Educational Measurement ; Humans ; Inservice Training ; Pneumoconiosis ; diagnosis ; Reference Standards

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical efficacy difference in treatment of functional dyspepsia (FD) between syndrome differentiation based acupuncture and ordinary acupuncture.

METHODSSeventy FD patients were assigned to a syndrome differentiation based acupuncture group (Group A) and an ordinary acupuncture group (Group B) by Excel Software randomization. Zhongwan (RN12 ), Tianshu (ST25), and Zusanli (ST36) were needled as main points for patients in Group A. Meanwhile, different combined acupoints were needled according to syndrome differentiation. Only the same main points were needled for patients in Group B. All patients were needled once per day, 30 min each time, 6 days as one treatment cycle, 2 treatment cycles in total. Fasting serum levels of gastrin (GAS) and motilin (MTL) were determined before treatment and after 2 treatment cycles. 36-item Short-form Heath Survey (SF-36) and Nepean Dyspepsia Index [NDI, including Nepean Dyspepsia Symptom Index (NDSI) and Nepean Dyspepsia Life Quality Index (NDLQI)] were assessed before treatment, after 2 treatment cycles, and one month after treatment.

RESULTSCompared with before treatment in the same group, serum levels of GAS and MLT increased in the two groups after 2 treatment cycles (P <0. 05), but changes were more obvious in Group A (P <0. 05). Compared with before treatment in the same group, SF-36 and NDLQI score increased, and NDSI score decreased in the two groups after 2 treatment cycles and 1 month after treatment (all P <0. 05). Compared with Group B, SF-36 and NDLQI score increased in Group A after 2 treatment cycles and 1 month after treatment (P <0. 05, P <0. 01). But NDSI score at 1 month after treatment was lower in Group A than in Group B (P <0.01).

CONCLUSIONSyndrome differentiation based acupuncture could evidently improve dyspeptic symptoms of FD patients, and significantly improve their quality of life with remarkable curative effect.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Dyspepsia ; therapy ; Humans ; Motilin ; Needles ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Syndrome

Objective To investigate the effect of lung protective ventilation regimen on regional cerebral oxygen saturation(rSO2)during one-lung ventilation(OLV)in elderly patients undergoing radical esophagus cancer resection.Methods Forty ASA Ⅰ-Ⅲ patients,aged 65-76 yr,weighing 45-75 kg,undergoing radical esophagus cancer reseclion,were randomly divided into 2 groups(n =20 each):conventional ventilation group(group CV)and prolective ventilation regimen group(group PV).Anesthesia was induced with midaaolam 0.05 mg/kg,sufentanil 0.4 μg/kg,rocuronium 1 mg/kg and propofol 1.5 mg/kg and maintained with 2％ sevoflurane and intermittenl iv boluses of rocuronium 0.5 mg/kg.Double lumen tube was inserted.Correct positioning was verified by fiberoptic broncboscopy.The patients were mechanically ventilated.In group CV,PEEP was set at 0,Vt was set at 10 ml/kg,and I:E was set at 1:2 during two-lung ventilation(TLV)and OLV.In group PV,PEEP was set at 5 cm H2O,Vt was set at 6 ml/kg,and I:E was set at 1:2 during TLV and OLV.PETCO2 was maintained at 35-40 mn Hg in both groups.Arterial blood samples were taken before induction of anesthesia,at 10 min of TLV and at 30 min of OLV for blood gas analysis.Qs/Qt was calculated and rSO2 was recorded at the same time.Low rSO2 (rSO2 score ＞ 3000％)was recorded during OLV.Results Compared with group CV,PaO2 and rSO2 were significantly increased,and Qs/Qt was significantly decreased at 30 min of OLV,and the incidence of low rSO2 was significanfly decreased in group PV(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Lung protective ventilation regimen can improve oxygenation,decrease intrapulmonary shunt,and reduce the occurrence of low rSO2 during OLV in elderly patients undergoing radical esophagus cancer resection.

Objective To analyze the clinical features of rectal and perianal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor and evaluate its diagnosis and treatment.Method Clinicopathological data of 3 cases diagnosed as inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor from January,2005 to June,2011 were retrospectively reviewed.Results Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor presents as infiltrative growth mass with rich vascularization on CT or MRI,and is difficult to distinguish from hemangioma and other rectal tumors.Preoperative biopsy usually fails to ascertain the entity of mass,and pathological examination of the whole resected specimen with immunohistochemical staining is needed to make final diagnosis.All 3 cases underwent sphincter preserving surgery.One case received a second radical operation 16 months after primary resection because of local recurrence.All patients are followed up to now,with a survival time of 67 months,55 months,and 35 months respectively.Conclusions Rectal and perianal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor is difficult to diagnose on preoperative imaging examinations or biopsy.Immunohistochemical staining is needed to make final diagnosis.Sphincter preserving surgery with complete tumor removal could achieve long term survival.

Objective To compare the effects of different medications of fentanyl during anesthesia induction on fentanyl-induced cough.Methods Four hundred and twenty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients aged 18-60 yr undergoing selective operations under general anesthesia,were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n =105 each):group Ⅰ (control group) received successive intravenous injection of midazolam 0.05 mg/kg,fentanyl 2 μg/kg,propofol 2 mg/kg,and rocuronium 1 mg/kg,group Ⅱ (pre-injection group) received successive intravenous injection of midazolam0.05 mg/kg,fentanyl 0.5 μg/kg,propofol 2 mg/kg,rocuronium 1 mg/kg,and fentanyl 1.5 μg/kg,group Ⅲ (dilution group) received successive intravenous injection of midazolam 0.05 mg/kg,fentanyl 2 μg/kg (20 μg/ml),propofol 2 mg/kg,and rocuronium 1 mg/kg,and group Ⅳ (last injection group) received successive intravenous injection of midazolam 0.05 mg/kg,propofol 2 mg/kg,rocuronium 1 mg/kg,and fentanyl 2 μg/kg.Fentanyl concentration was 50 μg/ml in each group except group Ⅲ.Endotracheal intubation was performed 2 min after anesthesia induction.The incidence and severity of fentanyl-induced cough before intubation were recorded and the incidence of propofol-induced pain was recorded.Invasive arterial blood pressure (ABP) and heart rate (HR) were observed before induction (T1 ),immediately after induction (T2 ),at time of coughing (T3 ),and at time of endotracheal intubation (T4).Results ABP and HR had no significant differences at T1,T2,T3,and T4between the four groups (P ＞ 0.05).The incidence of propofol-induced pain had no significant differences between the four groups (P ＞ 0.05).The incidences of cough was 7.6％ in group Ⅱ,9.5％ in group Ⅲ,and 1.9％ in group Ⅳ,which were significantly lower than 35.2％ in group Ⅰ ( P ＜ 0.01).The incidence of cough in group Ⅳ was significantly lower than that in groups [ and Ⅲ (P ＜ 0.05).In the four groups,ABP and HR were significantly higher at T3 than that at T1 and T2 ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion Different medications of fentanyl including last injection,pre-injection,and dilution of fentanyl can significantly reduce the incidence of fentanyl-induced cough during anesthesia induction,and injection has the best effect.

Objective The study was designed to compare the ultrasound-guided technique for the cannulation of subclavian vein with the traditional technique using anatomic landmarks.Methods One hundred and twenty ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients undergoing cannulation of subclavian vein before gastrp-intestinal tumor resection were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=60 each) according to the technique used for cannulation:ultrasound-guided group (group US) and anatomic landmark group (group AL).The puncture time,successful puncture and complications were recorded.Resulls The success rate was 100% in group US;while the cannulation failed in one patient in group AL.The rate of successful puncture at 1st attempt was 100% in group US but ouly 90% in group AL.The cannulation time was significantly shorter in group US than in group AL.The incidence of accidental puncture of subclavian artery,hematoma and pneumothorax was significantly higher in group AL than in group US.Conclusion The ultrasound-guided catheterization of the subclavian vein is superior to the landmark technique.

Objective To observe the expression of phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K) and protein kinase B1 (Akt1) in PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in rat bones with fluorosis, and to reveal the mechanisms of the skeletal fluorosis. Methods Thirty-six SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (control group, low-dose fluorosis group, high-dose fluorosis group) and 12 rats were in each group according to body weight. The rats were fed with different concentrations of fluoride (NaF) to establish fluorosis models. Controls were fed with tap water( < 0.5 mg/L), experimental animals in low- or high-dose groups were fed with water containing NaF 5.0,50.0 mg/L, respectively. Rats were sacrificed after 6 months of treating with fluoride and the serum was kept for testing the bone metabolic markers of none gla protein(BGP) and cathepsin K(Cath-K) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), the proteins and mRNA levels of PI3K and Akt1 in rat bones were detected by immunohistochemistry and real time PCR, respectively. Results Each group of serum BGP and Cath-k were compared, the difference was statistically significant(F = 73.45,39.36, all P < 0.05). The contents of BGP[(1.99 ± 0.62), (2.38 ± 0.16)μg/L] and Cath-K [(89.07 ± 19.66), (110.16 ± 9.81)pmol/L] in the low-and high-dose fluorosis groups were higher than those in the control group[(0.15 ± 0.03)μg/L,( 18.32 ± 2.27)pmol/L], and the high fluorosis group was obviously higher than the low fluorosis group (all P < 0.05). Each group of serum PI3K and Akt1 protein and mRNA were compared, the difference was statistically significant(F- 178.16,118.08,38.81,52.31, all P< 0.05). Compared to the control group (181.55 ± 4.24,188.46 ± 2.18,3.84 ± 1.69,4.33 ± 0.89), the protein and mRNA expressions of PI3K(171.66 ± 2.85,154.12 ± 4.15,11.31 ± 4.18,20.54 ± 6.68), Akt1(177.47 ± 3.16,156.42 ± 3.18,12.52 ± 3.13,19.43 ± 5.36) were higher in the low- and high-dose fluorosis groups (all P < 0.05), and the high fluorosis group was obviously higher than the low fluorosis group (all P < 0.05). Conclusions BGP and Cath-K contents could be used as bone metabolic indices in the endemic fluorosis disease. Fluoride can increase the expression of PI3K and Akt1 mRNA and protein in bone tissue of fluorosis rats, and PI3K/Akt1 signaling pathway may be involved in the pathogenesis of bone injury caused by fluoride.

Akt1 is a serine-threonine protein kinase that has been implicated in the control of cellular metabolism,survival and growth.Elevated expression of Akt1 has been noted in a significant percentage of human tumors,promoting cellular metastasis.Conversely,some studies have revealed hyperactivated Akt1 inhibited the invasiveness and metastasis of breast cancer cells.To clarify the definite effect of Akt1 on tumorigenesis and development,Akt1 was silenced by RNAi in the highly metastatic murine breast cancer 4T1 cells.Akt1 silencing didn't affect the proliferation of breast cancer cells in MTT assay,while reduced the migration in Transwell assay.Consistent with the above results,Akt1 silencing didn't change the primary tumor weight,but significantly suppressed lung metastasis of 4T1 cells.These observations indicated Akt1 plays an important role in murine breast cancer metastasis,and suggested that Akt1 might be a therapeutic target for breast cancer metastasis.

Objective To evaluate the dose distribution in clinical target volume (CTV) and organs-at-risk (OARs) in three dimension therapy plans in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of tongue receiving postoperative intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) or conventional radiotherapy (CRT) by dosimetric study. Methods Thirty-five patients with squamous cell carcinoma of tongue were divided into CRT group(n=17) and IMRT group(n=18). All patients underwent head-and-neck immobilization with a thermoplastic mask and planning CT scan, and target volume and OARs were contoured. Dose calculation and plan optimization were performed. All three dimension plans passed quality assurance before treatment. The dosimetry of therapy plans with IMRT or CRT in target volume and OARs dose distribution was compared by dose-volume histogram (DVH), conformity index (CI) and homogeneous index (HI). Results There were significant differences in D95 (isodose line to cover 95 percent target volume), CI, HI, minimum dose and maximum dose in CTV of therapy plans between patients with IMRT and CRT(P < 0.01), and there was no significant difference in mean dose of CTV(P > 0.05). The radiation dose on salivary glands (both parotid glands and contralateral submandibular gland) in patients with IMRT was significantly lower than that in patients with CRT(P < 0.01). Conclusion Compared with dose distribution of CRT plans, there are more advantages in improving dose distribution at the target volume and sparing salivary glands in IMRT therapy plans in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of tongue.