Abnormalities, Multiple ; Bronchi ; abnormalities ; Bronchography ; Constriction, Pathologic ; diagnostic imaging ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Rare Diseases ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Trachea ; abnormalities ; diagnostic imaging ; Tracheal Stenosis ; congenital ; diagnostic imaging

Objective: To understand the relationship between mental health status and vision-related quality of life( VRQL ) of students with moderate and high myopia, and to provide basis for the optimization of VRQL. Methods: Using convenient sampling method, the 8-18 years old students with moderate and high myopia were selected from Sichuan, Chongqing and Zhejiang. The mental health status and VRQL of students with moderate and high myopia were evaluated with Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Quality of Life Scale for Ametropia. The multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for VRQL. Results: A total of 360 questionnaires were sent out and 354 were effectively recovered, with an effective rate of 98.33%. There were 116 ( 32.77% ) boys and 238 ( 67.23% ) girls; the median age was 16.65 years old. There were 211 ( 59.60% ) cases of moderate myopia and 143 (40.40%) cases of high myopia.There were 141 ( 39.83% ) found to be anxious and 176 ( 49.72% ) depressed. The median score of Quality of Life Scale for Ametropia was 64. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that sex ( β＇= -0.179 ), diopter ( β＇= 0.208 ), eyesight with glasses ( β＇= -0.229 ) and anxiety ( β＇= 0.439 ) were influencing factors for VRQL. Conclusion The mental health problems of the students with medium and high myopia are prominent; anxiety has a significant impact on the VRQL of the students.

AIMTo analyze gene expression difference between human mesenchymal stem cells and umbilical vein endothelial cells, to discuss the feasibility of inducing hMSCs to differentiate into endothelial cells through in vitro gene transfection as well as the use and prospective as a seeding cell source of vascular tissue engineering.

METHODShMSCs and hUVECs were isolated, expanded in culture, and characterized by flow-cytometry, immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Differential analysis of gene expression profiles between them was performed by Biostar H-40 cDNA microarrays. The properties of VEGF 165 transfected were also detected with RT-PCR, ELISA et al.

RESULTSNearly 86% genes were coexpressed in both cells and hMSCs expressed typical endothelial antigen marker of EC. After VEGF165 transfection, hMSCs (or committed hMSCs) were positive for CD31. To different extent, the expression of CD44 was down regulated and CD34, FVIIIAg, Flt-1 up regulated.

CONCLUSIONGeneration of functional EC or tissue engineered blood vessels from human MSCs is feasible utilizing an in vitro environment gene transfection.

Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; Endothelium, Vascular ; cytology ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Transfection ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; administration & dosage

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the applicability of immune-related response criteria (irRC) in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by Chinese medicine (CM).

METHODSTotally 97 stage III a-IV NSCLC patients were predominantly treated with comprehensive CM. Curative effects were evaluated by three methods such as Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST), Oncologic Curative Effect Evaluation Criteria of Chinese Medicine in Solid Tumor (draft, abbreviated as CM criteria), and irRC. The correspondency and consistency between irRC, RECIST and CM criteria were analyzed and compared. The objectivity of irRC in evaluating curative effect of Chinese medical treatment for NSCLC was assessed.

RESULTSThe correspondency rate of irRC to RECIST was 59. 79% with Kappa value of 0. 379 (U test, P <0. 01). The two criteria had certain correspondence, but with an unsatisfactory consistency. The correspondency rate of irRC to CM criteria rate was 83. 51% with Kappa value of 0.751 (U test, P <0. 01). The two criteria had good correspondence and consistency.

CONCLUSIONSCM criteria had good consistency with CM criteria in evaluating curative effect for Chinese medical treatment of advanced NSCLC. Its results could objectively reflect features and advantages of CM for treating advanced NSCLC.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; Treatment Outcome

Objective This study is about to detect the KCNJ5 gene variations in aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) with primary hyperaldosteronism (PA),and to investigate the association of the KCNJ5 gene missense mutations with APA and PA.Methods A total of 46 APA tumors and their clinical characteristics were collected from Hypertension Center of the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,and all the tumors were confirmed by pathology.All the samples of the coding region segments of KCNJ5 were detected by PCR and direct DNA sequencing to compare the different missense mutations in the tumor cells and peripheral blood cells and to analyze the association between the genotype and phenotype.Results Three missense mutations were found in 46 patients with APA:c.451G ＞ C/A (p.G151R) (5/46),c.503T ＞ G (p.L168R) (4/46),c.830T ＞ A (p.S209T) (12/46).S209T,as an unreported somatic mutation was observed.There were no missense mutations detected in the peripheral blood.Sex,age,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,duration of hypertension,plasma potassium,urine potassium,aldosterone,plasma renin activity,aldosterone,and plasma renin activity ratio,as well as the rate of positive family history were compared between the mutants and wild-types.Systolic blood pressure and plasma potassium level among G151 R,L168R,and S209T had statistical differences.Systolic blood pressure in G151R was significantly higher than the other two groups,while the plasma potassium level was significantly lower than the other groups.Conclusions Three missense mutations were found in 46 patients with APA.The subjects with mutations had more serious condition than those without mutations after comparing their clinical phenotype.Besides,other different subtypes may exist in PA.

Based on the teaching fact and feature of pharmacy specialty. In this article, curriculum location of general microbiology about object, character, function, content design for the higher vocational colleges were disscused. The result would provide some gist to reform teaching methods for microbiology course.

OBJECTIVETo study the synergistic effects of hypothermia and hypoxia on the damage of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVEC) in rat.

