Humans ; Infant ; Spasms, Infantile ; therapy

Objective To explore the different influence of antiepileptic drugs(AEDs)at therapeutic levels to the maturation of brain.Methods 180 healthy Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were divided into infant and adult group.Each age group was administered with PB,CNP,VPA,TPM or normal saline respectively in persistent 5 weeks.The steady-state plasma concentrations of AEDs at the experimental dosage were coincided with the range of clinical therapeutic concentrations.After AEDs withdrawed,the effects of AEDs on cognitive function were assessed by Morris water maze and two-way shuttle box at different time points.Body and brain weight were got immediately when the rats were sacrificed.Histological changes of brain were observed by HE staining,Nissl staining and transmission electron microscopy.Results(1) For immature rats,1 day or 14 days after AEDs withdrawed,there were significant differences between groups exposed to PB or CNP and control group in escape response latency(ERL)in the two-way shuttle box.Even after one month ERLs of immature rats receiving CNP((6.05?2.04)s)or PB((5.81? 1.75)s)were still longer than that of untreated controls((4.75?2.43)s,P

OBJECTIVETo study the antalgic and antiphlogistic functions and mechanism of ronggudingtong (RGDT) plaster (traditional Chinese medicine).

METHODSThe painful models were established with hot plate test or acetic acid writhing and the inflammatory models were established with daubing dimethylbenzene on auricle or injecting formaldehyde in toe or synovial envelope to study the antalgic and antiphlogistic functions of RGDT Plaster. The total protein and leukotriene B4(LTB4) in inflammatory exudate were detected to investigate the antalgic and antiphlogistic mechanism of RGDT plaster. The mice were randomly divided into different groups (n = 11), on the basis of drug using, the indexes of pain threshold, swelling degree were observed. Sixty-six mice were used to establish gasbag synovitis model and randomly divided into normal control group,model control group, positive control group (Voltaren gel 0.8 mg/d)and low/medium/high dosage RGDT plaster treating groups(30 mg/d, 60 mg/d, 120 mg/d).

RESULTS30 mg/d, 60 mg/d,120 mg/d RGDT plaster could upgrade the pain thresholds, remit auricular and foot swelling (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and degrade total protein and LTB4 in inflammatory exudates (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONRGDT plaster has some antalgic and antiphlogistic functions, and one of the mechanisms is depressing synthesis of LTB4.

Analgesics ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; pharmacology ; Leukotriene B4 ; metabolism ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Mice ; Pain ; drug therapy

Objective To provide new ideas for establishment of prevention and control strategy for non-communicable chronic disease (NCD) that are suitable for Chinese people. Methods Sampling survey of patients with chronic disease from 14 provinces combined with literature study and researches on national statistical data were conducted to investigate the application situation and problems of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and control of NCD. Results Status of utilization and satisfaction of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and control of NCD has developed well. The main problems in the promotion and application of TCM lie in insufficient investment, lagging behind of construction of prevention and control system, insufficient professionals and ineffective heritance of practical technique. Conclusion In order to tackle these problems, relevant laws and regulations should be implemented;information management system with TCM features should be improved;construction of diversified technological innovation system should be reinforced, practical and strong technology should be promoted;construction of TCM prevention and control system for chronic diseases should be perfected.

Burkholderia ; isolation & purification ; China ; Humans ; Melioidosis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic mechanism of Jiawei Mojie Tablet (JMT) in treating primary dysmenorrhea (PD) by observing its effect on plasma oxytocin (OT) level in patients in menstrual period.

METHODSSixty-three patients with PD enrolled in the study were randomly divided into the JMT group (n = 33) and the control Group (n = 30, treated with Yueyueshu Granule) to observe the change of OT level in the menstrual period before and after treatment.

RESULTSOT level in patients with PD was obviously higher than that in healthy subjects (P < 0.01), and was positively correlated with the degree of pain (r = 0.738, P < 0.01). OT level reduced significantly after treatment (P < 0.01), the reduction was more significant in the JMT group than that in the control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONJMT could reduce the OT level in menstrual period.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Dysmenorrhea ; blood ; drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Oxytocin ; blood ; Tablets

OBJECTIVETo explore the possibility of brain damage induced by several anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) at therapeutic level to immature brain of rat.

METHODSTotally 160 healthy Spraque-Dawley (SD) rats selected for the study were divided into infant and adult groups. Each age group was treated with phenobarbital (PB), clonazepam (CZP), valproic acid (VPA), topiramate (TPM) or normal saline respectively for 2 or 5 weeks with 8 rats in each group. The steady-state plasma concentrations of AEDs at the experimental dosage were coincided with the range of clinical therapeutic concentrations. Drug levels in plasma were determined by fluorescence polarization. Body and brain weights were measured when the rats were sacrificed. Histological studies on the tissues of frontal lobes and hippocampus were performed by Nissl staining. And ultrastructural changes of brain were observed by the transmission electron microscopy. Plasma neuron-specific enolase (NSE) was determined by ELISA. Expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2 and Bax in neurons was detected by immunohistochemistry. Neuronal apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase biotin-dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL).

RESULTS(1) There were no significant differences in brain weight among all adults groups. While remarkable reduction of brain weight was observed in immature rats exposed to CZP or PB (P < 0.01) for long term. (2) Significant neurodegeneration, neuronal necrosis and decrease in the number of neurons can be observed in the immature rats exposed to CZP or PB for long period. (3) For immature rats, concentration of plasma NSE was increased even after short-term treatment with PB [(8.84 +/- 2.10) nmol/L] compared with control group [(6.27 +/- 1.27) nmol/L] (P < 0.01). And it was increased in immature rats exposed to CZP [(8.15 +/- 1.67) nmol/L] or PB [(8.07 +/- 1.27) nmol/L] for long term compared with controls [(6.02 +/- 1.20) nmol/L] (P < 0.01). But there were no significant differences between AEDs-treated adult rats and control rats. (4) The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax protein in mature brain did not change at therapeutic level. In contrast, expression of Bax protein in the frontal lobe was increased significantly in immature rats receiving CZP and PB for long period compared with control. (5) The number of TUNEL positive cells in immature rats exposed to CZP or PB for long term was obviously increased.

CONCLUSIONSPB and CZP may result in remarkable histological abnormalities, neuronal apoptosis and necrosis in immature brain. The brain damage induced by PB was more serious and persistent than that induced by CZP.

Age Factors ; Animals ; Anticonvulsants ; adverse effects ; Apoptosis ; Brain ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Brain Diseases ; chemically induced ; pathology ; Clonazepam ; adverse effects ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Neurons ; pathology ; Phenobarbital ; adverse effects ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Valproic Acid ; adverse effects ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

Objective To explore the potential mechanisms of carcinogenesis for human eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2(EEF1A2).Methods Specific inhibition of EEF1A2 with siRNA was achieved in human pancreatic cancer cell line,BxPC-3,which usually expresses high level of EEF1A2.The changes of EEF1A2 expression were determined by Western blot.The effect of siRNA in suppressing the proliferation of BxPC-3 cells was determined by MTT assay,and its role in inducing BxPC-3 cell apoptosis evaluated by flow cytometry,TUNEL and transmission electron micro- scope.Results The sequence-specific siRNA effectively suppressed the expression of both EEF1A2 mRNA and protein.Specific inhibition of EEF1A2 with siRNA in pancreatic cancer cell line BxPC-3 could suppress proliferation and induce apoptosis.Conclusion The oncogenicity of EEF1A2 may be related to its role in suppressing the apoptosis and promoting the growth of pancreatic cancer cells.

Objective To compare the distribution situation of human papillomavirus(HPV)infective genotypes in normal cells and atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance(ASC-US)in uterine cervix and its clinical significance.Methods The pol-ymerase chain reaction(PCR)combined with the gene-chips technology were adopted to detect 23 kinds of HPV genotype from 1 000 cases of normal cells specimens and 229 cases of ASC-US specimens.Results 106 cases of HPV-positive infection were de-tected from 1 000 cases of normal cells with the total HPV infection rate of 10.60%(106/1 000),in which the single genotype in-fection rate was 9.30%(93/1 000)and the multiple genotypes infection rate was 1.30%(13/1 000);116 cases of HPV-positive in-fection were detected from 229 cases of cervial ASC-US specimens with the total HPV positive rate was 50.66% (116/229 ),in which the single genotype infection rate was 34.06%(78/229)and the multiple genotypes infection rate was 16.59%(38/229).The total HPV positive rates,single and multiple genotype infection had statistically significantly differences between the two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion The HPV types 16,18,33,42,43,52,58 are the predominant genotypes in normal cervical cells and ASC-US. PCR combined with the gene-chip technology can be used in the HPV genotype detect in cervical cells,conduces to perform the fur-ther distribution management on ASC-US and has the important significance to prevention and control of cervical cancer.

Adolescent ; Biopsy ; Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of Lung, Congenital ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diagnostic Errors ; adverse effects ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Infant ; Lung Diseases ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Lobe Syndrome ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome