OBJECTIVE: To explore clinical efficacy of autologous platelet-rich plasma(PRP) in treating Rockwood type Ⅲ acromioclavicular dislocation. METHODS: From January 2019 to July 2021, 32 patients with Rockwood type Ⅲ acromioclavicular dislocation were treated with minimally invasive adjustable titanium plate internal fixation, and were divided into PRP group and control group according to whether PRP treatment was performed, with 16 patients in each group. In PRP group, there were 10 males and 6 females, aged from 28 to 47 years old with an average of (36.75±7.14) years old;the time from injury to surgery ranged from 1 to 31 h with an average of (26.13±3.98) h;5 patients on the left side and 11 patients on the right side;PRP was injected once during operation and the 4th and 8th weeks after operation respectively. In control group, there were 8 males and 8 females, aged from 30 to 52 years old with an average of (38.50±5.48) years old; the time from injury to surgery ranged from 1 to 29 h with an average of (25.48±3.11) h;7 patients on the left side and 9 patients on the right side; minimally invasive surgical treatment was performed. Visual analogue scale(VAS) was used to evaluate pain and Constant-Murley score for shoulder joint function was used to evaluate the recovery of shoulder joint movement function before operation and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after operation respectively. RESULTS: All patients were followed up for 12 to 28 months with an average of (18.3±5.2) months. All incisions patients healed well without adverse events such as infection. Postoperative VAS of PRP group at 1, 3, and 6 months were (5.5±1.2), (3.7±1.6), and (2.4±1.2), respectively, while were lower than those of control group (6.6±1.4), (4.9±1.1), and (3.7±1.3), respectively;and had statistical differences between two groups (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in VAS between two groups before operation and 12 months after operation (P>0.05). Postoperative Constant-Murley scores of PRP group at 1, 3, and 6 months were (64.09±11.61), (73.19±12.89), and (82.61±14.81) points, respectively, which were higher than those of control group were (52.32±17.42), (61.65±14.43), and (72.52±11.04) respectively;and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in Constant-Murley scores at 12 months after operation between two groups (P>0.05). In PRP group, there was no statistically significant difference at 6 months and 12 months after operation (P>0.05), while there were statistically significant differences at the other time points (1 month after operation compared with before operation, 3 months after operation compared with 6 months after operation, and 3 months after operation compared with 1 month after operation) (P<0.05). In control group, there was no statistically significant difference when comparing 1 month and 3 months after operation (P>0.05), while at the other time points (1 month after operation with before operation, 3 months after operation with 6 months after operation, and 6 months after operation with 12 months after operation), the differences were all statistically significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Adjustable titanium plate fixation combined with postoperative injection of PRP for the treatment of Rockwood type III acromioclavicular joint dislocation has effect of promoting the recovery of shoulder joint function and reducing pain.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Platelet-Rich Plasma ; Acromioclavicular Joint/surgery* ; Bone Plates ; Titanium ; Joint Dislocations/therapy* ; Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods*

OBJECTIVE: To explore clinical efficacy of membrane-induced technique combined with gastrocnemius muscle flap transposition in treating traumatic osteomyelitis of the upper tibia. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 7 patients with traumatic osteomyelitis of the upper tibia who were treated with membrane-induced technique combined with gastrocnemius muscle flap transposition from January 2022 to December 2023. Among them, there were 4 males and 3 females; aged from 29 to 57 years old; 4 patients were treated after open fracture, 2 patients were treated after closed fracture, and 1 patient was treated after scalding; the courses of disease ranges from 2 weeks to 8 years; sinus tracts were present in all patients, and the lesion range of the tibia ranged from 5 to 9 cm. The results of deep tissue bacterial culture showed that 2 patients were negative, 3 patients were staphylococcus aureus, 1 patient was methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, and 1 patient was pseudomonas aeruginosa and 1 patient was klebsiella pneumoniae. After debridement, the range of bone defect ranged from 8 to 12 cm, and the cortical defect accounted for approximately 30% of the circumference. The area of soft tissue defect ranged from 8.0 cm×2.0 cm to 10.0 cm×6.0 cm. At the first stage, vancomycin-loaded/meropenem/gentamicin-loaded bone cement was implanted. The gastrocnemius muscle flap was repositioned to cover the wound surface and free skin grafting was performed. After an interval of 7 to 10 weeks, the stageⅡsurgery was performed to remove bone cement. Autologous iliac bone mixed with vancomycin/gentamicin and calcium sulfate artificial bone was transplanted, and the wound was sutured. One patient retained the original internal plants, one patient removed the internal plants and replaced them with steel plate external fixation, one patient replaced the internal plants and added steel plate external fixation, and three patients were simply fixed with steel plate external fixation. One year after operation, the recovery of knee joint and ankle joint functions was evaluated by using Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee joint score and Kofoed ankle joint function score respectively. RESULTS: All patients had their wounds closed simultaneously with bone cement implantation and healed well. All patients were followed up for 12 to 17 months after operation, and satisfactory bone healing was achieved at 6 months after stageⅡsurgery. Twelve months after operation, all patients had good bone healing without obvious limping was observed when walking. At 12 months after operation HSS knee joint score ranged from 93 to 100 points, and Kofoed ankle function score ranged from 96 to 100 points. CONCLUSION For traumatic osteomyelitis of the upper tibia, a staged treatment plan combining membrane-induced technique and gastrocnemius flap transposition on the basis of thorough debridement could safely cover the wound surface, effectively control bone infection and achieve satisfactory bone healing, without adverse effects on limb function.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Osteomyelitis/surgery* ; Adult ; Surgical Flaps ; Retrospective Studies ; Tibia/injuries* ; Muscle, Skeletal/surgery*

Objective To summarize our experience and the early and midterm outcomes of stented elephant trunk procedure for right-sided aortic arch (RAA) with Kommerell's diverticulum (KD). Methods From April 2013 to July 2020, patients with RAA and KD who underwent stented elephant trunk procedure at our center were collected. Surgery was performed under moderate hypothermic circulatory arrest combined with selective antegrade cerebral perfusion via median sternotomy. Results A total of 8 patients were included, including 7 males and 1 female with a mean age of 51.88±9.61 years. All patients had an aneurysmal KD and aberrant left subclavian artery. Preoperative comorbidities included acute Stanford type B aortic dissection in 1 patient, aortic arch pseudoaneurysm in 1 patient, acute type B intramural hematoma in 2 patients, and coronary artery disease in 1 patient. Concomitant procedures included reconstruction of the left subclavian artery in all patients and coronary artery bypass grafting in 1 patient. The mean time of operation, cardiopulmonary bypass, aortic cross-clamping, and selective cerebral perfusion was 6.25±1.16 h, 157.75±40.07 min, 77.75±33.10 min, and 28.50±5.55 min, respectively. No intraoperative death occurred. There was 1 in-hospital death. Follow-up was completed in all patients with a mean period of 3.58±2.08 years. No late death occurred. A persistent anastomotic leak of the proximal arch was detected in 1 patient, but reintervention was not performed because neither aortic dilatation nor symptoms of tracheal and esophageal compression were observed during the follow-up. The remaining 6 patients showed positive aortic remodeling with complete thrombosis of the aneurysmal KD, and neither aortic event nor tracheal and esophageal compression occurred. Conclusion Stented elephant trunk procedure is a safe and feasible technique for selected patients with RAA and KD, which can achieve favorable early and midterm outcomes.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of antibiotic cement column combined with iliac bone graft in the treat-ment of open fracture with bone defect of distal femur.Methods From October 2014 to March 2021,16 patients of open frac-ture bone defect of distal femur were treated with antibiotic bone cement column and iliac bone graft,including 12 males and 4 females.The age ranged from 28 to 68 years old.There were 11 cases of traffic accident injury,5 cases of falling injury,3 cases as Gustilo type Ⅰ,5 cases as type Ⅱ and 8 cases as type Ⅲ A.AO classification was used:9 cases of C2 type and 7 cases of C3 type.The time from injury to final bone grafting ranged from 4 to 119 days.The length of bone defect ranged from 2 tol0 cm.Fractures healing time,complications and knee function Merchan score were recorded.Results All the 16 patients were fol-lowed up from 9 to 29 months.The incisions of 16 patients healed in one stage without postoperative infection,plate fracture,limb shortening and valgus and varus deformity.The healing time randed from 4 to 10 months.Knee joint function according to the Merchant scoring standard,showed that 8 cases were excellent,4 cases were good,3 cases were fair,and 1 case was poor.Conclusion The use of antibiotic bone cement column combined with iliac bone graft in the treatment of open and complex bone defects of distal femur is an effective surgical method to prevent infection,assist fracture reduction,increase fixation strength and significantly reduce the amount of bone grafting.

Objective To observe the effect of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid ( Poly-IC ) treatment on the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion ( I / R ) injury in fryperlipidemia rats, and to detect the cerebral infarction, blood-brain barrier permeability and behavioral injury symptoms, to explore the neuroprotective effect of Poly-IC treatment on cerebral I /R injury in fryperlipidemia rats. Methods Hyperlipidemia rats were randomly divided into cerebral I /R group, Poly-IC pretreatment group, Poly-IC post-treatment group and sham operation group, 20 rats in each group. Neurobehavioral performance of rats in each group was recorded according to neurobehavioral score of 0-4 points. Blood-brain barrier permeability of rats in each group was detected by Evans blue staining. TTC staining was used to observe the cerebral infarction in each group. Apoptotic cells in the cerebral cortex of rats in each group was observed by TUNEL staining. The relative expression levels of Bcl-2 and Bax were determined by Western blotting. Results Compared with the sham group, the symptoms of neurobehavioral damage in the I/R group were serious and the score increased significantly (P<0. 05). The scores of Poly-IC pretreatment and post-treatment groups were significantly lower than that of I/R group (P<0. 05). Evans blue staining result showed that the blood-brain barrier permeability of the I/R group was significantly higher than that of the sham group (P<0. 05) , and Poly-IC pretreatment or post-treatment could significantly reduce the blood-brain barrier permeability ( P < 0. 05 ) . No infarct was observed in the sham group with uniform red staining, while white infarct was observed in the brain tissue of the I/R group. Compared with the I/R group, the volume of infarct in both Poly-IC pretreatment and post-treatment groups reduced significantly (P<0. 05). The apoptosis index in cerebral cortex of rats in I/R group was significantly higher than that in sham group ( P < 0 .05 ) , while the apoptosis index in Poly-IC pretreatment or post-treatment group was significantly lower than that in I/R group(P<0. 05 ) . The result of Western blotting showed that, compared with the sham group, the expression of Bax in the I/R group was significantly increased(P<0. 05) , the expression of Bcl-2 was significantly decreased(P<0. 05). Compared with the I/R group, the expression of Bax in the Poly-IC pretreatment or post-treatment group reduced significantly ( P < 0. 05 ) , the expression of Bcl-2 increased significantly(P<0. 05). Conclusion Poly-IC pretreatment or post-treatment can improve the symptoms of neurobehavioral injury, reduce the damage of blood-brain barrier, reduce the volume of cerebral infarction, decrease the apoptosis index of nerve cells, play a neuroprotective effect on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats with hyperlipidemia, and this protective effect may be related to the change of Bcl-2 and Bax expression levels.

Objective To detecte the expressions of phosphorylated p38 MAPK (p-p38 MAPK), Bax and Bcl-2 in the cerebral cortex of hyperlipidemia rats after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and the effect of SB203580 on the expressions of p-p38 MAPK, Bax and Bcl-2, to explore the effect of p38 MAPK activation on the expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 in hyperlipidemia cerebral I/R injury. Methods After the hyperlipidemia model was established, the rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham operation group, operation group (I/R) and SB203580 treatment group (SB+I/R), with 10 rats in each group. The focal cerebral I/R model in hyperlipemia rats was established with thread embolism of the left middle cerebral artery. The neurobehavioral score was used to observe the symptoms of neurobehavioral injury. The 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining was used to detect the volume of cerebral infarction, and the TUNEL staining was used to observe apoptotic cells. The relative expression levels of p-p38 MAPK, Bax and Bcl-2 were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with the sham group, the infarct volume, apoptosis index and neurobehavioral score of rats in the I/R group increased significantly, and the expressions of p-p38 MAPK and Bax increased significantly, and the expression of Bcl-2 decreased significantly (P<0. 05). Compared with the I/R group, rats in the SB+I/R group had less brain damage, the infarct volume and the apoptosis index were significantly reduced, the expressions of p-p38 MAPK reduced significantly, Bax expression decreased while Bcl-2 expression increased. The differences were statistically significant (P<0. 05). Neurobehavioral scores were lower in SB+I/R group than in I/R group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion In the process of cerebral I/R injury in hyperlipidemiarats, activation of p38 MAPK can regulate the expression of Bax and Bcl-2.

Objective To explore the effect and safety of target controlled infusion mode based on precision anesthesia concept in cardiac surgery anesthesia.Methods A total of 100 patients underwent cardiac surgery in our hospital were selected as the research subjects,and they were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group,with 50 cases in each group.The surgical types,surgical related indicators,dosage of anesthetic drugs,and complications of the two groups were compared.Results There was no statistically significant difference in the proportions of patients who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery,valve surgery,macrovascular surgery,artial septal defect repair surgery,or other types of surgery between the two groups(P>0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the surgical time,bleeding volume,infusion volume,proportion of cardiopulmonary bypass,times of postoperative analgesic drug use and mechanical ventilation duration between the two groups(P<0.05).The usage of various anesthetic drugs in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The incidence of complication in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The target controlled infusion mode based on precision anesthesia concept can be used for cardiac surgery anesthesia to reduce the dosage of anesthetic drugs and postoperative complications,and improve the anesthesia effect and surgical safety.

To explore the effectiveness and safety of a Chinese medicinal decoction Wuwei Xiaodu Drink (WWXDD) in inhibiting chronic osteomyelitis via regulatory T cells signaling. The effective constitutes of WWXDD and osteomyelitis related genes were screened. Target proteins were cross-validated using the Venny database. GO function and KEGG pathway analysis were performed for target proteins, while pharmacological network was constructed. The bone properties were analyzed by HE staining and the concentrations of immune factors were measured by ELISA. The expression of CTLA-4 and Foxp3 mRNA and STAT5, p-STAT5, CTLA-4 and Foxp3 protein were detected using Real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively. FACS was used to analyze the percentages of cells. A total of 117 genes overlapped between 785 target genes of the active compounds of WWXDD and 912 osteomyelitis related genes. Inflammation-related genes, including IL-6, TNFα, IL-1β and IL-2 showed high connection degree in the drug-compound-disease-target network. GO function and KEGG pathway analysis revealed that 117 intersection genes mainly enriched in virus infection related pathways, immune related pathways and chemokine signaling pathway. Furthermore, the development of chronic osteomyelitis was suppressed in model rats after treatment with WWXDD. Meanwhile, the concentrations of IL-2 and CD4⁺CD25⁺Foxp3 Treg percentages together with the levels of p-STAT5, CTLA-4 and Foxp3 were also down-regulated. Furthermore, IL-2 and WWXDD drug-containing serum exhibited opposite effects on regulating IL-2, IL-10, TGF-β1, Foxp3, CTLA4 and STAT5. In addition, a STAT5 phosphorylation inhibitor suppressed the expression of Foxp3 and CTLA-4. WWXDD can treat chronic osteomyelitis through suppressing the main regulating factors of Tregs and interfere its immunodepression. Our results bring a new solution for chronic osteomyelitis.
