Poly (β-amino ester)s (PβAEs) contain tertiary amine backbones and biodegradable ester bonds, making them highly biocompatible and pH-responsive. Meanwhile, originated from combinatorial libraries, PβAEs are simple to synthesize, easy to obtain raw materials and can be easily adapted to meet the different performance needs of gene carriers by adjusting the monomer type, monomer ratio and reaction time. Therefore, PβAEs are promising material for non-viral gene carriers. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the properties and synthesis of PβAEs gene carriers and summarizes the progress of research on the gene delivery of each type of PβAEs.

Objective To study the expression of neuroglobulin(Ngb) in cortex of frontal lobe,hippocampus,cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) and plasma of rats during the process of brain edema induced by endotoxin(LPS).Methods Seventy SD rats were randomly divided into the control group(n=10) and the LPS groups(10 each at six time points).An intraventricular injection of LPS(0.1mg/kg,0.2ml) was given to rats in LPS groups,while the same amount of normal saline was given in control group.The plasma,CSF,hippocampus and the cortex of frontal lobe of rats were collected 3,6,12,24,48 and 72 hours after the injection.Ngb was detected by ELISA,Western blotting and immunohistochemical(IHC) method.The brain water content was measured by wet/dry method.The swelling of organelles in hippocampus and the cortex of frontal lobe were observed by transmission electron microscopy(TEM).Results The brain water content was significantly higher in LPS groups than in control group(P

The difference between three representative components of total salvianolic acids in pharmacodynamic activity were compared by three different pharmacological experiments: HUVECs oxidative damage experiment, 4 items of blood coagulation in vitro experiment in rabbits and experimental myocardial ischemia in rats. And the effects of contribution rate of each component were calculated by multi index comprehensive evaluation method based on CRITIC weights. The contribution rates of salvianolic acid B, rosmarinic acid and Danshensu were 28.85%, 30.11%, 41.04%. Apparent oil/water partition coefficient of each representative components of total salvianolic acids in n-octyl alcohol-buffer was tested and the total salvianolic acid components were characterized based on a combination of the approach of self-defined weighting coefficient with effects of contribution rate. Apparent oil/water partition coefficient of total salvianolic acids was 0.32, 1.06, 0.89, 0.98, 0.90, 0.13, 0.02, 0.20, 0.56 when in octanol-water/pH 1.2 dilute hydrochloric acid solution/ pH 2.0, 2.5, 5.0, 5.8, 6.8, 7.4, 7.8 phosphate buffer solution. It provides a certain reference for the characterization of components.
Animals ; Benzofurans ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Cinnamates ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Depsides ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Lactates ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Male ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Solubility

Objective To find out severity and types of syphilis infection in blood donors, attendants and persons to have their premrital medical examination in Zhoushan City and offer a new measure for prevention and treatment of syphilis. Methods Totally, 174 589 blood donors, attendants and persons to have their premarital medical examinations were screened preliminarily for inapparent syphilis with non-TPHA, and then TPHA was applied to confirm the diagnosis, according to the National Standard No. GB 15974-1995, combining with clinical symptoms and physical check-up. Results A total of 1 327 cases of syphilis from 174 589 samples tested, including blood donors, attendants and persons to have their premarital medical examinations, were diagnosed, with an inapparent infection rate of 7. 60‰ in average, 6. 42‰in males and 8. 74‰ in females, with a sex ratio of 0.71 (X2 = 29. 92, P

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of procalcitonin(PCT) in early diagnosis of neonatal infections.Methods Rapid hemi-quantitative immunoassay was used to measure PCT levels in 196 hospitalized neonates, who were divided into sepsis group,(local-)infection group, virus-infection group and non-infection group.Results If plasma PCT≥0.5 ?g/L was taken as positive,the positive rates in sepsis group,local-infection,virus-infection,non-infection group were 87.87%,41.66 %,12.0%,11.11%,respectively.The positive rate of sepsis group was significantly higher than that of the other 3 groups(all P

OBJECTIVE: To establish the rapid PCR amplification program and system and to verify the technical indexes. METHODS: PCR multiplex and capillary electrophoresis detection of 24 autosomal STR loci and one Y-STR loci using the 6-color fluorescence marking technology, as well as A melogenin and Y-InDel. Meanwhile, sensitivity, specificity, identity, stability, mixing and a batch of sample tests were investigated, and the genotype of various routine samples and degraded, exfoliated cell samples were observed. RESULTS: The sensitivity of the system was 0.062 5 ng. In addition, the genotype could be detected accurately only around 65 min via rapid amplification. The species-specificity was high and the genotyping of all kinds of dry blood specimens of filter paper and mixed, degraded, exfoliated cell samples were accurate. CONCLUSION The rapid amplification system can significantly improve the detection rate, and obtain accurate and stable genotyping results, which may be important implications for the establishment of STR database and study on population genetics and forensic identification.
Electrophoresis, Capillary ; Fluorescence ; Genetics, Population ; Genotype ; Humans ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods* ; Sensitivity and Specificity

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical effect of "Jin's three-needling" in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder.

METHODSFifty-eight patients with generalized anxiety were randomly assigned to two groups equally, the medication group treated with anti-anxiety drugs and the acupuncture group with "Jin's three-needling". The treatment course was 6 weeks. The clinical effects were evaluated with Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA), clinical global impression (CGI), and treatment emergent symptom scale (TESS) before treatment and at the end of 2nd, 4th, 6th week of the treatment course. The concentration of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in platelet, and plasma levels of corticosterone (CS) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) were measured with high performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical detection (HPLC-ED) method before and after treatment.

RESULTSThe clinical effects in the two groups were equivalent, while the adverse reaction found in the acupuncture group was less than that in the medication group (P < 0.05). The platelet concentration of 5-HT and plasma ACTH level decreased significantly in both groups after treatment with insignificant difference between the group (P < 0.05). The plasma CS level had no obvious change in the two groups after treatment as compared with that before treatment respectively.

CONCLUSION"Jin's three-needling" shows similar curative effect on generalized anxiety to routine Western medicine but with less adverse reaction, which may be realized through regulating the platelet 5-HT concentration and plasma ACTH level.

Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Adolescent ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ; blood ; Adult ; Anxiety Disorders ; blood ; psychology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Serotonin ; blood

The CO I gene sequences of Qianghuoyu, Pachytriton labiatus and Gehyra mutilata were achieved by PCR amplification and bi-directional sequencing. Furthermore, a pair of specific primers SJYW1 and SJYW2 in the non-conservative district were designed through sequence alignment. The PCR reaction condition was established by changing the annealing temperature and cycle numbers. The results showed that 350 bp DNA fragment was amplified from Qianghuoyu in PCR with annealed temperature at 54 °C and the cycle number was 25 cycles, whereas not any DNA fragment was amplified from P. labiatus and G. mutilata under the same reaction condition. This method is well-performed in the identification of Qianghuoyu for its excellent specificity and repeatability.
Animals ; Drug Contamination ; Medicine, Tibetan Traditional ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods

Objective To explore the effect of Okam on airway inflammation in asthmatic mouse.Methods Thirty-two SPF grade Kunming Strain mice were randomly divided into positive control group,glucocorticoid inhalation group,Okam group and negative control group with 8 mice in each group.The mice were sensitized and repeatedly challenged with ovalbumin(OVA) to establish the models of chronic asthma.The glucocorticoid group were given Budesonide(200 ?g) and saline everyday by inhalation,the Okam group were given 50 mg/kg Okam by gavage,and the positive group had saline at the same time,the negative control group received saline at all stages.The inflammation of the lung tissue were scored underwent HE staining.Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) cell count and differential were studied,and interferon-?(IFN-?),interleukin-4(IL-4) in BALF were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results There were no inflammatory cell infiltrate of bronchiole in the negative control group.Inflammatory infiltration of lung tissue were obvious in the positive control group.Inflammatory infiltration of lung tissue lightened obviously in the Budesonide and Okam groups.The total cell number,Eosinophils(EOS) and IL-4 level in BALF,and the score of the lung tissue in Okam group were all markedly lower than those in positive control group(t=5.942,7.089,7.078 Pa0.05),IFN-? lower(t=4.275 P

Objective To define the stages of medical rescue after earthquake or tsunami disaster and their significance.Method Three stages of medical rescue were defined according to the clinical features of diseases in 3-37 days after earthquake or tsunami in Pakistan and Indonesia.The classification of diseases was based on the criteria of disaster medical rescue set by World Health Organization.Five diseases including injuries/wounds,acute upper respiratory tract infection,acute hemorrhagic enterocolitis,acute enterecolitis and other diseases of internal medicine except epidemic or suspected epidemic diseases were employed to define the stages of disaster medical rescue.Results Injuries/wounds mainly occurred in 6 days after disaster.The incidences were 61.45% to 79.52% and 61.48% to 72.35% in Pakistan and Indonesia,respectively.The incidence of acute upper respiratory tract infection reached to a considerably high rate one week after disaster.Other diseases usually appeared one week later with incidence of 33.93% to 71.11% and 31.50% to 52.11% in Pakistan and Indonesia,respectively.The rate of acute hemorrhagic enterocolitis was 2%o in Indonesia whereas 35‰of acute enterocolitis was found in Pakistan.Conclusion Three stages of disaster medical rescue could be well defined.(1)Early or critical stage(in 6 days after disaster):Treatment of injuries/wound and resuscitation was the primary step to deal with.(2)Intermediate of subaeute stage(7-30days following disaster):The incidences of various kinds of diseases increased and more medical resources were needed in order to treat the upper respiratory tract infection and to lower the disable rate,and to prevent the prevalence of epidemic diseases.(3)Later or recovery stage(1-3months after disaster):The general condition of victims became even better than that of those affected by commonly occurred local diseases,and during this period,there were shortages of medical facilities and medical personnel.Therefore,supplement of medical resources was required.The well defined stages of medical rescue have an important significance for medical rescue teams to treat victims and prevent epidemic diseases more efficiently and timely,and also provide a guidance of scientific basis for the logistics officers of local government as well as our government to make a proper and reasonable distribution of medical resources,and dispatch and arrangement of medical rescue teams.This guidance also helps to make victims re- reliant.