Objective To systematically analyze the studies investigating the outcomes of once-yearly administered intravenous zoledronic acid for preventing postmenopausalosteoporosis fracture. Methods Cochrane' s systematic review methodswere used to retrieve the randomized controlled trials (RCT) about decreasing the risks of osteoporosis fracture in postmenopausalwomen by zoledronic acid from Cochrane Library, PubMed(Jan. 1966 to Apr. 2011), OVIDCJan. 1993 to Apr. 2011), EMBASECJan. 1974 to Apr. 2011), CNKI (Jan. 1979 to Apr. 2011), and VIP (Jan. 1989 to Apr. 2011) database. The studieswere limited to human studies including bone fracture rates and follow-up for 2-3 years. All literatures identified from the data sources were evaluated for review inclusion, and the methodology of the included literatures was evaluated. Meta-analysiswas performed using RevMan 5. 0. 25 software. Results Three randomized controlled studies met the inclusion criteria, including a total of 11 947 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Meta analysis results showed that zoledronic acid could reduce clinical vertebral fractures, hip fractures and nonvertebral-nonhip fractures by75% (RR = 0. 25, 95%CI: 0.18-0.36), 33% (RR = 0. 67, 95%CI: 0.52-0.85), and 24% (RR = 0.76, 95%CI: 0.67-0. 87), respectively (P< 0. 05 for all comparisons). The incidence rates of serious adverse events were not significantly different between zoledronic acid groupand placebo group. Conclusion Once-yearly intravenous injection of zoledronic acid (5 mg) can effectively prevent osteoporosis fracture in postmenopausal women without increasing the risk of serious adverse events.

Objective To systematically analyze the studies investigating the outcomes of once-yearly administered intravenous zoledronic acid for preventing postmenopausal osteoporosis fracture. Methods Cochrane's systematic review methodswere used to retrieve the randomized controlled trials (RCT) about decreasing the risks of osteoporosis fracture in postmenopausal women by zoledronic acid from Cochrane Library, PubMed(Jan. 1966 to Apr. 2011), OVID(Jan. 1993 to Apr. 2011), EMBASE(Jan. 1974 to Apr. 2011), CNKI (Jan. 1979 to Apr. 2011), and VIP (Jan. 1989 to Apr. 2011) database. The studieswere limited to human studies including bone fracture rates and follow-up for 2-3 years. All literatures identified from the data sources were evaluated for review inclusion, and the methodology of the included literatures was evaluated. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.0.25 software. Results Three randomized controlled studies met the inclusion criteria, including a total of 11 947 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Meta analysis results showed that zoledronic acid could reduce clinical vertebral fractures, hip fractures and nonvertebral-nonhip fractures by 75% (RR = 0.25, 9 5%CI: 0.18-0.36), 33% (RR = 0.67, 95%CI: 0.52-0.85), and 24% (RR = 0.76, 95%CI: 0.67-0.87), respectively (P< 0.05 for all comparisons). The incidence rates of serious adverse events were not significantly different between zoledronic acid group and placebo group. Conclusion Once-yearly intravenous injection of zoledronic acid (5 mg) can effectively prevent osteoporosis fracture in postmenopausal women without increasing the risk of serious adverse events.

Objective To evaluate the differential diagnostic value of dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(DCE-MRI) and diffusion weighted imaging(DWI) in adenosis of the breast and breast cancer.Methods 30 cases of adenosis and 45 cases of breast cancer with pathological verification were scanned with DCE-MRI and DWI.The MRI features of the lesions were analyzed, including shape,margin,T2WI singal, features of enhancement, time intensity curve(TIC) type, early enhancement rate(EER),peak time, background enhancement and ADC value.Results The irregular margin with or without spiculation and the heterogeneous enhancement were mostly seen in breast cancer (P=0.002,P=0.009, respectively).The TIC type Ⅲ, EER larger than 100% and peak time within 2 minutes were mostly seen in breast cancer(P<0.001).The ADC of breast cancer and adenosis were (1.03±0.24)×10-3mm2/s and (1.34±0.30)×10-3mm2/s respectively(P<0.001).The features of shape,T2WI singal and background enhancement had no statistical significance between adenosis and cancer(P>0.05).Conclusion DCE-MRI combined with DWI will be helpful to the diagnosis of breast lesions.

