This study analyzed various aspects of what glaucoma patients think about their quality of life(QOL), knowledge of glaucoma, and compliance to treatment. For the study, survey and multifactorial analysis were performed in 165 patients in 10 subject with 60 questions. After the diagnosis of glaucoma, 25.5% of patients were not satisfied with their life compared with 7.3% of them before the diagnosis. Life satisfaction could be decreased from 3.76 point in Likert scale before the diagnosis to 3.07 point after the diagnosis. Life satisfaction decreased significantly in the highly educated group, in the upper or lower income group, and in those who thought as though they were generally healthy. Beside these results, 87.3% of patients were afraid of losing their vision, 78.2% of the patients who had not been operated preferred medical treatment to surgery.
Compliance ; Diagnosis ; Glaucoma* ; Humans ; Quality of Life*

No abstract available.

Keratomileusis-in-situ was performed on 18 eyes(15 patients) to correct high myopia. Average preoperative spherical equivalent was -19.26 diopter(D) with a range of -13.25 to -30.50D. The mean postoperative myopia was -4.80D(-0.00 to -9.00D), checked at 6 months postoperatively. Preoperative corneal refractive power was +43.63D, while it decreased to +35.41D at 6 months postoperatively Of all the cases, there was no significant complication except the one who had irregular astigmatism caused by the epithelial ingrowth in the interface. Uncorrected vision of all the patients improved markedly, compared to those preoperatively. In conclusion, keratomileusis-in-situ is a feasible technique for correcting high amounts of myopia, though the calculation program might be improved to obtain adequate prediction.
Astigmatism ; Humans ; Myopia*

A 22-year old female visited CNUH due to palpable neck mass. Cytologic examination of a fine needle aspiration was performed and the result was Pap class II. Routine chest x-ray shows solitary pulmonary nodule. For rule-out malignancy, FNA at neck mass was repeated and pathologic finding was dysplasia. She was admitted to MI department for evaluation of solitary pulmonary nodule and percutaneous needle aspiration was done. Pathologic diagnosis was adenoid cystic carcinoma. Thereafter, the lesions were treated by excisional biopsy of submandibular gland mass with left supraomohyoid neck dissection and wedge resection of right lower lobe at ENT department and thoracic and cardiovascular surgery department, respectively Final diagnosis was adenoid cystic carcinoma arising in submandibular gland with solitary lung metastasis. According to TMN staging system, surgical staging is stage IV of T2N0M1. Clinical follow-up to postoperative 13 months in this case showed that she is alive and well without evidence of recrrence.
Adenoids* ; Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lung* ; Neck ; Neck Dissection ; Needles ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Salivary Glands* ; Solitary Pulmonary Nodule ; Submandibular Gland ; Thorax

BACKGROUND: Recently, the diagnosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been made more frequently, as the use of ultrasonography on health screening has been on the rise. The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationship between NAFLD and the metabolic syndrome defined by NCEP-ATP III criteria. METHODS: A total of 1,675 subjects, who attended for routine physical check?ups, were screened. Among those, 401 subjects were selected after excluding the subjects with either significant alcohol consumption, evidence of viral or toxic hepatitis, significant liver or renal dysfunction, or overt thyroid disease. NAFLD was diagnosed if the subjects had a "bright liver" on ultrasonographic examination. The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was made according to the criteria of NCEP-ATP III established in 2001. RESULTS: The prevalence of NAFLD was 27.2%. Blood pressure, body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and serum levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, fasting glucose and liver enzymes were higher among the subjects with NAFLD than the control. The prevalence of obesity, IFG/DM, dyslipidemia and hypertension was higher in the NAFLD group. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was 19.2%, which was higher in the NAFLD group than the control group. The odds ratio of NAFLD for the metabolic syndrome was 6.458 (95% C.I. 3.178~13.124). CONCLUSION: NAFLD was closely associated with the metabolic syndrome regardless of the presence of obesity.
Alcohol Drinking ; Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Cholesterol ; Diagnosis ; Drug-Induced Liver Injury ; Dyslipidemias ; Fasting ; Fatty Liver* ; Glucose ; Hypertension ; Liver ; Mass Screening ; Obesity ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; Thyroid Diseases ; Triglycerides ; Ultrasonography ; Waist Circumference

BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding is not common in Korea despite its known benefits. The role of family physicians is important in promoting breast-feeding since they can provide prenatal and postnatal care on lifelong basis. This paper analyzed a survey of family physicians on their knowledge, attitude, experience, and training concerning breastfeeding. METHODS: The survey was carried out by e-mail enquiry to the residents and board-certified physicians registered in the Korean Academy of Family Medicine. The enquiry was developed by Gary L. Freed composed of 18 questions about knowledge, attitudes, experience, and training. The answers to the questions were analyzed to give frequency and the associations between the variables. RESULTS: Among the total, 64% of the residents and 76% of the physicians answered yes to whether breastfeeding was the best means of feeding an infant under 6 months of age. Also, 83% of the residents and 85% of physicians answered it was right to quit breastfeeding completely when breast abscess developed. The breastfeeding promotion was done more frequently by those who had personal experience. They had higher rate of educating patients than those who did not (28% vs. 9%, P<0.0001). Despite its importance, 86.5% of the residents and 77.6% of the physicians answered that they did not have enough opportunity to learn about breastfeeding during their training years. CONCLUSION: Although family physicians are required to play a role in promoting breastfeeding, they are insufficiently trained under the current system. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a traning program to educate the residents on breastfeeding.
Abscess ; Breast ; Breast Feeding* ; Electronic Mail ; Humans ; Infant ; Korea ; Physicians, Family ; Postnatal Care

Neurofibromatosis (NF) is a dysplastic disease which consists of multiple cafe-au-lait spots and neurofibromas from neural sheath. The 61-year-old male patient complained of sudden severe pain on the left buttock started one month ago. On physical examination, multiple "lentigines" were seen on his left buttock which spreaded to the thigh and small soft protruding nodules were observed on the right side of the back and left shoulder. Histopathologic finding of a specimen obtained from a nodule was consistent with neurofibroma. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography revealed asymmetrical hypertrophy of neurovascular bundle located in the left greater sciatic foramen. On diagnosing as NF, he was treated with medication, physical modalities and therapeutic intervention (caudal block). Visual analogue scale (VAS) went down to 3/10 with these treatments and he was discharged. We report successful treatment of buttock pain rarely associated with segmental neurofibromatosis.
Buttocks ; Cafe-au-Lait Spots ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurofibroma ; Neurofibromatoses ; Physical Examination ; Shoulder ; Thigh

The structure and function of short-length amino terminal PTH analogues were studied. The substitution of Leu7 with Phe in [Ala3, 10Leu7Arg11]rPTH (1-11) NH2 analogue peptides did not show any reduction in cAMP formation. Replacement of the 1st, 7th and 8th residues revealed different activities, depending upon the residue type. The substitution of Ala1 by Ser in [Ala3, 10Leu7Arg11]rPTH (1-11) NH2 caused nearly a complete loss of cAMP formation. Meanwhile, NMR analysis of [ (Ala1/ Ser1) Ala3, 10 (Leu7/Phe7) Arg11]rPTH (1-11) NH2 revealed an alpha- helical backbone structure with a flexible conformation at the carboxyl-terminus. The overall results suggest that 11-residue short oligopeptide analogues of PTH tend to form an alpha-helical structure and the different activities of those analogues could be associated with residue specificity rather than the secondary conformational structure.
Amino Acid Substitution ; Animals ; Circular Dichroism ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Human ; LLC-PK1 Cells ; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular ; Parathyroid Hormone/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Receptor, Parathyroid Hormone, Type 1/genetics ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Swine

This is the first report of papillary thyroid carcinoma combined with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) in Korea. MEN1 is a hereditary disease comprising neoplastic disorders such as pituitary, parathyroid and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, such as gastrinoma. But papillary thyroid cancer was never regarded as its component before in Korea. Herein we present a 39-year-old woman who manifested typical features of MEN1 with a coincidental papillary thyroid carcinoma. Although the family history of MEN1 was definite, her genetic analysis of DNA had revealed no germline mutation in MEN1 gene locus. Unidentified culprit gene unable us further genetic study to find LOH (loss of heterogeneity) in 11q13, the possible explanation of papillary thyroid carcinoma as a new component of MEN1. As we have first experienced a case of MEN1 combined with papillary thyroid carcinoma in Korea, we report it with the review of literature.
Adult ; Carcinoma, Papillary/genetics/*pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1/genetics/*pathology ; Mutation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics ; Thyroid Neoplasms/genetics/*pathology

Uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) has been recognized as an aggresive tumor with early and deep myometrial invasion, frequent lympho-vascular space involvement, and a high relapse rate. It has also been shown that deep myometrial invasion cannot predict the risk of extrauterine disease. UPSC accounts for 2-10% of all endometrial cancer and generally occurs in postmenopausal women (mean age 66 years) who usually present with abnormal vaginal bleeding. Obesity, diabetes, hypertension, or a history of previous hormone replacement treatment, known as risk factors of endometrial cancer, are not usually seen in women with UPSC. In this paper, we present a case of uterine papillary serous carcinoma with obesity, hypertension, diabetes. The initial endometrial biopsy showed an endometrioid adenocarcinoma but the result of postoperative pathologic finding revealed UPSC with extension to less than half thickness of the muscle layer and involvement of pelvic lymph node.
Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Endometrioid ; Endometrial Neoplasms* ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Lymph Nodes ; Obesity ; Recurrence ; Risk Factors ; Uterine Hemorrhage