Angiomyoma ; pathology ; Ear Auricle ; pathology ; Ear Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Free running EMG and stimulus triggered EMG, including time, frequency, amplitude, muscle group were observed and recorded simultaneously. Never root functional injury and restoration after surgery were detected.RESULTS: 378 pedicle screws in 74 patients were monitored intraoperatively, and only 3 pedicle screw malposition (2 of L_4, 1 of L_5) was detected and then replaced with the help of C-arm fluoroscopic examination. Myoelectricity appeared when the current intensity was less than 10 mA. The correct rate of implantation was 99.2%. Nerve root impingement was found in two cases during laminectomy for L_5 and S_1 decompression and never root solution, which alerted the surgical team of critical neural structures. Nerve symptoms of the lower limb were aggravated after surgery and restored following 2-4 weeks of conventional treatment. The error injury rate of nerve root was 2.7%. In all reported cases, no irreversible neurological deficit was observed 2-4 weeks after operation.CONCLUSION: Intraoperative EMG monitoring can find improperly placed screws and detect impending nerve root injury promptly. Combined EMG and 3-D imaging modality monitoring is a reliable and practicable method that can be used to protect neural structures during complex lumbosacral surgery.

Objective: To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on cognitive function in D-galactose (D-gal)-induced aging rats, and the correlation between the effect and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)-ASC-Caspase-1 signaling pathway. Methods: Forty-six male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a control group (n=10), a model group (n=12), an EA-7 d group (n=12) and an EA-21 d group (n=12). Except the control group, the other three groups received 42 consecutive days of intraperitoneal injection of D-gal to establish aging rat models with cognitive dysfunction. The control group received the same amount of normal saline via intraperitoneal injection. Two EA groups were given EA therapy for 21 consecutive days (began from the 22nd day of modeling) or 7 consecutive days (began from the 36th day of modeling) accordingly at Dazhui (GV 14), Baihui (GV 20), Shenshu (BL 23) and Zusanli (ST 36). After modeling/ intervention, all four groups received behavioral evaluations by Morris water maze (MWM) test, novel object recognition (NOR) test and step-down passive avoidance (SDPA) test followed by the Western blot (WB) detection of the expression levels of hippocampal NLRP3 inflammasome-associated proteins NLRP3, ASC and Caspase-1. Results: MWM (place navigation test, PNT) results showed that the escape latency in the model group was significantly longer than that in the other three groups (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference among the other three groups on the 1st day of the test (P>0.05). From the 2nd day to the 4th day of the test, there was no significant difference between the EA-21 d group and the control group (P>0.05) in the escape latency; the escape latency was significantly shorter in the EA-21 d group than in the model group and the EA-7 d group (P<0.05). MWM (spatial probe test, SPT) results showed that the time spent in the target quadrant was significantly shorter and platform crossover number was significantly lower in the model group than in the other three groups (P<0.05). The time spent in the target quadrant was longer in the EA-7 d group than in the model group (P<0.05), but was shorter than that in the control group and the EA-21 d group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the swimming speed among the four groups (P>0.05). NOR results showed that there was no significant difference in the recognition ratio between the EA-7 d group and the EA-21 d group (P>0.05), and the recognition ratio was significantly higher in the two EA groups than in the model group (P<0.05), but was lower than in the control group (P<0.05). SDPA results showed that the electric shock number was higher in the model group than in the other three groups (P<0.05), and the differences among the other three groups were statistically insignificant (P>0.05). The model group had the shortest step-down latency, followed by the EA-7 d group, the EA-21 d group and the control group in order (P<0.05). The WB results indicated that the expression level of NLRP3 was significantly lower in the control group and the EA-21 d group than in the model group and the EA-7 d group (P<0.05). The expression levels of ASC and Caspase-1 were significantly higher in the model group than in the other three groups (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference among these three groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: NLRP3 inflammasome may be involved in the development of cognitive decline in aging rats; 7 consecutive days of EA intervention can partially improve the cognitive impairment in aging rats though the effect is rather limited; 21 consecutive days of EA intervention may improve the learning and memory abilities in aging rats via downregulating the expression levels of NLRP3 inflammasome-associated proteins in hippocampus.

OBJECTIVETo establish discriminant functions of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) by studying it from quantitative diagnosis angle, hoping to reduce interference of subjective factors in diagnosing and differentially diagnosing Chinese medical syndromes of IBS-D.

METHODSA Chinese medical clinical epidemiological survey was carried out in 439 IBS-D patients using Clinical Information Collection Table of IBS. Initial syndromes were obtained by cluster analysis. They were analyzed using step-by-step discrimination by taking information of four Chinese medical diagnostic methods and serum brain-gut peptides (BGP) as variables.

RESULTSClustering results were Gan stagnation Pi deficiency syndrome (GSPDS), Pi-Wei weakness syndrome (PWWS), Gan stagnation qi stasis syndrome (GSQSS), Pi-Shen yang deficiency syndrome (PSYDS), Pi-Wei damp-heat syndrome (PWDHS), cold-damp disturbing Pi syndrome (CDDPS). Of them, GSPDS was mostly often seen with effective percentage of 34. 2%, while CDDPS was the least often seen with effective percentage of 5.5%. A total of 5 discriminant functions for GSPDS, PWWS, GSQSS, PSYDS, and PWDHS were obtained by step-by-step dis- crimination method. The retrospective misjudgment rate was 4.1% (16/390), while the cross-validation misjudgment rate was 15.4% (60/390).

CONCLUSIONThe establishment of discriminant functions is of value in objectively diagnosing and differentially diagnosing Chinese medical syndromes of IBS-D.

Alarmins ; Brain ; Cluster Analysis ; Diarrhea ; classification ; diagnosis ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; classification ; diagnosis ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Qi ; Retrospective Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Yang Deficiency

In this paper, the process performance indexes (PPIs) P(p) and P(pk) were introduced and applied to evaluate the process capability and quality consistence of Chinese medicine products. The historical quality analysis data of Qingkailing injection were collected and taken as the research object. The confidence intervals of P(p) and P(pk) were estimated based on the Bootstrap sampling methods. Results showed that the value and width of the confidence interval P(p) of were smaller that of P(pk) suggesting that the P(pk) index was more sensitive than P(p) in process capability analysis. Within the production period concerned, the P(pk) values estimated from different quality indexes of Qingkailing injection, such as baicalin, cholic acid, geniposide and total nitrogen, were 1.122, 2.055, 1.564 and 0.891, respectively. It could be found that the cholic acid had the highest process capability, followed by the geniposide and baicalin. The total nitrogen had the lowest process capability, indicating that it is necessary to reinforce the quality management of total nitrogen related manufacturing processes. The case studies demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of PPIs, which are convenient to be used in production practice of Chinese medicine.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; standards ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; standards ; Injections ; Quality Control

?AIM: To explore the relation of homocysteine ( Hcy ) and its metabolic related indicators with primary angle-closure glaucoma ( PACG) .?METHODS: In this study, a total of 150 PACG patients and 150 controls were enrolled. The patients with PACG were diagnosed by applanation tonometer, Humphrey perimetry ( HVF ) , optical coherence tomography ( OCT ) , gonioscope. The normal controls were recruited from physical examination center. Blood samples were collected and the plasma was used to determine homocysteine, vitamin B12 and folic acid. DNA was extracted to determine the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase ( MTHFR ) C677TT genotype and gene polymorphism.?RESULTS:There was a statistically significant difference (t=2. 04,P=0. 04) in mean homocysteine levels between patients with PACG ( 16. 11 ± 1. 66μmol/L ) and controls (15. 74± 1. 52μmol/L). The level of vitamin B12 in PACG group was 248. 09 ± 119. 07pg/mL and the control group was 230. 21 ± 142. 93pg/mL. No statistically significant difference was found on the vitamin B12 level between the two groups ( t = 0. 84, P = 0. 40 ). The folic acid levels showed no statistically significant differences( t=1. 65,P=0.17) between the PACG group(12. 02±7. 81ng/mL) and the control group (13. 15 ± 6. 25ng/mL). The frequency distribution of the MTHFR C677T genotypes was found to be significantly associated (χ2 =6. 2,P<0. 05) with PCAG (CC 84. 7%, CT 4. 7%, TT 10. 7%) as compared to the controls (CC 94. 7%, CT 2. 0%, TT 3. 3%). The frequency distribution of TT genotypes of MTHFR C677T in the PACG group was significantly higher than that in the control group. Moreover, our findings showed significant difference (χ2=14. 2,P<0. 05) between the allele frequency of the C677T single nucleotide polymorphism within the MTHFR gene in POAG patients ( T 87. 0%, C 13. 0%) and the control group(T 95. 7%,C 4. 3%) .?CONCLUSION: These results show that the Hcy level and the TT genotypes of MTHFR C677T were higher in the PACG patients than in controls. Therefore, our data suggests that high Hcy level and the related indicators are associated with high PACG risk.

Objective To investigate the effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields(PEMFs)on proliferation and differentiation of endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs).Methods EPCs were isolated from rat bone marrow by density gradient centrifugation.EPCs were exposed to PEMFs from the 5th day to the end of culture.MTT was used to measure the proliferation of EPCs.The expression ofⅧ-related antigen and NOS_3 was evaluated by flow cytometry. Results Compared with the control,the proliferating ability of EPCs exposed to PEMFs was stronger;the number ofⅧ-related antigen and NOS_3 positive cells increased significantly in EPCs exposed in PEMFs.Conclusion PEMFs promotes the proliferation and differentiation of rat bone marrow EPCs.

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristic of committing suicide and to provide the scientific evidence for prevention and crisis intervention.Method A descriptive epidemiological method was employed to analyze the data of 153 individuals of committing suicide successfully saved by doctors of Emergency Department of Gongli Hospital,Pudong New Area,Shanghai.Results Female suicide committers were predominent over male ones,in the ratio 4.6 to 1.Most of the suicide committers were adolescents who had only received junior high school education.The major social support system of the suicide attempters was family support.The majority,of the suicide committers tried to kill themselves by drug ingestion such as hypnotice, sedatives and pesticides,and most of them haven't resorted to psychological counseling.Conclusions It is necessary to pay more attention to the psychological education of adolescents,and popularize the knowledge of psychological counseling in rural areas where are lack of psychological sense among pelple.Emergency department of general hospital which saves suicide committers is playing an important role in suicide prevention and crisis intervention.

Objective: To observe the effectiveness and safety of electroacupuncture (EA) plus Luohua Anshen oral liquid for patients with perimenopausal insomnia. Methods: A total of 66 participants who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the randomized controlled trial and allocated to a treatment group and a control group at a ratio of 1:1, with 33 cases in each group. Both groups were given Luohua Anshen oral liquid as a basic treatment. The treatment group was additionally given EA every other day, three times a week. Both groups were treated for four weeks and a four-week follow-up was conducted. The scores of Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), Kupperman index (KI) and traditional Chinese medicine sleep syndrome scale (TCMSSS) were recorded at pre- and post-treatment, and at the follow-up. Meanwhile, adverse effects were monitored and recorded. Results: After four-week treatment, the global scores of PSQI, KI and TCMSSS in both groups declined significantly (all P<0.05), and the decreases in the treatment group were more significant than those in the control group (allP<0.05). The global scores of PSQI, KI and TCMSSS in both groups at the follow-up visit were significantly different from the corresponding baseline (allP<0.05), while insignificantly different from those assessed at post-treatment (allP>0.05). The total effective rate was 93.9％ in the treatment group, significantly higher than 72.2％ in the control group (P<0.05). No significant adverse event was reported in this trial excepted one patient experienced slight dizziness in the first acupuncture treatment. Conclusion: EA plus Luohua Anshen oral liquid is safe for perimenopausal insomnia with satisfactory short- and long-term effectiveness, and it shows certain advantage compared with using Luohua Anshen oral liquid alone.

Objective To analyze the relationship between influenza epidemic and genetic characteristic on the whole genome of influenza virus subtype A/H3N2 strains isolated in Zhejiang province during 1998 to 2009. Methods All of the eight genes from the 19 Zhejiang influenza virus isolates, circulated during 1998 to 2009, were amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced. The obtained sequences were aligned and analyzed with the vaccine strains being used in the last 10 years.Results The highest mutation happened within HA and NA genes and the amino acid divergent ratios were 13.98% and 10.00%. Amongst the six internal proteins, the amino acid divergent ratios of NP, M2 and NS1 were 6.43%, 6.19% and 3.48% respectively, and the others were lower than 3%.Other than the HA and NA genes, mutations were also observed on six internal genes of the strains isolated in those years when the influenza virus subtype A/H3N2 was widely circulating.Additionally, there had been an obvious genetic lag between vaccine strains recommended by WHO and the contemporary Zhejiang epidemic strains for many years. Conclusion Besides on HA and NA genes, surveillance programs should also be covered mutations regarding the internal genes of influenza virus subtype A/H3N2 strains, in order to provide important information for forecasting and warning of a new round of influenza epidemic.