Objective Differentiation of breast fibroadenoma from breast cancer is of great importance. The purpose of the ar-ticle was to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) in the differentiation of breast fibroadenoma from breast cancer in DCE-TIC ( dynamic contrast enchancement-time intensity curve) platform type ( typeⅡ) . Methods Between March 2014 and May 2016, 64 patients were included in our study, 19 patients with breast fibroadenoma and 45 patients with breast cancer. All the patients underwent DCE-MRI ( dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging) examination before operation. Morpho-logic characteristics, hemodynamic characteristics, EER ( early enhancement rate) and ADC ( apparent diffusion coefficient) values were calculated and statistically compared. Results Among 19 cases of breast fibroadenoma, 9 cases were round or ovoid, 8 cases are lobulated, 2 cases were irregular, 15 cases with clear boundary, 14 cases in mammary gland vascular enlargement, 2 cases of slowinflows, 4 cases of moderate inflows, 13 cases of rapid inflows, and the average ADC value was ( 1. 47 ± 0. 38) × 10-3 mm2/s. Low signal separation present in 11 lesions of fibroadenoma. Among the 45 cases of breast cancer, 17 cases were round or ovoid, 7 cases were lobulat-ed, 21 cases were irregular, 11 cases with clear boundary, 38 cases of mammary gland vascular enlargement, 1 case of slow inflows, 5 ca-ses of moderate inflows, 39 cases of rapid inflows, and the averageADC values was (0.98±0.40)×10-3mm2/s. The shape, (χ2=9.176), margin (χ2=16.452), EER(χ2=18.489) and ADC between breast fibroadenoma and breast cancer were of significantly difference. No significant difference was found in the increased and enlarged blood vessels. The success of ADC values in differentation of breast fibroadenoma from breast cancer was statistically significant( P<0.001), and the area under the curve(AUC)of the ROC, sensitivity and specificity of VE were 94.7% and 71.1%. Conclusion Breast fibroadenoma are in fast inflows in the early phase on the DCE-MRI, and there are differences in morphologic characteristics and mass enhancement ways between patients with breast fibroadenoma and breast cancer. Morphologic characteristics combined with inter-nal low signal separation contribute to the differentiation of breast fibroadenoma from breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the intestinal pathophysiological mechanism of bacterial translocation and endotoxemia in rabbits with acute spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods Paraplegia was induced by injuring the spinal cord of 30 rabbits by the method of Fehlings. Twelve rabbits were used for recording the changes of gastrointestinal (GI) electrophysiology and colon pressure. The left 18 rabbits were experimental group and were killed in 24, 48 and 72 h after injury. The other 6 rabbits served as normal group. Under aseptic condition, samples of blood and mesenteric lymph node were collected for bacterial cultures and endotoxin detection. The small intestines were observed by light and electron microscopy. The colons were inspected by light microscopy. Results After SCI, the electrophysiology of the GI tract was changed especially at the middle and distal colon. The peristalsis of the middle and distal colon was reduced and sometimes even disappeared. In the early stage, the main pathology was hyperemia of blood vessel and infiltration of inflammatory cells. The interepithelial tight junctions became wider and the columnar epithelium was disintegrated. All of the pathological changes may lead to the destruction of the intestinal barrier. The endotoxin level were increased since 24 h after SCI and had statistically significant difference compared with that at 72 h (P0.05). Conclusion After SCI, the middle and distal colon dysfunction induces constipation, bacterial overgrowth, and blood flow congestion. These factors may accelerate the destruction of the intestinal barrier and lead to bacterial translocation and endotoxemia.