METHODSPrimary PMVECs were obtained by complex phosphoesterasum digesting from isolated lung tissues of Wistar rats, the PMVECs were identified by phase contrast microscope and immunofluorescence studies for CD31 antigen and bandeiraea simplicifolia isolectin (BSI) binding test. Factorial design was adopted in trial according to hypothermia and hypoxia existing or not. Using corresponding kit measured the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in cell medium. Level of nitric oxide (NO) concentration was measured by Griess Assay. RT-PCR was used to examine the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), endothelin-1 (ET-1) mRNA in PMVECs.

RESULTSThe monolayer of cultured PMVECs displayed the shape of pavingstone. CD31 antigen and binding BSI results by fluorescence microscope identified the cultured cells were PMVECs. Compared to the control group, LDH activity and VEGF, ET-1 expression levels were significantly increased in hypothermia group, hypoxia group and hypoxia combined with hypothermia group. And the levels of NO concentration were reduced in these three groups. The results of One-way ANOVA showed that there was a synergistic effect between hypothermia and hypoxia.

CONCLUSIONHypothermia and hypoxia both have an effect on PMVECs whether in altering the cell permeability or in releasing of vasoactive substances including NO and ET-1. In addition, there is a synergistic effect between hypothermia and hypoxia.

Animals ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cell Membrane Permeability ; Cells, Cultured ; Cold Temperature ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Endothelin-1 ; metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular ; cytology ; Lung ; blood supply ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo analyze the trend of prevalence and major risk factors for diabetes between 1997 and 2009 in Shenzhen.

METHODSA total sample of 7956 and 8487 residents aged from 20 to 69 years were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling from two cross-sectional chronic diseases survey in Shenzhen in 1997 and 2009 respectively. The variation of prevalence between different age groups (divided into a 5-year age group) were compared. The effect of risk factors was evaluated by population attributable risk percentage (PARP), and time trend of PARP for risk factors were analyzed.

RESULTSCompared with that in 1997, the aged-adjusted prevalence of diabetes has increased from 3.85% (306/7956) to 5.21% (441/8487) in 2009 (χ(2) = 17.54, P < 0.001). The prevalence in age group 50 - 54, 60 - 64, and 65 - 69 years increased significantly from 7.88% (35/444), 8.55% (36/421) and 11.34 (33/291) to 12.09% (59/488), 14.63% (55/376) and 20.71% (70/338) respectively (χ(2) = 4.54, 7.25 and 10.01, P < 0.05). After controlling for age, the rates of abdominal obesity, family history of diabetes, dyslipidemia and hypertension increased from 21.56% (1715/7956), 4.39% (349/7956), 26.34% (2096/7956) and 11.53% (917/7956) to 31.88% (2706/8487), 12.84% (1090/8487), 41.38%(3512/8487) and 14.61% (1240/8487) respectively (χ(2) = 5.52, 14.83, 18.38 and 20.22, P < 0.01). For diabetes, the PARP of aging, dyslipidemia and abdominal obesity were 41.55%, 29.25% and 25.10% respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of diabetes in Shenzhen increases rapidly and more patients are found in younger age. The rise of diabetes was mainly attributed to aging and increasing exposures to risk factors.

Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult

In near-infrared (NIR) analysis of plant extracts, excessive background often exists in near-infrared spectra. The detection of active constituents is difficult because of excessive background, and correction of this problem remains difficult. In this work, the orthogonal signal correction (OSC) method was used to correct excessive background. The method was also compared with several classical background correction methods, such as offset correction, multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), standard normal variate (SNV) transformation, de-trending (DT), first derivative, second derivative and wavelet methods. A simulated dataset and a real NIR spectral dataset were used to test the efficiency of different background correction methods. The results showed that OSC is the only effective method for correcting excessive background.
Algorithms ; Artifacts ; Computer Simulation ; Coptis ; chemistry ; Models, Chemical ; Models, Statistical ; Multivariate Analysis ; Plant Extracts ; analysis ; chemistry ; Principal Component Analysis ; Spectrophotometry, Infrared ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of p38 MAPK on ischemic postconditioning (IPO) attenuating pneumocyte apoptosis after lung ischemia/reperfusion injury (LIRI).

METHODSForty adult male SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups based upon the intervention (n = 8): control group (C), LIR group (I/R), LIR + IPO group (IPO), IPO + solution control group (D), IPO + SB203580 group (SB). Left lung tissue was isolated after the 2 hours of reperfusion, the ratio of wet lung weight to dry lung weight (W/D), and total lung water content (TLW) were measured. The histological structure of the left lung was observed under light and electron transmission microscopes, and scored by alveolar damage index of quantitative assessment (IQA). Apoptosis index (AI) of lung tissue was determined by terminal deoxynuleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end and labeling (TUNEL) method. The mRNA expression and protein levels of and Bax were measured by RT-PCR and quantitative immunohistochemistry (IHC).

RESULTSCompared with C group, W/D, TLW, IQA, AI and the expression of Bax of I/R were significantly increased, the expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-2/Bax were significantly decreased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and was obviously morphological abnormality in lung tissue. Compared with I/R group, all the indexes of IPO except for the expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-2/ Bax were obviously reduced, the expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-2/Bax were increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). All the indexes between D and IPO were little or not significant( P > 0.05). The expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-2/Bax of SB were significantly increased and other indexes were reduced than those of IPO (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONIPO may attenuate pneumocyte apoptosis in LIRI by inactivation of p38 MAPK, up-regulating expression of Bcl-2/Bax ratio.

Alveolar Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Disease Models, Animal ; Ischemic Postconditioning ; Lung ; blood supply ; enzymology ; pathology ; Male ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; enzymology ; pathology ; prevention & control ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism