Objective: To develop an expeditious method for the simultaneous determination of main active compounds in Fufang Ejiao Syrup (FES, compound Ejiao oral liquid) by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in transflective mode. Methods: The contents of total flavonoids and total saponins were determined by colorimetric assays, while the soluble solid content was determined using a moisture analyzer as reference value. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was employed for the calibration of regression models between NIRS and the indexes. Results: The correlation coefficients (R2) of the constructed models for total flavonoids, total saponins, and soluble solid content were 0.9798, 0.9660, and 0.9978, respectively, and the root mean square errors of prediction (RMSEP) were 69.6, 17.6 μg/mL, and 0.394%, respectively. Conclusion: The proposed method is fast and accurate, and facilitating the rapid analysis of main active components in FES.

Cardiomyopathies ; complications ; Diverticulum ; complications ; Hematoma ; complications ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Hide melting presents itself as one of the most critical processes in the production of donkey-hide gelatin. Here a NIR-based method was established for the rapid analysis of in-process hide melting solutions as well as for end-point determination of this process. Near infrared (NIR) spectra of hide melting solutions were collected in transflective mode. With the contents of total nitrogen determined by the Kjeldahl method as reference values, partial least squares regression (PLSR) was employed to build calibration models between NIR spectra and total nitrogen. Model parameters including wavelength range and PLS factors were optimized to achieve best model performance. Based on the contents of total nitrogen predicted by calibration model, end point of hide melting was determined. The constructed PLS model gave a high correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.991 3 and a root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.807 g x L(-1). With the predicted total nitrogen and predefined limit, decisions concerning the proper times of melting were made. This research demonstrated that NIR transflectance spectroscopy could be used to expeditiously determine the contents of total nitrogen which was subsequently chosen as the indictor for determining the end-point of hide melting. The proposed procedure may help avoid unnecessary raw material or energy consumption.
Animals ; Calibration ; Endpoint Determination ; methods ; Equidae ; anatomy & histology ; Gelatin ; chemistry ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Nitrogen ; analysis ; chemistry ; Skin ; chemistry ; Spectrophotometry, Infrared ; Time Factors ; Transition Temperature

Cholesteatoma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Humans ; Petrous Bone ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo research and appraise the method and long-term effects of trigeminal neuralgia by the operation of retrogasserian combing.

METHODSFrom 1994 to 2000, fifty cases of trigeminal neuralgia were treated through posterior fossa microsurgery, 30 of which received both microvascular decompression and retrogasserian combing while 20 only by retrogasserian combing.

RESULTSOf the 50 cases, forty of trigeminal nerves were found to be compressed by arteries, while 28 of them were the superior cerebellar artery, and 12 the anterior inferior cerebellar artery. All the cases were cured through the operations. Fifty patients were followed up for 4 to 8 years, and then 2 recurrent patients were found and other 48 patients had no recurrence. Nine out of fifty patients have facial insensitivity, others facial sense perceptions are right.

CONCLUSIONSThe effect of the operation of retrogasserian combing is sure. This operation was applicable to any case of trigeminal neuralgia, especially to the cases that no vascular compression was found in the operations.

Adult ; Aged ; Decompression, Surgical ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Trigeminal Nerve ; surgery ; Trigeminal Neuralgia ; surgery

Background:Q fever endocarditis,a chronic illness caused by Coxiella burnetii,can be fatal if misdiagnosed or left untreated.Despite a relatively high positive rate of Q fever serology in healthy individuals in the mainland of China,very few cases of Q fever endocarditis have been reported.This study summarized cases of Q fever endocarditis among blood culture negative endocarditis (BCNE) patients and discussed factors attributing to the low diagnostic rate.Methods:We identified confirmed cases of Q fever endocarditis among 637 consecutive patients with infective endocarditis (IE) in the Peking Union Medical College Hospital between 2006 and 2016.The clinical findings for each confirmed case were recorded.BCNE patients were also examined and each BCNE patient's Q fever risk factors were identified.The risk factors and presence of Q fever serologic testing between BCNE patients suspected and unsuspected of Q fever were compared using the Chi-squared or Chi-squared with Yates' correction for continuity.Results:Among the IE patients examined,there were 147 BCNE patients,of whom only 11 patients (7.5％) were suspected of Q fever and undergone serological testing for C.burnetii.Six out of 11 suspected cases were diagnosed as Q fever endocarditis.For the remaining136 BCNE patients,none of them was suspected of Q fever nor underwent relevant testing.Risk factors for Q fever endocarditis were comparable between suspected and unsuspected patients,with the most common risk factors being valvulopathy in both groups.However,significantly more patients had consulted the Infectious Diseases Division and undergone comprehensive diagnostic tests in the suspected group than the unsuspected group (100％ vs.63％,P =0.03).Conclusions:Q fever endocarditis is a serious yet treatable condition.Lacking awareness of the disease may prevent BCNE patients from being identified,despite having Q fever risk factors.Increasing awareness and guideline adherence are crucial in avoiding misdiagnosing and missed diagnosing of the disease.

OBJECTIVETo report the serious complications of microvascular decompression and (or) selective neurectomy in cerebellopontine angle.

METHODSTo review 322 cases of microvascular decompression and (or) facial nerve splitting, selective neurectomy for hemifacial spasm, trigeminal neuralgia and glossopharyngeal neuralgia respectively. Among 322 cases, hemifacial spasm 164, which 96 underwent facial nerve splitting, 68 underwent microvascular decompression and facial nerve splitting. The selective neurectomy and neurectomy were performed in 128 cases of trigeminal neuralgia and 30 cases for glossopharyngeal neuralgia respectively.

RESULTSOf the serious complications 2 died (0.6%), The mild to severe hearing impairment occurred in 21 cases (6.5%), in which 3 cases presented total hearing loss (0. 9%); Postoperative cerebellospinal leakage in 20 (6. 2%).

CONCLUSIONSIt was demonstrated that, even though the microvascular decompression and /or neurectomy was a safe procedure for posterior neuropathy, mortal and serious complications might occur. It was essential to pay great attention to the entire decompression procedure in avoiding cerebellar injury. Using of intraoperative ABR and avoiding of impairment of the acoustic nerve might contribute to the prevention of the postoperative hearing loss.

Adult ; Aged ; Cerebellopontine Angle ; surgery ; Decompression, Surgical ; adverse effects ; Female ; Hearing Loss ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; Postoperative Complications

Objective To report the clinical manifestations, imaging characteristics, surgical approaches, managements, and outcome of jugular foramen tumors. The detailed clinical information of this extremely rare tumor was presented , with special emphasis on certain key issues, e. g, the preoperative estimation, perioperative management, surgical skill and experience, which exerted an influence on the significance of total tumor resection and preventing complications. Methods From 1985 to 2007, 42 patients with jugular foramen tumor (30 cases of jugular paragangliomas and 11 cases of tumor with particular pathological types) were enrolled in this study. Prior to surgical procedures, all patients were subjected to systematic imaging examinations on temporal bone, such as CT, HRCT, CTA, and MRI, and some patients were further examined by angiography or embolization according to the individual situations. The infratemporal type A and combined translabrinthin and/or transchecholea approaches were selected for the treatment of 30 cases of jugular paragangliomas ; while, the moralities of infratemporal type A, enlarged mastoidectomy, or mastoid-neck approach were employed for the remaining 11 specific cases. Results Forty-two patients in this report were categorized into beyond C types based on FISCH classification in which all bad invaded to posterior fossa. In the 31 cases, the major initial clinical symptoms were tinnitus, heating loss, and facial palsy; while,in the 11 specific cases, the main symptoms did not possess any unique trait for the diagnosis and 5 of which were found via CT or MRI examination by chance. Facial nerve management included permanent anterior transposition (19 cases), facial nerve bridge technology (16 cases), interposition graft (4 cases), Ⅷ-Ⅺ jump graft (2 cases) , and Ⅶ-Ⅻ anastomosis (1 case) . Conclusions The preoperative estimation of tumor in nature was of great importance in the determination of proper surgical approaches and the infratemporal type A could fully meet the requirement for resection of tumors in jugular foramen. Facial nerve anterior rerouting could provide a clear visual field during the procedure, especially for the lesions in anterior tympanic cavity. In most cases, the facial nerve bridge technology could also fulfill the needs for complete tumor resection as well as the better preservation of facial function. In case of considering the sacrifice of internal carotid artery, balloon test occlusion was indispensable for preoperative estimation. The CT or MRI characteristics of tumors with particular pathological types were different from those of jugular paragangliomas. The preoperative management, surgical skills, and experience played a pivotal role in complete tumor resection.

Objective To report the clinical manifestations and the revision surgery principles of recurrent diseases of the posterior fossa nerves after primary surgery. Methods Between 2000 to 2007, fourteen patients with recurrent diseases of the posterior fossa nerves in Shandong provincial hospital were recruited in this study, all of whom were subjected to revision surgery. The clinical manifestations and surgical findings were retrospectively reviewed. Results Of the five patients with recurrent trigeminal neuralgia primarily, two underwent microvascular decompression (MVD); the remaining three firstly received the Ⅰand Ⅲ branches partial sensory rhizotomy and, subsequently, the pain reoccurred in the Ⅰbranch distribution area. The remnant sensor fibre was resected in the reoperation by which the sufferings were controlled completely in four of these patients during 2 to 11 years of follow-up. In five patients with hemifacial spasm underwent re-exploration, there appeared obvious fibrosis, conglutination, and the formation of new vessels around the facial nerve, with which the result of reoperation for this disorder was unsatisfied. In four glossopharyngeal neuralgia patients, reanstamosis of the glossopharyngeal nerve were found in two patients, adhesion between the glossopharyngeal nerve and the vagus nerve was found in one patient, but occurred in none of the another one. In the revision surgery, the regeneration of nerve fibre and two adjacent branches of vagus nerve fibre were resected, with no occurrence during 2 to 5 years of follow-up. The pathological changes found in revision were severe adhesion between cerebellum, meninges, terylene slim and structures around. Also, the formation of new vessels, cerebellum malacia, and bleeding could be found in the procedures. Conclusions The cause of recurrent of trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm are unclear. Recurrent giossopharyngeal neuralgia may attribute to the nerve fibers reanstamosis, adhesion or the communicating branches with vagus nerve. With respect to the treatment of the recurrence of trigeminal neuralgia, glossopharyngeal neuralgia after primary surgery, the effectiveness of nerve fibre resection is definite, whereas, the result of revision surgery for hemifacial spasm is poor.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of docetaxel (Taxotere) (DTX) and oxaliplatin (OXA) for treatment of recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer.

METHODSThirty-six patients with histologically confirmed recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer received chemotherapy with DTX and OXA. DTX at the dose of 75 mg/m(2) was administered on day 1 by intravenous infusion in 60 min, followed by OXA at 100 mg/m(2) given by a 2 h infusion. The chemotherapy cycles were repeated every 21 days, and the patients received at least 2 cycles.

RESULTSAll the patients were available for response evaluation, among whom 3 (8.3%) showed complete responses and 17 (47.2%) showed partial responses, with an overall response rate of 55.6%. The main adverse effects included hematological toxicities and peripheral neuropathy.

CONCLUSIONCombination of DTX and OXA produces good therapeutic effect with tolerable toxicity profile for treatment of recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Cystadenoma, Mucinous ; drug therapy ; Cystadenoma, Serous ; drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; drug therapy ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; administration & dosage ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Taxoids ; administration & dosage