OBJECTIVETo investigate a manipulating therapy for treatment of anterior shoulder dislocation in elderly.

METHODSFrom October 2011 to June 2012,27 elderly patients with anterior shoulder dislocation were treated by extorsion traction and pushing manipulation with fingers, including 7 males and 20 females aged from 65 to 86 years old with an average of 77. The course of disease ranged from 1 h to 1 d. The shoulder manifested square deformity, Dugus signs showed positive, and X-ray displayed anterior shoulder dislocation. Dugus fixation was applied for and removed external fixation at 3 weeks after operation and carried out shoulder functional exercise. Functional evaluation standard on shoulder joint injuries was used for evaluate clinical outcomes.

RESULTSAll patients were gained reduction for the first time, and followed up at 3 months after operation, no dislocation occurred. According to functional evaluation standard on shoulder joint injuries, 22 cases got an excellent result,2 cases good,and 1 case moderate.

CONCLUSIONExtorsion traction and pushing manipulating therapy for treatment of anterior shoulder dislocation in elderly, which has advantages of simple, convenient, less painful, and can avoid iatrogenic injury, is feasible to widespread.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Manipulation, Orthopedic ; Shoulder Dislocation ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Shoulder Joint ; physiopathology ; Traction ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of percutaneous transhepaticcholangioscopic lithotomy (PTCSL)combined with rigid cholangioscopy in treatment of recurrent hepatolithiasis. Methods Retrospective analysisof therapeutic result of 54 patientswith postoperative recurrent hepatolithiasisduring January 2012 to January 2015. Twenty eight cases were recruited as the observation group (PTCSL group). Twenty six cases were recruited as the control group (Laparotomy group). Following parameters were observed, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, clearance of stones and postoperative hospital stay. Results The operation time, intraoperative blood loss , clearanceof stones , and the postoperative hospital stay of the PTCSL group werebetter than that of the laparotomy group (P<0.05). The number of patients with postoperative pain of the PTCSL group was significantly lower than in the laparotomygroup (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in other complication rates. There was no difference in terms of stone recurrence , incidence of cholangitis and intrahepatic biliary strictures recurrence ratebetween two groups in follow-up period. Conclusions PTCSL combined with rigid choledochoscopywas a safe and effectivemethod with minimal invasion formanagement of the postoperative recurrent hepatolithiasis. It could got a better resultsin the short-term outcomes.

Objective To explore the effect of LPLD (laparoscopic peritoneal lavage and drainage ) on SAP (severe acute pancreatitis), and to compare its effect with that of non- LPLD (conservative medical management). Methods We collected data from 87 consecutive patients with SAP, from January 2009 to May 2014, including LPLD group (n = 46) and non-LPLD group (n = 41). LPLD was performed in the 1st and 2nd week after the disease onset in LPDP group and other treatment in LPDP group was the same as that in non-LPLD group. Data were comparatively analyzed in two groups about the length of hospital stay, ICU stay, cure rate, incidence of complications and in-hospital mortality. Results In LPLD group, hospital stay, and ICU stay were shorter while cure rate was higher than those in non-LPLD group , and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). In terms of the incidence of complications in two groups, only the incidence of sepsis indicated statistical significance (P < 0.05) and in-hospital mortality did not differ significantly between two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion Compared with non-LPLD, LPLD is effective in short outcome, which is a promising treatment for SAP.

Investigation of simvastatin and its related substances was carried out using a reversed phase ultra performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method. The identification of impurities in simvastatin was performed with a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer, with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source in the negative/positive ion mode. A total of 12 compounds were characterized in commercial samples, among which 2 impurities had never been reported. All the impurities were deduced based on the MS fragment pathways of simvastatin and the biosynthetic pathway of lovastatin. This work provides very useful information for quality control of simvastatin.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Chromatography, Reverse-Phase ; Drug Contamination ; Hypolipidemic Agents ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Simvastatin ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Tablets ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

AIM:To detect the activation of macrophage autophagy caused by lipopolysaccharide ( LPS) and the possible related signaling pathways .METHODS:The macrophage cell line RAW264.7 cultured in vitro was divided into 5 groups according to the culture environment , including normal culture group , starvation-activated sautophagy group , LPS group, LPS+PI3K inhibitor (hVps34) group and LPS+mTOR inhibitor (rapamycin) group.Fluorescent expression vector pcDNA3.1-GFP-LC3 constructed in previous work was transfected into the macrophages .The fluorescence microscopy was used to detect the formation of autophagosome .The mRNA expression of autophagy-associated genes Atg5, Atg7, LC3-II and Bnip3 in the macrophages was detected by qRT-PCR.The protein levels of LC3-II, p-Akt and p-mTOR were deter-mined by Western blotting , so as to evaluate the molecular pathways of autophagy in LPS-activated macrophages .RE-SULTS:The macrophages stably expressing GFP-LC3 were successfully established , which were used to observe the auto-phagy under fluorescence microscope .Compared with normal culture group , the autophagy in starvation group , LPS +hVps34 group and LPS+rapamycin group was significantly increased .The mRNA expression levels of Atg5, LC3-II and Bnip3 were significantly increased in starvation group , LPS+hVps34 group and LPS +rapamycin group , while in LPS group, those decreased slightly .The protein level of p-Akt in starvation group , LPS group and LPS+rapamycin group was significantly increased , while p-mTOR in starvation group , LPS+hVps34 group and LPS+rapamycin group significantly declined .LC3-II expression level in starvation group , LPS+hVps34 group and LPS+rapamycin group was higher than that in control group and LPS group .CONCLUSION: LPS regulates macrophage autophagy , and its possible pathway is the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, but there are some other effective regulatory pathways .