Objective To investigate the direct inhibitory effects of 153Sm- DTPA-c (Cys-Gly-Arg-Arg-Ala-Gly-Gly-Ser-Cys) NH2 ( 153 Sm-DTPA-c (CGRRAGGSC)) on human prostate cancer PC-3 cells. Methods 153Sm-DTPA-c(CGRRAGGSC) was synthesized by the reaction of 153SmCl3 with DTPA-c(CGRRAGGSC) using indirect synthesis method. PC-3 cells in vitro culture were divided into four study groups, groug A ( the control, with PBS only), group B with 1.5 mg/L c ( CGRRAGGSC), group C with 370 kBq 153 SmCl3 and group D with 370 kBq 153Sm-DTPA-c(CGRRAGGSC). PC-3 cell growth was assayed by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl ) -2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. Cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression changes of interleukin 11 (IL11 ) and IL11 receptor (IL1 1 R) in PC-3 cells were examined by Western Blot. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and paired-t test were applied for statistic analysis. Results The labeling yield of 153Sm-DTPA-c (CGRRAGGSC) was 85% and the radiochemical purity was 95.8%. The specific activity of 153Sm-DTPA-c(CGRRAGGSC) was 1.32 × 105 MBq/μmol. Significant inhibitory effects on the growth of PC-3 cells were found in both group C and D, with a time-dependent manner. However, no obvious inhibition was found either in group A or in group B. After 48 h,significant differences of sub-G1 peak area were found among groups, (0. 98 ± 0. 18)%, (0. 35 ±0. 10)%, (4.05 ±0.28)% and (13.38 ±0. 89)% for group A, B, C and D, respectively. Furthermore,sexpression of ILl 1R in group D was significantly lower than that in group B and C with absorbance values 0. 339 ~ 0.014, 0.338 ~ 0.019, 0.226 ~ 0. 015 for group B, C and D, respectively. Absorbance values in groups B and C were not significantly different after treatment, compared with those before treatment; however, there was difference between absorbance values after and before treatment in group D ( t = 0. 405,1. 163,135.989,P>0.05 >0.05, <0.05). Conchluion 153Sm-DTPA-c(CGRRAGGSC) can directly in hibit the cell growth and expression of human prostate cancer cells PC-3.

Objective To investigate the correlation between quantitative detection of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA in peripheral blood and metachronous liver metastasis and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC).Methods The quantitative expression of hTERT mRNA in pre-and post-operative peripheral blood were detected with real-time fluorescence quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 168 patients with CRC and normal controls.The postoperative 3 years,prognosis of the CRC patients were followed-up.The relationship between peripheral blood hTERT mRNA expression levels and the metachronous liver metastasis and prognosis of CRC were analyzed.Results The hTERT mRNA expressions in preoperative,6 month postoperative peripheral blood in postoperative liver metastases group were significantly higher than those in the postoperative non-metachronous liver metastases group in the same term [(8.35 ± 5.86) (2-△ △Ct) vs (4.42 ± 2.88) (2-△ △Ct),(1.87 ± 1.85) (2-△ △Ct) vs (1.03 ± 0.92) (2-△△Ct),P ＜ 0.01].The hTERT mRNA expressions in preoperative peripheral blood of CRC group were positively related to the differentiated degree of tumor,tumor size,lymph node metastasis(P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01),and were negatively related to the postoperative survival(P ＜ 0.01).Univariate analysis revealed that hTERT mRNA expressions in preoperative and 6 months postoperative peripheral blood were all correlated with postoperative liver metastases from CRC.Multivariate Cox analysis showed that they were independent risk factors for postoperative CRC liver metastases(EXP =4.282,9.171).The 3 year survival rate of the postoperative CRC liver metastases group was significantly lower than that of the postoperative non-CRC liver metastases group.Conclusions hTERT mRNA expressions in preoperative peripheral blood are related to the important pathologic feature,postoperative liver metastasis and prognosis of CRC.hTERT mRNA expressions in preoperative and 6 months postoperative peripheral blood might be a predictive biomarker for CRC metachronous liver metastases.The elevation of hTERT mRNA expression levels in postoperative peripheral blood were related to postoperative CRC liver metastasis.

Acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock and left main coronary artery disease is called left main shock syndrome. It is reported that the morbility and mortality of the syndrome is approximately 0.46%and 55%-80%, respectively. However, the best treat-ment strategy in these cases is unknown. In this article, we present a patient with LMSS who successively underwent emergency percutane-ous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting with hemodynamic support within 5 days. The patient is now on his three month uneventful out-patient follow-up.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the changes of expression of T lymphoma invasion and metastasis inducing factor 1 (Tiam1) mRNA and lymph node micrometastasis and prognosis in patients with node-negative colorectal cancer(CRC).Methods From June 2008 to August 2010,a total of 63 patients with lymph node-negative CRC,20 patients with lymph node-positive CRC and 25 patients with colorectal benign lesions were enrolled.The relative quantity expression (RQ) of Tiam1 mRNA in CRC cancer tissues and colorectal benign lesions were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The lymph node micrometastasis was determined by cytokeratin 20 detection in lymph nodes tissues.The five-year postoperative prognosis was evaluated by followed-up in the patients with lymph node-negative CRC.The correlation between the expression of Tiam1 mRNA and lymph node micrometastasis and prognosis was analyzed.The t-test,univariate analysis,multivariate analysis and Log-rank test were performed for statistical analysis.Results Lymphnode micrometastasis occurred in 33 from 63 patients with lymph node-negative CRC.The RQ of Tiam1 mRNA in the patients with lymph node-positive CRC was 9.84±-2.36,which was higher than that of patients with lymph node-negative CRC (5.15±3.58),and the difference was statistically significant (t=5.479,P＜0.01).The RQ of Tiam1 mRNA of these two groups were both higher than that of colorectal benign lesion (0.30± 0.21),and the difference was statistically significant(t=20.169,6.745;both P＜0.01).The RQ of Tiam1 mRNA of positive lymph node micrometastasis group was 6.30±1.95,which was higher than that of negative lymph node micrometastasis group (3.88 ± 1.63),and the difference was statistically significant (t=5.330,P＜0.01).In the patients with lymph node-negative CRC,the lower degree of tumor difference,the deeper invasion,the shorter survival time after surgery and postoperative recurrence and metastasis were related with the higher RQ of Tiam1 mRNA in tumor tissues (t=2.536,3.112,3.213,2.676;all P＜0.05).Univariate analysis revealed that the expression of Tiam1 mRNA in cancer tissues was correlated with lymph node micrometastases(x2=11.878,P =0.001).Multivariate analysis showed that it was an independent risk factors of lymph node micrometastases in CRC (relative risk:9.782).The five-year postoperative cumulative survival rate of high Tiaml mRNA expression group was 75.8 ％,which was lower than that of low expression group (97.1 ％),and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =4.575,P＜0.05).Conclusions Tiam1 may participate in the regulation of lymph node metastasis in CRC.Elevated expression of Tiam1 promotes lymph node metastasis and is closely relatived with poor prognosis of node-negative CRC,and which can be considered as an indicator of prognosis.

The gene which encodes (R)-specific carbonyl reductase(rCR) from Candida parapsilosis CCTCC M203011 was cloned.The cloned sequence includes an open reading frame (ORF) consisting of 1011bp, encoding a protein of 336 amino acids, with a molecular weight of 35.9 kD.The nucleotide sequence showed 99% similarity to those of the other members of the alcohol dehydrogenase superfamily.A recombinant Escherichia coli JM109 strain harboring the expression plasmid, produced (R)-1-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol(100%e.e,80.4%yield) from ?-hydroxyacetophenone without any additive to regenerate NAD~ + from NADH.