Animals ; Forkhead Transcription Factors/metabolism* ; Interleukin-2/metabolism* ; Osteomyelitis/metabolism* ; Rats ; STAT5 Transcription Factor/metabolism* ; Signal Transduction ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory

OBJECTIVE: To summarize and discuss the clinical efficacy and application value of intravenous drip of linezolid combined with local targeted sustained-release of vancomycin in the treatment of traumatic osteomyelitis of extremities infected with MRSA. METHODS: Thirty patients with traumatic osteomyelitis of extremities infected by MRSA from March 2015 to March 2017 were analyzed retrospectively, including 21 males and 9 females; aged 25 to 64 years old, with an average age of(47.94± 6.23) years old;the course of disease ranged from 9 to 23 months, with an average of (15.68±6.23) months. The lesions were located in tibia in 18 cases and calcaneus in 12 cases. The causes of injury were fall injury in 12 cases, trafficaccident injury in 9 cases and fall injury in 9 cases. There were 22 patients with closed fractures and 8 patients with open fractures. There were 13 cases of internal fixation. Twenty-two patients had sinustract, 8 patients had soft tissue defect with bone and internal fixation exposure, soft tissue defect area ranged from 2.0 cm × 3.0 cm to 8.2 cm × 12.3 cm;10 patients had bone defect, defect area ranged from 0.5 to 3.4 cm;bacterial culture of sinus tract or wound secretion in all patients was MRSA. On the basis of thorough debridement, calcium sulfate artificial bone loaded with vancomycin was implanted in the lesion, and linezolid and glucose injection was given intravenously during the perioperative period. The patients were followed up regularly according to the time of antibiotic use, blood routine, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, liver and kidney function and other related laboratory indexes, X-ray, CT and other imaging examinations, bone healing, flap survival, joint function and McKee's osteomyelitis cure criteria. RESULTS: All the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 3 to 6 years, with a mean of (4.23±0.76) years. No recurrence of osteomyelitis occurred. Fracture healing, infection control, wound healing and functional recovery were achieved. CONCLUSION Intravenous drip of linezolid combined with local targeted sustained-release of vancomycin for the treatment of MRSA infected traumatic osteomyelitis in limbs have significant effects and low recurrence rates.
Adult ; Extremities ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Middle Aged ; Osteomyelitis ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgical Flaps ; Treatment Outcome

In this study, we investigated the genetics, clinical features, and therapeutic approach of 14 patients with 5α-reductase deficiency in China. Genotyping analysis was performed by direct sequencing of PCR products of the steroid 5α-reductase type 2 gene (SRD5A2). The 5α-reductase activities of three novel mutations were investigated by mutagenesis and an in vitro transfection assay. Most patients presented with a microphallus, variable degrees of hypospadias, and cryptorchidism. Eight of 14 patients (57.1%) were initially reared as females and changed their social gender from female to male after puberty. Nine mutations were identified in the 14 patients. p.G203S, p.Q6X, and p.R227Q were the most prevalent mutations. Three mutations (p.K35N, p.H162P, and p.Y136X) have not been reported previously. The nonsense mutation p.Y136X abolished enzymatic activity, whereas p.K35N and p.H162P retained partial enzymatic activity. Topical administration of dihydrotestosterone during infancy or early childhood combined with hypospadia repair surgery had good therapeutic results. In conclusion, we expand the mutation profile of SRD5A2 in the Chinese population. A rational clinical approach to this disorder requires early and accurate diagnosis, especially genetic diagnosis.
3-Oxo-5-alpha-Steroid 4-Dehydrogenase/genetics* ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Asian People/genetics* ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Disorder of Sex Development, 46,XY/genetics* ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood* ; Genitalia, Male/abnormalities* ; Humans ; Hypospadias/genetics* ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood* ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/genetics* ; Mutation/genetics* ; Sequence Alignment ; Steroid Metabolism, Inborn Errors/genetics* ; Testosterone/blood* ; Young Adult