Objective To retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 16 patients with renal cell carcinoma complicatedwith sarcomatoid differentiation, so as to discuss the treatment and prognosis of the condition. Methods A total of 547 patients with renal cell carcinoma were admitted in our department during 2005-2009, and 16(2. 9%) ofthem also had sarcomatoid differentiation, including 7 males and 9 females, aged (52 ± 10) years old, ranging 36-70 years old. Gross hematuria was found in 5 patients, backache in 5, fatigue and weight loss in 2, cough and hemoptysis in 1; and 3 patients were accidentally found with renal occupation during physical examination. All tumors were solitary, with 7 in the left and 9 in right. The maximum tumor diameter was (7. 8±4. 1) cm, ranging 2-15 cm. Full examination was done to confirm the tumor stage preoperatively. Preoperative examination showed that 2 patients had retroperitoneal lymph node enlargement, 1 had right pulmonary hila lymphatic metastasis, 1 had livermetastasis, 2 had renal vein and (or) the inferior vena cava tumor thrombi, 3 had bone metastases, 1 had invasion of ipsilateral adrenal gland, and 1 had invasion of the upper ureter. All the 16 patients underwent surgical treatment,and their specimens were subjected to H-E staining and immunohistochemical examination. Five patients were treated with INF-α after operation and were followed up. Results All patients received radical nephrectomy. Pathological examination showedthat 9 patients had clear cell renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation, 3 had chromophobe renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation, and the other 4 had unclassified renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation. No recurrence or metastasis was seen in the 4 pT1N0M0 patients. All the pT2-T4 patients died, with the progression-free survival time being (5. 6±4. 5) months, ranging 2-16 months; the overall survival time was (8. 3± 5. 6) months, ranging 3-20 months. Conclusion Preoperation staging of patients with renal cell carcinoma complicated with sarcomatoid differentiation has a great impact on patient survival. Operation is the most effective treatment for patients with early stage, and routine follow? up examination is recommended post operatively. Targeted therapy may be an effective way for patients of advanced stag.

To retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 16 patients with renal cell carcinoma complicated with sarcomatoid differentiation, so as to discuss the treatment and prognosis of the condition. Methods A total of 547 patients with renal cell carcinoma were admitted in our department during 2005-2009, and 16(2.9%) of them also had sarcomatoid differentiation, including 7 males and 9 females, aged (52±10) years old, ranging 36-70 years old. Gross hematuria was found in 5 patients, backache in 5, fatigue and weight loss in 2, cough and hemoptysis in 1; and 3 patients were accidentally found with renal occupation during physical examination. All tumors were solitary, with 7 in the left and 9 in right. The maximum tumor diameter was (7.8±4.1) cm, ranging 2-15 cm. Full examination was done to confirm the tumor stage preoperatively. Preoperative examination showed that 2 patients had retroperitoneal lymph node enlargement, 1 had right pulmonary hila lymphatic metastasis, 1 had livermetastasis, 2 had renal vein and (or) the inferior vena cava tumor thrombi, 3 had bone metastases, 1 had invasion of ipsilateral adrenal gland, and 1 had invasion of the upper ureter. All the 16 patients underwent surgical treatment, and their specimens were subjected to H-E staining and immunohistochemical examination. Five patients were treated with INF-α after operation and were followed up. Results All patients received radical nephrectomy. Pathological examination showed that 9 patients had clear cell renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation, 3 had chromophobe renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation, and the other 4 had unclassified renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation. No recurrence or metastasis was seen in the 4 pT1N0M0 patients. All the pT2-T4 patients died, with the progression-free survival time being (5.6±4.5) months, ranging 2-16 months; the overall survival time was (8.3± 5.6) months, ranging 3-20 months. Conclusion Preoperation staging of patients with renal cell carcinoma complicated with sarcomatoid differentiation has a great impact on patient survival. Operation is the most effective treatment for patients with early stage, and routine follow-up examination is recommended postoperatively. Targeted therapy may be an effective way for patients of advanced stage.

