Adult ; Carbamazepine ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Drug Eruptions ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Tinnitus ; drug therapy

Diagnostic Errors ; Encephalocele ; diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Meningocele ; diagnosis ; Middle Aged ; Mucocele ; diagnosis ; Sphenoid Sinus ; pathology

Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Chondrosarcoma, Mesenchymal ; metabolism ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemangiopericytoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Meningeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Meningioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Solitary Fibrous Tumors ; metabolism ; pathology ; Vimentin ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Based on the structure and function of acupoint and in association of the definition and principle of sensor, the acupoint is the sensitive element, being sensitive to the physical stimulation with acupuncture and moxibustion and sensitively responded to the disorders; the acupoint is the sensing element, transforming the changes of the acupoint information via the complicated internet conduction, integration and regulation, so as to generate the effects on organic body; the acupoint is the conversion element, transforming every irritation into the bioelectric signal or optical signal so that the organic body could recognize it. Therefore, the acupoint is regarded as the sensor of information in the organic body.
Acupuncture Points ; Electrophysiological Phenomena ; Humans ; Meridians

Background:A recent perspective European study has shown that Chronic Liver Failure-Consortium Organ Failure score(CLIF-C OFs)is an effective diagnostic criteria for acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)in alcoholic or hepatitis C virus patients with acute decompensation(AD). Aims:To assess the efficacy of CLIF-C OFs for distinguishing ACLF in non-hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related chronic liver disease patients with AD. Methods:A total of 274 consecutive non-HBV-related chronic liver disease patients with AD from Jan. 2005 to Dec. 2010 at Shanghai Ren Ji Hospital were enrolled. Patients were divided into three groups:ACLF at admission,ACLF developed within 28-day and non-ACLF according to CLIF-C OFs criteria. Clinical and biochemistry characteristics,severity of the disease and 28-day and 90-day mortality data between ACLF and non-ACLF groups were analyzed. Results:Of the patients assessed,40 had ACLF at admission,27 had ACLF developed within 28-day,207 remained not having ACLF. Patients in ACLF group had higher TB,Cr,INR,ALT,AST,ALB,WBC,score of Child-Pugh,CTP,MELD,MELD-Na than non-ACLF patients(P <0. 05),and were younger in age(P < 0. 01). Incidences of hepatic,renal,cerebral,coagulation,circulation and lung failure,28-day mortality,90-day mortality were significantly higher in ACLF group than in non-ACLF patients( P <0. 01). However,no significant differences were seen in the characteristics mentioned above between ACLF at admission group and ACLF developed at 28-day group(P > 0. 05). TB level at admission and infection occurred within 28-day were the risk factors for developing ACLF(P < 0. 05). Conclusions:ACLF constitutes a more severe subgroup in non-HBV-related chronic liver disease patients with AD,and CLIF-C OFs could help to distinguish ACLF patients out from non-HBV-related chronic liver disease patients with AD.

Objective: To investigate the effect of three types of precipitation inhibitors (PPI) HPMC K4M, HPMC AS MG and Soluplus on the pH-induced supersaturated phase behavior of dl-tetrahydropalmatine (dl-THP) at oral clinical doses. Methods: dl-THP pH solubility phase diagram and desaturation curve during pH-shift were drawn, and the solubility phase diagram was used to support dl-THP phase behavior. Area under the concentration-time curve and supersaturation ratio were used to analyze the effect of PPI on the phase behavior of dl-THP; Polarized light microscope and differential scanning calorimetry were used to analyze the precipitation properties. Results: Under the clinical dosage, the maximum supersaturation of dl-THP during the pH-shift was 3.93, and the supersaturation was lost over time; HPMC K4M, HPMC AS MG, and Soluplus could all maintain the supersaturation within 180 minutes during the pH-shift dissolution. HPMC K4M, HPMC AS MG, and Soluplus maintained supersaturation levels of 1.19, 1.89 and 1.36 respectively at a concentration of 5%, 1.30, 2.35 and 1.86 at a concentration of 20%, and 1.30, 2.60 and 2.07 at a concentration of 50%. Polarized light microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry results showed that crystalline precipitation occurred. Conclusion: All precipitation inhibitors can improve the pH-induced supersaturated phase behavior of tetrahydropalmatine, and this improvement behavior varies with the type and concentration of precipitation inhibitors. HPMC AS MG has the best effect.

Objective: To investigate the effect of HPMC, PVP k30 and PEG 4000 on the phase behavior of andrographolide self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (AG-SNEDDS) dispersed in Fasted-state simulated intestinal fluid (FaSSIF). Methods: The preparation technology of andrographolide AG-SNEDDS was optimized by central composite design. The effect of three types of precipitation inhibitors (PVP-k30, HPMC, PEG 4000) on the supersaturation behavior of AG-SNEDDS dispersed in FaSSIF was investigated with the degree of supersaturation as an evaluation index. The precipitated phase was evaluated by polarized light microscopy (PLM). Results: The results showed that the best prescription of AG-SNEDDS was Capryol 90-Cremophor EL:Tween-20 (1:1)-Transcutol HP (12.9:40.5:46.6). The self-microemulsion was uniform, the drug loading was (6.93 ± 0.04) mg/g. The emulsification time was (22.33 ± 0.33) s, the average particle size was (14.25 ± 0.65) nm. HPMC and PEG 4000 can maintain the supersaturation of AG-SNEDDS after being dispersed in FaSSIF, and the effect was positively correlated with their concentration. As for PVP k30, it reduced the degree of supersaturation at a low concentration, but can maintain supersaturation at medium and high concentration. Using any of the three precipitation inhibitors can reduce the particle size of the precipitated particles. Conclusion: Precipitation inhibitors can maintain the supersaturation of AG when disperse AG-SNEDDS in FaSSIF. The ability to maintain supersaturation varies with the types and concentration of precipitation inhibitor.

Objective To investigate the potential role of angiotensinⅡ(AngⅡ)-angiotensinⅡreceptor 1 (ATRI) pathway on inflammatory activation in the lung of rats. Method Twenty four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, Ang II group, AngⅡ+losartan group and losartan group. Lung wet/dry weight (W/D) was recorded to assess lung injury. The total lung homogenates were prepared to detect nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-?B) activation by electrophoretic mobility gel shift assary (EMSA), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-?mRNA expression by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) by colorimetry. Plasma yon Willebrand Factor (vWF) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Meanwhile, pathological changes were examined under optical microscope. Results Histologically, alveolar edema, hemorrhage, and massive inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in AngⅡgroup, but not in control group and losartan group. Compared with AngⅡgroup, histological injury was lesser in AngⅡ+ losartan group. In AngⅡgroup, lung W/D, NF-?B activation, TNF-?mRNA expression, MPO, MDA and vWF were markedly higher than those in the other three groups. There were not significant differences of lung W/D, NF-?B activation, TNF-?mRNA expression, MPO, MDA and vWF in control group, AngⅡ+ losartan group and losartan group. Conclusions Systemic infusion of AngⅡcould up- regulate inflammatory mediator expression and induce lung injury in rats. AngⅡ, acting mainly through ATRI, induced inflammatory activation in the lung of rats.

Objective To review and evaluate the effect of one stage surgical correction of congenital heart disease with tracheal stenosis in infants.Methods Between August 2001 and December 2005,six infants with congenital heart disease with tracheal steno- sis were repaired at one stage operation.The age was 24 d～3 y[mean(13.16?12.03)months]and the weight was 4.2～10.0 kg [mean(7.98?2.03)kg].There were 3 patients with tetralogy of Fallot,1 with pulmonary atresia;2 with ventricular septal defect, 1 with coarctation of aorta;and 1 with pulmonary sling.The congenital heart disease were repaired underwent low temperature and car- diopulmonary bypass,and the tracheal stenosis were corrected simultancously.Results There was one death postoperative because of right and left branch stenosis.One patient with pulmonary sling died of granulation tissue on the patch 3 months after operation.All other 4 patients recovered uneventfully.These patients were followed up from 6 month to 4 years.There were no complications.CT scan shows that the tracheal anastomosis was patent without any stenosis.Conclusion One stage repair of congenital heart disease with tracheal stenosis in infants may have a satisfactory result.To deal with the tracheal stenosis is difficult,the operative methods de- pends on the length of stenosis.The principles of surgical methods consist of using autologous material,maintaining its contour and function of respiratory epithelium,and maintaining its growth.

Objective: To investigate the influencing factors for myopia among primary and secondary school students in Suzhou, so as to provide basis for myopia prevention and control. Methods: The students in Grade 4-12 were recruited by stratified cluster random sampling method. Gender, grade, parents＇ myopia history, outdoor activity time and video display terminal time were collected through the questionnaire of National Surveillance Program of Influencing Factors for Common Diseases and Health in Students. Uncorrected visual acuity and cycloplegic refraction were tested. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to explore myopia-related factors. Results: A total of 990 questionnaires were distributed, and 882 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective rate of 89.09%. The prevalence rate of myopia was 78.23% ( 690 cases ). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that females ( OR=1.703, 95%CI: 1.173-2.474 ) , middle school students ( OR:5.597-11.949, 95%CI: 3.573-28.349 ) , both parents＇myopia ( OR=2.445, 95%CI: 1.597-3.742 ) , video display terminal time over 3 hours per day ( OR=2.026, 95%CI: 1.235-3.325 ) were risk factors for myopia; outdoor activity time over 2 hours per day ( OR: 0.493-0.510, 95%CI: 0.273-0.943 ) was a protective factor for myopia. Conclusion The prevalence of myopia among primary and secondary school students in Suzhou is 78.23%. Gender, grade, parents＇ myopia history, outdoor activity time and video display terminal time are influencing factors for myopia.