM. Much efforts are needed to intervene these high risk subgroups and high risk behavioral networks.

AIMTo investigate the differences of membrane capacitance, membrane current, current density and I-V curves between smooth muscle cells isolated from RHR and NTR pulmonary arteries.

METHODSUnder antiseptic conditions, the left renal artery was exposed through a retroperitoneal flank incision and carefully dissected free of the left renal vein. A silver clip with an internal diameter of 0.2-0.3 mm was placed around the left renal artery, resulting in partial occlusion of renal perfusion. SBP was observed by tail blood pressure. Whole cell recordings were made from smooth muscle cells freshly isolated from pulmonary arteries derived from RHR or NTR.

RESULTSThe average membrane capacitance was (3.43 +/- 1.16) pF, decreased by 31.1%; membrane current was (0.54 +/- 0.26) nA, decreased by 68.2%; current density was (180 +/- 90) pA/pF, decreased by 48.6%; membrane potential was (-26.96 +/- 7.23) mV, decreased by 2.5%, all compared with that of NTR respectively. Iptakalim hydrochloride at the concentration of 0.1-100 micromol/L can significantly increased NTR potassium currents. Iptakalim hydrochloride 1-100 micromol/L can significantly increased RHR potassium currents.

CONCLUSIONMembrane capacitance, membrane current, membrane potential were decreased, I-V curves were shift downward, compared with that of NTR. Iptakalim hydrochloride might significantly increase NTR and RHR potassium currents.

Animals ; Hypertension, Renal ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Membrane Potentials ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; metabolism ; physiology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; metabolism ; physiology ; Potassium Channels ; metabolism ; physiology ; Pulmonary Artery ; cytology ; metabolism ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

ObjectiveTo study an application of a method of improving the quality of sampling in review to determine the light areas of endemic fluorosis(referred to as endemic fluorosis) in quality control. Methods Of 15 light endemic fluorosis township(town), six were randomly sampled, and the prevalence of dental fluorosis in 22 village primary school children aged 8 to 12 were reviewed to determine the improved quality of sampling in Xuyong county Sichuan province. ResultsSix townships(towns) were selected by simple random sampling from 15 endemic fluorosis townships(towns) for review inspection in Xuyong country. A total of 22 villages were verified, accounting for 22.7％ of the total 97 villages verified. Of the 416 children for review inspection of dental fluorosis, 383 children were positive. The consistent rate of children' s dental fluorosis was 92.07％, and the verification to be slight villages was up to 21 endemic villages, accounting for 95.45％. ConclusionsThe application of a method of improving the quality of sampling can improve the efficiency of quality control, and improve the accuracy. It is a novel quality control method.