Objective To explore the possibility of heterodimerization between orexin type 2α receptor (OX2αR) and orexin type 2β receptor (OX2βR).Methods Using confocal laser scanning microscope,enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) to study the interaction between OX2αR and OX2βR.Result Confocal laser scanning microscope and ELISA showed that OX2αR and OX2βR were both expressed in the cytoplasm.The FRET demonstrated that the signal of the experimental group (OX2αR-YFP+ OX2βR-CFP) was significantly stronger than that of control group (YFP+OX2βR-CFP).The BRET value of the experimental group (OX2αR-YFP+OX2βR-Rluc,mBRET ratio was 65± 15) was higher than that of control group (YFP+ OX2βR-Rluc/OX2αR-YFP+Rluc,mBRET ratio was 10±5) (P＜0.05).Conclusion There are heterodimerization between mOX2αR and mOX2βR.

The compound that distributes in the herbs with one common effect was named as "co-effect compound" (CEC). The CECs of three traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) effects, purgative, relieving pain and clearing heat, had been found and studied. A strong corresponding relationship was found between the pharmacological activities of CECs and the TCM effect they belong to. The study shows that it may be a feasible method to connect traditional effect of TCM with modem pharmacological activity.
Anthraquinones ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; pharmacology ; Cathartics ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Flavonoids ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

Objective To review and evaluate the effect of one stage surgical correction of congenital heart disease with tracheal stenosis in infants.Methods Between August 2001 and December 2005,six infants with congenital heart disease with tracheal steno- sis were repaired at one stage operation.The age was 24 d～3 y[mean(13.16?12.03)months]and the weight was 4.2～10.0 kg [mean(7.98?2.03)kg].There were 3 patients with tetralogy of Fallot,1 with pulmonary atresia;2 with ventricular septal defect, 1 with coarctation of aorta;and 1 with pulmonary sling.The congenital heart disease were repaired underwent low temperature and car- diopulmonary bypass,and the tracheal stenosis were corrected simultancously.Results There was one death postoperative because of right and left branch stenosis.One patient with pulmonary sling died of granulation tissue on the patch 3 months after operation.All other 4 patients recovered uneventfully.These patients were followed up from 6 month to 4 years.There were no complications.CT scan shows that the tracheal anastomosis was patent without any stenosis.Conclusion One stage repair of congenital heart disease with tracheal stenosis in infants may have a satisfactory result.To deal with the tracheal stenosis is difficult,the operative methods de- pends on the length of stenosis.The principles of surgical methods consist of using autologous material,maintaining its contour and function of respiratory epithelium,and maintaining its growth.

Objective: To study the relationship between vitamin A (VA) supplementation and the level of IgG antibody to measles strengthened vaccination. Method: Fifty-three school children aged 5-13 years were selected as the test group of VA supplementation, and fifty-two school children as the control group whose ages and sex matched with the test group. The test group was supplicd po the VA pills (2 500IU) at the same time with measles strengthened vaccination for one month. The level of serum VA was analyzed by HPLC. Measles antibody IgG was detected by ELISA. Results: One month after VA supplementation, sernm VA in test group was 376.5?74.2 ?g/L, showing statistical increase over before. The positive rates of measles antibody in the test group were increased from 69.8% to 100%, and the protective rate from 5.6% to 60.4%. The positive rates of measles antibody in the control group were increased from 71.2% to 100%, and the protective rates from 0% to 17.4%. The protective rate in the test group was statistically higher than the control. Conclusion: Simultaneous VA supplementation (especially for the children of VA deficiency) and measles strengthened vaccination contribute to the increase of measles antibody IgG in school children.

Objective To compare curative effect of decompression and conservative treatment for traumatic superior orbital fissure syndrome to discuss the operation indications and the operative oppor-tunity for this syndrome. Methods Data of 12 patients (seven males and five females) with 14 sides were compared to evaluate different curative effect between decompression and conservative treatment so as to optimize the initial corresponding treatment. Results The patients were at mean age of 28 years and followed up for mean six months. All patients were complicated by one and more of following symptoms in-cluding ophthalmoplegia, ptosis, proptosis and anaesthesia in the distribution of V1 and a fixed dilated pupil. There was one patient complicated by orbital apex syndrome. CT showed involvement of the superi-or orbital fissure in seven patients. Of seven patients treated with decompression, six got recovery at dif-ferent degrees. Meanwhile, three out of five patients treated with conservative treatment recovered to some extent. Conclusions Early effective treatment can improve the functional rehabilitation of the injured nerve. Decompression of superior orbital fissure is proved to be effective in ameliorating symptome, re-ducing disability and improving quality of life.

Objective To discuss clinical effects of early (<48 hours after injury) fraeture exter-nal fixation in treatment of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) combined with extremity fracture. Meth-ods The study involved patients with no statistical difference in aspects of age, sex, GCS, fracture ,distri-bution and general condition. According to different treatment methods at early stage (<48 hours), the pa-tients with TBI were divided into Group A (early extremity fracture external fixation) and Group B (early extremity fracture traction or cast immobilization). A comparative observation was done on complications in-cluding bedsore, pneumonia and deep venous thrombosis and on duration in ICU, hospitalization, time for fracture healing and mortality in two groups. Results Incidence rate of bedsore, pneumonia, deep ve-nous thrombosis and mortality in Group A was lower than that in Group B (P<0.05), and Group A had shorter time for ICU, hospitalization and fracture healing (P < 0.05). Conclusion For patients with se-vere TBI combined with extremity fracture, early fracture external fixation is more effective to reduce com-plications, shorten the recovery time and reduce mortality, compared with conservative methods.

Seventy eight patients who need bedside temporary cardiac pacing through left subclavian vein were divided into 2 groups. In group A (n=40) the "three-point measurement" method was applied: a was set for puncture point of left subclavian vein, b was the middle point of angulus sterni, c was the right edge of the sternum at the 4th intercostal space, the length of ab + bc was used to estimate the depth of right atrium for electrode to reach until the success of right ventricular pacing. In group B (n=38) the puncture to the right or the left subclavian vein for temporary pacing was performed with X-ray guidance in catheter lab. Total rescuing time, procedure time and the threshold voltage of cardiac pacing was recorded in each groups. All cases were successful paced without complication related emergency cardiac pacing with a successful rate of 100% in both groups. There was not difference between two groups in the procedure time and the threshold voltage of cardiac pacing (P > 0. 05). The total rescuing time of A group was (10.0± 2.2) min, and that of B group was (30.5±3.5) min (P<0.01). The average depth of the electrode was ab + bc +9.0 cm. The results suggest that "three-point measurement" method is valuable in the guiding of bedside emergent cardiac pacing through the left subclavian vein.

Objective To study the effect and possible mechanism of Apelin in candate on the pain behavior of rat. Methods Tail flick latency(TFL)of rat was taken as pain threshold and radiant heat as nociceptive stimulus. Microinjected Apelin into rat's caudate to observe the effect of Apelin on modulating of pain in CNS and then to study the interaction between Apelin and morphine in modulation of pain.And the contents of cAMP and cGMP in candate tissue and blood plasma were detected.Results Compared with control groups,the pain threshold of rat decreased when Apelin Was injected into caudate alone.Injected 0.5μl Apelin of 10~(-4) moL/L into rat caudate 10 min later,the pain threshold of rat Was reduced(-9.22±1.26)%and 40 min later(-16.95±1.46)%compared with normal saline group(-0.32±1.2)%,(0.17±0.80)%),and it had statistical significance(P<0.01).The contents of cAMP in caudate Was(14.08±2.25)nmol/g and blood plasma(19.94± 4.43)nmol/L compared with normal saline(133.05±20.41)nmol/g,(38.66±6.73)nmol/L,and they had statistical significance(P<0.01).Conclusions Apelin can facilitate the pain behavior of rat induced by radiant heat stimulus and consequently plays a hyperalgesia role in CNS.Apelin may have interaction with morphine and display its hyperalgesia effect through the intracellular second messenger cAMP.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to observe the effect of early goal directed therapy (EGDT) on tissue perfusion, microcirculation and tissue oxygenation in patients with septic shock. METHODS: Patients with early septic shock (<24 hours) who had been admitted to the ICU of Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University from September 2009 through May 2011 were enrolled (research time: 12 months), and they didn't meet the criteria of EGDT. Patients who had one of the following were excluded: stroke, brain injury, other types of shock, severe heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, age below 18 years, pregnancy, end-stage disease, cardiac arrest, extensive burns, oral bleeding, difficulty in opening the mouth, and the onset of septic shock beyond 24 hours. Patients treated with the standard protocol of EGDT were included. Transcutaneous pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide (PtcO2, PtcCO2) were monitored and hemodynamic measurements were obtained. Side-stream dark field (SDF) imaging device was applied to obtain sublingual microcirculation. Hemodynamics, tissue oxygen, and sublingual microcirculation were compared before and after EGDT. If the variable meets the normal distribution, Student's t test was applied. Otherwise, Wilcoxon's rank-sum test was used. Correlation between variables was analyzed with Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient method. RESULTS: Twenty patients were involved, but one patient wasn't analyzed because he didn't meet the EGDT criteria. PtcO2 and PtcCO2 were monitored in 19 patients, of whom sublingual microcirculation was obtained. After EGDT, PtcO2 increased from 62.7±24.0 mmHg to 78.0±30.9 mmHg (P<0.05) and tissue oxygenation index (PtcO2/FiO2) was 110.7±60.4 mmHg before EGDT and 141.6±78.2 mmHg after EGDT (P<0.05). The difference between PtcCO2 and PCO2 decreased significantly after EGDT (P<0.05). The density of perfused small vessels (PPV) and microcirculatory flow index of small vessels (MFI) tended to increase, but there were no significant differences between them (P>0.05). PtcO2, PtcO2/FiO2, and PtcCO2 were not linearly related to central venous saturation, lactate, oxygen delivery, and oxygen consumption (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Peripheral perfusion was improved after EGDT in patients with septic shock, and it was not exactly reflected by the index of systemic perfusion.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a five fluorescence-labeled multiplex amplification system for 15 loci and study genetic polymorphism in Xinjiang Uygur population. METHODS: The STR loci were screened. The alleles were named according to the number of repeats by sequencing. The sensitivity, species specificity, identity and stability of the five fluorescence-labeled multiplex amplification system for the 15 loci were all tested. Then, the genetic polymorphism was analyzed in Xinjiang Uygur population and compared with other ethnic groups including Xizang Tibetan, Xiuyan Manchu, and Guangzhou Han population. RESULTS: The 15 loci multiplex amplification system was established. The sensitivity was 0.3 ng with good species specificity, identity and stability. The distributions of genotype for 13 STR loci in Uygur population were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with no genetic linkage between these loci. Most loci showed statistically significant among different populations. CONCLUSION The established system has application value in forensic evidence. The 13 STR loci in Uygur population have
Alleles ; Ethnicity/genetics* ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Linkage ; Genotype ; Humans ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods* ; Polymorphism, Genetic