Objective To establish a method for isolation and cultivation of human invasive pituitary adenoma-derived fibroblast in vitro and explore their biological properties in order to investigate the role of the fibroblasts in the invasive growth of the pituitary adenoma.Methods The fibroblasts were isolated from hu- man invasive pituitary adenoma tissue by different rate of adhesion.Primary culture and passage culture were carried out,and growth characteristics of fibroblasts were observed under phase-contrast microscope in primary and passage culture.Immunohistochemical technique was used to identify the fibroblasts.The cell growth curve was measured by MTT method.The ultrastructure was observed under electronmicroscope.Results The cultured invasive pituitary adenoma-derived fibroblasts showed active proliferative ability.The cell bodies was bigger than other tissue fibroblasts,and the cell shape was irregular.The rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex and ribosome were profuse in the cytoplasm.The positive expression rate of collagen[and vi- mentin of the fibroblasts were above 95%.Conclusion The method of different rate of adhesion is success- fully utilized to culture human invasive pituitary adenoma-derived fibroblasts.These cells showed active prolif- erative ability,and maybe have an importent function in the invasive growth of the pituitary adenoma.

OBJECTIVETo compare the difference in the clinical efficacy on posterior circulation ischemia between acupuncture at stellate ganglion and conventional acupuncture as well as the impacts on blood pressure.

METHODSEighty cases of posterior circulation ischemia were randomized into an observation group (40 cases) and a control group (40 cases). In the observation group, acupuncture was applied to the bilateral stellate ganglions on the neck, stimulated with reinforcing technique by rotating the needles. In the control group, the acupuncture of reducing technique was applied to Fengchi (GB 20), Baihui (GV 20), Neiguan (PC 6) and Taichong (LR 3) in the excess syndrome. The even needling or reinforcing technique was applied to Fengchi (GB 20), Baihui (GV 20), Ganshu (BL 18), Shenshu (BL 23) and Zusanli (ST 36) for the deficiency syndrome. The treatment was given once every 3 days and 4 treatments were required totally in the two groups. The changes in total syndrome score, peak Systolic blood flow velocity (Vp) of vertebral artery and basilar artery, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were compared before and after treatment in the two groups. The clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThe total syndrome score was reduced apparently after treatment compared with that before treatment in the two groups (P < 0.01), and the reducing was more obvious in the observation group as compared with that in the control group (P < 0.01). The total effective rate was 87.5% (35/40) in the observation group, higher than 67.5% (27/40, P < 0.05) in the control group. After treatment, the reduced Vp of vertebral artery was not improved apparently as compared with that before treatment in the control group, Vp in blood velocity abnormality (including vascular spasm, stenosis or reduced velocity) of vertebral artery and basilar artery was all improved as compared with that before treatment in the two groups (P < 0.01), and the improvements in the observation group were more obvious than those in the control group (P < 0.01). After treatment, the systolic and diastolic pressures were reduced as compared with those before treatment in the two groups, and the reduced systolic and diastolic pressures in the observation group were more apparent than those in the control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture at stellate ganglion achieves the satisfactory efficacy in the treatment of posterior circulation ischemia and the significant efficacy of reducing blood pressure, more advanced than the conventional acupuncture.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Aged ; Blood Pressure ; Brain Infarction ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stellate Ganglion ; physiopathology ; Treatment Outcome

Hepatic fibrosis models were induced by CCl4 in rats. To explore vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGFβ1) mRNA expression and bcl-2, Bax protein expression levels of intervention and explore the mechanism of the Aralia chinesis anti-hepatic fibrosis. Sixty male Sprague-Dawlley (SD) rats were randomly divided into six groups: nomal group, model group, high-dose (10 mL x kg(-1)), medium-dose (7.5 mL x kg(-1)), low-dose (5.0 mL x kg(-1)) of A. chinesis treated group and colchicine treated group. The change of liver histopathology was observed by HE and Masson staining. The mRNA of VEGF, TGF-β1 were detected by RT-PCR. The protein of Bcl-2 and Bax were detected by Western blot. In the model group liver cell obvious degeneration, necrosis, a large number of collagen fibers of the cable hyperplasia, part visible pseudolobule formation. A. chinesis large, medium, low-dose group and colchicine group liver cell degeneration and necrosis reduced A. chinesis small, medium, and high-dose group was gradually reduced trend and A. chinesis large, middle dose group degree of reduction is particularly significant. Compared with model group, A. chinesis of large, medium and small dose group and colchicine group VEGF mRNA expression, A. chinesis of large, medium-dose group TGF-β1 mRNA expression reduce (P < 0.05); compared with colchicine group, A. chinesis of large, middle dose group of VEGF mRNA expression decreased (P < 0.05); A. chinesis of large, middle dose group of TGF-β1 mRNA expression decreased (P < 0.01), and compared with colchicine group, large dose group of of TGF-β1 mRNA expression decreased (P < 0.05). Compared with model group, A. chinesis of large, medium and small dose group and colchicine group Bcl-2 protein expression reduce (all is P < 0.05). But A. chinesis of large, medium and small dose group and colchicine group of Bax protein expression were increased (P < 0.05). A. chinesis regulation of VEGF, TGF-β1 may prevent the activation of hepatic stellate cells, liver tissue by up regulating the anti-apoptotic protein Bax and down pro-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 expression, thereby to improve the degree of liver fibrosis.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Aralia ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Hepatic Stellate Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; genetics ; metabolism ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To compare the therapeutic effects of 3 operative options with selective high level ligation of spermatic veins, transinguinal canal and renovated Potomo's laparoscopic manage-ment of varicocele. Methods From January 1990 to November 2006, 1075 primary varicocele above grade Ⅱ patients accepted the operations, of them, 685 patients had follow up data and were recruited into this study. These patients were divided into 3 groups according to the operative methods:group A (n=369) was treated with open selective high level ligation of spermatic veins, group B (n=218) was treated with open transinguinal canal operation, and group C (n=98) was treated by renovated Polo-mo's laparoscopic management of varicocele. The complications of the 3 operative methods were com-pared, such as recurrence rate, testicular atrophy rate, scrotal edema rate and semen analysis. The therapeutic effects of these 3 methods were evaluated. Results The recurrence rates of the 3 groups were 3.3%, 7.3% and 5.1%, respectively. Group A had significantly lower recurrence rate than group B, P<0.05. The testicular atrophy rates of 3 groups were 0.5%, 17.9% and 9.2%, respec-tively. There were significant differences among the 3 groups (P<0.05). The scrotal edema rates of the 3 groups were 1.4%, 17.4% and 16.3%, respectively. Group B and C had higher risk of scrotal edema than group A, P<0.05. For patients with ages younger than 30, the improved semen quality rate in group A was higher than in group B and C. The improved semen quality rate in each group of patients younger than 30 was higher than patients with age over 30. Conclusion The open selective high level ligation of spermatic veins is the best choice in the treatment for patients with primary sper-matic varicocele.

Objective:To explore the efficacyof direct anterior approach (DAA) combined with direct posterior approach (DPA) for the treatment of Pipkin IV fracture.Methods:Data of 18 patients with Pipkin IV fracture treated through DAA combined with DPA from January 2016 to April 2019 was retrospectively analyzed. There were 13 males and 5 females, with an average age of 43.2 years (range,19-56 years). Fractures were caused by traffic accident in 15 and by falling in 3. The fracture lines of 13 cases were located below the fovea of the femoral head and 5 cases were located above the fovea. According to Letournel-Judet classification for acetabular fractures, there were 14 cases of posterior acetabular wall fractures, 2 cases of posterior wall fractures involving posterior column, and 2 transverse plus posterior wall fractures. The operation was performed through DAA approach to treat the femoral head fractures, and DPA approach was used to treat acetabular fractures. Radiographs and CT scans of the pelvis were reexamined after surgery, and fracture reduction, healing, and complications such as femoral head necrosis, sciatic nerve injury, superior gluteal neurovascular injury and heterotopic ossification were evaluated. Quality of acetabular reduction was evaluated according to the criteria proposed by Matta. Thompson-Epstein scoring system was used to evaluate hip function.Results:The average operation time was 133 min (range, 75-205 min). And the average blood loss was 371 ml (range, 240-600 ml). All 18 patients were followed up for 6 to 36 months, with an average period of 15.7 months. All fractures healed 10 to14 weeks after surgery. Three patients had symptoms of sciatic nerve injury after the injury, who recovered 6 to 12 weeks after the operation. All femoral head fractures were reduced. According to Matta criteria of reduction quality, anatomic reduction was gained in 13 cases, and satisfactory reduction was obtained in 3 cases, while unsatisfactory reduction was found in 2 cases, and the overall satisfactory rate was 88.9%(16/18). Two patients had Brooker I level heterotopic ossification. There was no iatrogenic vascular injury, avascular necrosis of femoral head, infection, internal fixation failure or other complications. According to the Thompson-Epstein scoring system at the latest follow-up, the functional results of the affected hip were excellent in 7 cases, good in 8, fair in 2 and poor in 1.Conclusion:Treatment of Pipkin IV fractures through DAA combined with DPA approach reduces surgical invasion. And it can directly reduce and fix the femoral head and posterior acetabular fracture, and protect the important structures such as the arteriae circumflexa femoris medialis, sciatic nerve and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve, and reduce the occurrence of complications such as femoral head necrosis and heterotopic ossification. Therefore, DAA combined with DPA is aneffective method for the treatment of Pipkin IV fractures.