Abnormal activation of Wnt signaling pathway plays an important role in the development and progression of prostate cancer; androgen receptor (AR) is the key for the transformation of androgen-independent prostate cancer (AIPC), and AR signaling pathway is now the focus of prostate cancer research. Many signal pathways can affect AR signaling pathway; in this paper we review the Wnt signaling pathway, androgen receptor and their crosstalk in prostate cancer.

The Her-2 proto-oncogene encodes a 185kDa transmenbrane glycoprotein p185 which has intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity. It is overexpressed in several malignant human tumors like breast cancer. A chimeric antibody by assembling a single-chain Fv antibody and a human IgG1 Fc fragment was constructed. This chimeric antibody reacts with tumor surface antigen p185c-erbB-2 specifically. In order to put the antibody into clinical application, two steps purification method was used to attain the antibody’s purity more than 95%. Both the lyophilized pharmaceutical formulations of the antibody were found. The formulations can keep the stability and activity of the antibody for at least one year. These results were the foundation of the chimeric antibody for cancer therapy.

Based on the gene sequence of AIV matrix protein 2(M2) and two cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitopes derived from nucleoprotein,the prokaryotic expression vector pET-3M2e-NP1-NP2 was constructed.The target gene was expressed in the solvable form in BL21(DE3) when induced with 1.0 mmol/L IPTG and Western blot analysis showed that the expression product had good immunogencity.Purified fusion protein was mixed with various amount of adjuvant,including Freund's,Vash oil and chitosan,and then immunized 20-day-old chicken by intramuscular injection and boosted 3weeks later.Blood samples were collected weekly following the primary vaccination.The anti-M2e antibody was detected with ELISA method with the synthesized peptide as coated antigen;the neutralizing ability of anti-serum was evaluated on MDCK cell line and chick embryo,the CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte amounts in peripheral blood of immunized chicken was measured by flow cytometry.Results showed that the fusion protein can induce immunological reaction,and the antibody can bind with the viral M2 protein that expressed on the surface of MDCK cells.Flow cytometry result showed that CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte in peripheral blood increased obviously following immunization(P

Objective To observe Meissner's corpuscles in prepuces of different shapes and ages. Methods The Meissner's corpuscles were detected with immunohistochemical stain in 204 prepuce sam- ples of different shapes and ages (3-59 years),and the density of Meissner's corpuscles in every sample was obtained as well.The difference of Meissner's corpuscle densities between phimosis and redundant pre- puce,and correlation between Meissner's corpuscle densities and ages were analyzed with Chi-square test and linear regression,respectively.Results The density of Meissner's corpuscles in redundant prepuce has begun to increase since infancy and reached the peak at the age about 15 years.No significant difference in densities of Meissner's corpuscles between phimosis and redundant prepuce was observed till the age of 20 years,and then there was a trend of disappearance of Meissner's corpuscles in redundant prepuce.A signifi- cantly negative correlation between the densities of Meissner's corpuscles and ages was revealed in redundant prepuce (r=-0.236,P=0.009),whereas an insignificantly positive correlation between the densities of Meissner's corpuscles and ages was shown in phimosis (r=0.193,P=0.084).Conclusions The den- sities of Meissner's corpuscles in redundant prepuce develop synchronically with genital differentiation and accord with the status of sexual function in adult males.The persistent high level of Meissner's corpuscles in adult phimosis might be a mechanism of physiological compensation.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of heat-sensitive point medicinal moxibustion plus percutaneous administration of tetrandrine in treating lumbar intervertebral disc herniation. Methods One hundred and twenty patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation were randomized to treatment and control groups, 60 cases each. The treatment group received heat-sensitive point medicinal moxibustion plus percutaneous administration of tetrandrine and the control group, heat-sensitive point medicinal moxibustion alone. The VAS score and the JOA Score for Back Pain score were recorded in the two groups before and after treatment. The clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups. Results There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in the JOA Score for Back Pain score and the VAS score in the two groups (P<0.01). There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in the JOA Score for Back Pain score and the VAS score between the treatment and control groups (P<0.01). The excellent and good rate was 80.0％ in the treatment group and 55.0％ in the control group; there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.01). Conclusion Heat-sensitive point medicinal moxibustion plus percutaneous administration of tetrandrine is an effective way to treat lumbar intervertebral disc herniation.

Recently traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-induced liver injury has been an unresolved critical issue which impacts TCM clinical safety. The premise and key step to reduce or avoid drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is to identify the drug source of liver injury in early stage. Then the timely withdrawal of drug and treatment can be done. However, the current diagnosis of DILI is primarily governed by exclusive method relying on administering history supplied by patients and experience judgment from doctors, which lacks objective and reliable diagnostic indices. It is obvious that diagnosis of TCM-induced liver injury is especially difficult due to the complicated composition of TCM medication, as well the frequent combination of Chinese and Western drugs in clinic. In this paper, we proposed construction of research pattern and method for objective identification of TCM-related DILI based on translational toxicology, which utilizes clinical specimen to find specific biomarkers and characteristic blood-entering constituents, as well the clinical biochemistry and liver biopsy. With integration of diagnosis marker database, bibliographic database, medical record database and clinical specimen database, an integrative diagnosis database for TCM-related DILI can be established, which would make a transformation of clinical identification pattern for TCM-induced liver injury from subjective and exclusive to objective and index-supporting mode. This would be helpful to improve rational uses of TCM and promote sustainable development of TCM industry.
Animals ; Biomarkers, Pharmacological ; metabolism ; Biopsy ; methods ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Liver ; drug effects ; pathology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; adverse effects ; Rats

OBJECTIVETo study the diagnostic value of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

METHODSTwenty healthy volunteers and fifty patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy underwent DTI in the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Ningbo University from January 2014 to April 2015. Healthy volunteers served as controls. Fifty patients were divided into three groups (group A , B, C) according to cervical MRI scan standard. Group A (17 cases) had only the dura mater spinalis compressed; Group B (23 cases) showed the cervical spinal cord compressed, but no high signal in it; Group C (10 cases) had the cervical spinal cord compressed with high signal in the same level. The average apparent diffusion coefficients(ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA)values in these examinee were analyzed and all subjects were performed fiber tracking.

RESULTSThere was no statistically significant differences in ADC and FA values in C2/C3, C3/C4, C4/C5, C5/C6, C6/C7 of control group (P>0.05). The average ADC and FA values in control group were (0.875 +/- 0.096) x10(3) mm2/s and 0.720 +/- 0.051, respectively; compared with group A,there was no statistically significant difference; compared with group B and C, there was significant difference; comparison among group A, B, C, there was significant differences.

CONCLUSIONDTI can early and accurately quantify the changes of microstructure in cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Fiber tracking can show the damage range of spinal cord lesions.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Cervical Vertebrae ; diagnostic imaging ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Spondylosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Young Adult

Objective To study the cytothesis effects of haemopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from rat fetal liver on brain injury induced by radiation. Methods Twenty-four female SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model group and treatment group (n=8). Total brain irradiation with 20 Gy X-ray was performed in the model group and the treatment group. Rats in the treatment group received infusion of HSCs from fetal liver (3×106 cells) 24 h, and 7, 14 and 21 d after irradiation, while rats in the model group and controls received infusion of saline at the same dosage. The serum of the rats was collected 12 h after infusion of HSCs each time; spectrophotometry was employed to detect the levels of malonaldehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD); the contents of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin (IL-1 and IL6) were measured by ELISA. Rats were sacrificed on the 28th d for assessing the pathological changes in brain tissue by HE staining and the mRNA level of Y chromosome by RT-PCR. Results Compared with that in the model group, the level of SOD in the treatment group was significantly higher, but the levels ofMDA, TNFα, IL-1 and IL6 were significantly lower in the treatment group 24 h, and 7, 14 and 21 d after the irradiation (P＜0.05). The mRNA expression of Y chromosome was noted and apoptosis of Nissl bodies was also observed in the treatment group; the cerebral cortex in the treatment group was significantly thicker as compared with that in the model group (P＜0.05); regenerative hippocampal neurons were observed in the treatment group. Conclusion HSCs from fetal liver can effectively repair the radiation brain injury.