Objective To evaluate the value of the physiological and operative severity score for the enumeration of mortality and morbidity (POSSUM) and P-POSSUM in predicting the risks of orthopedic surgeries for senile patients with femoral neck fracture.Methods A total of 108 patients with femoral neck fractures who underwent hip joint replacement were retrospectively studied using POSSUM and P-POSSUM scoring system to predict their mortality and complication rate.The difference between predictive value and observed value was analyzed by chi-square test.Meanwhile,the patients were divided into two groups based on their POSSUM scores.The differences between two groups were analyzed.Results According to POSSUM scores,47 patients were predicted to have complications(the mean rate was 43.52％),but only 37 did actually (the rate was 34.26％).There was no significant difference between predicted values and observed values (P =0.238).The predicted death toll was 11 cases (the mean rate was 10.19％),but actually only 2 patients died (the rate was 1.85％).Predicted value was higher than observed value.In terms of complications,death toll agreed well with the predicted values calculated by P-POSSUM (predicted death of 4 cases' the mean mortality being 3.70％ ; actual death of 2 cases' the mortality was 1.85％) without significant difference (P =0.625).We divided the patients into two groups with the POSSUM scores 40,and there was no significant difference between predicted values and observed values (P =0.527,P =0.285).Conclusions POSSUM has better predictive ability of morbidity,but overestimates mortality.P-POSSUM more accurately predicts mortality than POSSUM.The predicted results of POSSUM and P-POSSUM scoring systems are satisfactory in the high risk group.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of Mongolian pharmaceutical Betel shisanwei ingredients pill on AC-cAMP-PKA signal transduction pathways in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of depressive rats.

METHODSixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups according to the sugar consumption test (10 rats in each group), normal control group,model group,fluoxetine group (3.3 mg x kg(-1)) and low dose, medium dose and high dose group (0.25, 0.5, 1 g x kg(-1)) of Betel shisanwei ingredients pill. Except the normal control,the other groups were treated with the chronic unpredictable mild stress stimulation combined with lonely raising for 28 days. 10 mL x kg(-1) of drugs were given to each rat once daily,continuously for 28 days. The AC activity of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex were determined by radiation immunity analysis (RIA), while cAMP and PKA quantity were determinated by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA).

RESULTThe AC activity, cAMP and PKA quantity of hippocampus and prefrontal of mouse model of Chronic stress depression decreased significantly than those of control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). However, the AC activity, cAMP and PKA quantity of rat hippocampus and prefrontal cortex in the fluoxetine group and the Mongolian pharmaceutical Betel shisanwei ingredients pill group indecreased significantly than those of model group (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). Especially for the high dose group of Mongolian pharmaceutical Betel shisanwei ingredients pill.

CONCLUSIONThe AC-cAMP-PKA signal transduction pathways in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of depression model of rats is down-regulated, whereas Mongolian pharmaceutical Betel shisanwei ingredients pill could up-regulated it to resist depression.

Adenylyl Cyclases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cyclic AMP ; metabolism ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Depression ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Prefrontal Cortex ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects

Previous methods used for nuclear transplantation were further investigated to develop a method that was both easy to carryout and did not require any special apparatus, such as Piezoimpact or Spindle-View. Following the puncture of zona pellucida with two holes by injection pipette that contained donor nuclei or cells, the injection pipette was pulled back to the perivitelline space while the negative pressure was increased in the holding pipette until the polar body and karyoplasm were wiped off completely. Then a reconstructed embryo was completed by the direct injection of the donor nucleus or cell without pulling out the injection pipette. 200 oocytes were manipulated using this method and it cost about 40 seconds with nucleus injection and about 30 seconds with cell injection to complete a reconstructed embryo. The success rates were 62.6% and 86. 0%, respectively, and enucleation rate was about 73.3% validated by Hoechst 33342. Using this method, the nucleus was completely eliminated and another was injected using the microscope and micromanipulator. Moreover, the efficiency of nuclear transplantation and survival rate of reconstructed embryos were greatly improved. Furthermore, it is very easy to manipulate and popularize in practice.
Animals ; Cell Culture Techniques ; methods ; Cell Nucleus ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cloning, Organism ; methods ; Embryo, Mammalian ; cytology ; metabolism ; Embryonic Development ; Female ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred DBA ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Nuclear Transfer Techniques ; Oocytes ; cytology ; metabolism ; Zona Pellucida ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the difference between digital periapical film and conventional film in the evaluation of tooth length and root resorption.

METHODSA standard for root resorption in vitro was developed based on 20 extracted upper central incisors. Digital periapical films and conventional periapical films were taken before and after the process of simulating root resorption at six different projection angles respectively. The tooth length and root resorption were measured on these films. The results were analyzed by paired-samples rank sum test.

RESULTSSignificant difference on tooth length measurement was found between two types of films on the same projection angle. No significant difference on the length of root resorption calculated on digital and conventional films was found.

CONCLUSIONSThe accuracy of the digital periapical film was greater than that of conventional periapical films. The conventional periapical film can still be used in the evaluation of root resorption.

Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Radiography, Dental, Digital ; Root Resorption ; diagnostic imaging ; Tooth Apex ; diagnostic imaging

Objective To investigate in vivo pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of Meloxicam Chewable Tablets in healthy Beagle's dogs.Method Twelve healthy adult Beagle's dogs were randomized into two groups.Using the double-preparation,double-cycle,cross-over method and administering orally of testing and reference tablet (2 mg) respectively.The plasma concentration of meloxicam was determinated by RP-HPLC.The 3P97 software was adopted to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters and evaluate the bioequivalence of two preparations.Results The area under the curves (AUC0-96 h) of the testing tablets and innovator tablets were (2.85±0.64) and (2.79±0.48) μg/mL·h.The peak time (Tmax) was (4.33±0.65) and (4.16±0.71) h.The peak concentration (Cmax) was (0.091±0.017) and (0.086±0.021) μg/mL.The half time (t1/2) was (26.08±3.64) and (26.94± 4.21) h.After the double unilateral t test,there was no statistical significance in the difference of lnAUC and lnCmax between the testing tablets and innovator tablets.Conclusion The testing tablets and innovator tablets are bioequivalent.The relative bioavailability of generic tablet is (98.0±9.76)％.

This study was aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of bortezomib combined with autologous peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (autoPBSCT) for patients with multiple myeloma (MM). 5 patients underwent autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bortezomib treatment was supplied for patients before autoPBSCT and in the conditioning of transplantation, it was also used in maintaining treatment. Patients with transplantation adopted bortezomib plus melphalan conditioning regimen. The number of infused MNC and number of CD34(+) cells were 4.06×10(8) (4.09×10(8) - 4.37×10(8))/kg and 3.98×10(6) (2.49×10(6) - 8.2×10(6))/kg respectively. The results showed that hematopoiesis was reconstituted in 5 patients, with a neutrophil cell count more than 0.5×10(9)/L at day 14 (13 - 25 days) after transplantation and platelet count more than 50×10(9)/L at day 28 (21 - 41 days) after transplantation. Transplantation-associated death was not observed. 5 patients were disease-free survival. In conclusion, treatment of bortezomib combined with autologous peripheral hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is an effective method for patients with multiple myeloma. Use of bortezomib after transplantation might still be favourable to MM patients, for survival prolongation and life quality improvement.
Adult ; Boronic Acids ; therapeutic use ; Bortezomib ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; therapy ; Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; Pyrazines ; therapeutic use ; Transplantation Conditioning ; methods

Objective To investigate the protective effect of butyrolphthalein on nerve injury in rats with acute cerebral infarction(ACI)by regulating Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear transcription factor-κB(NF-κB)pathway.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into model group and experimental-L,-M,-H groups;ACI models were established in vivo except sham operation group.The experimental-L,-M,-H groups were given 20,40,80 mg·kg-1 butylphthalide,qd,for 7 days;the sham operation group and the model group were given the same amount of 0.9％NaCl,for 7 days.Neural function score,bilateral sticker removal time,balance beam crossing score,cerebral water content and cerebral infarction volume of rats in each group were measured.The expression of axonal growth inhibitory factor A(Nogo-A)and serum inflammatory factor in hippocampus were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The expression of TLR4/NF-κB pathway related proteins was detected by Western blot.Results The neural function scores of sham operation group,model group,and experimental-L,-M,-H groups were 0,3.55±0.52,2.55±0.52,1.82±0.60,0.91±0.30,respectively;the Nogo-A in hippocampus were(0.93±0.23),(6.32±0.53),(5.10±0.55),(3.54±0.57),(1.58±0.30)ng·L-1,respectively;serum Nogo-A were(0.49±0.12),(5.09±0.82),(3.83±0.54),(2.23±0.64),(1.13±0.25)ng·L-1,respectively;TLR4 protein expression were 0.44±0.05,1.23±0.14,0.93±0.07,0.75±0.06,0.55±0.07,respectively;the expressions of p-p65 NF-κB protein were 0.32±0.05,0.82±0.06,0.68±0.08,0.57±0.07,0.44±0.05,respectively.There were statistically significant differences between sham operation group and model group(all P＜0.05).There were significant differences in the above indexes between the model group and the experimental-L,-M,-H groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion Butylphthalein can play a neuroprotective role in ACI rats by regulating TLR4/NF-κB pathway to improve nerve function and reduce inflammatory damage.

OBJECTIVETo construct artificial bone with collagen-hydroxyapatite (HA) or collagen-HA-chondroitin sulfate (CS) as the scaffolds, and observe their biological properties.

METHODSThe artificial bones were constructed by attaching recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) on those scaffolds. And then they were embedded into muscles of rats. Every weekend those newly formed bones were taken from muscles for comparing the difference in osteogenetic capability of two kinds of artificial bone in vivo.

RESULTSBoth kinds of artificial bones could induce bone regeneration in muscle. The collagen-HA-CS artificial bone was superior to the collagen-HA artificial in bone-guided degree.

CONCLUSIONSThe CS could promote the form action of new bone and accelerate the bone healing.

Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ; pharmacology ; Bone Regeneration ; Bone Substitutes ; Chondroitin Sulfates ; Collagen ; Hydroxyapatites ; Implants, Experimental ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; Osteogenesis ; drug effects ; Rats ; Transforming Growth Factor beta

BACKGROUNDAquaporin-1 (AQP1) has involved in fluid transport in diverse pulmonary edema diseases. Our study aimed to explore the dynamic changes of AQP1 in pulmonary water metabolism in rats following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the protective effect provided by shenmai injection.

METHODSSixty male Sprague Dawley rats weighting 280 - 300 g were randomly divided into three groups: the normal control group, the model group and the shenmai injection (SMI) group. One piece skull was taken away without injuring cerebral tissue in normal control group, while rats in model group and SMI group were subject to free fall injury in the cerebral hemisphere. Rats in model group received intraperitoneal normal sodium (15 ml/kg) at one hour post-injury and the same dose of shenmai injection instead in SMI group, respectively. The expression of AQP1 was detected by immunohistochemical analysis and semi-quantitative RT-PCR at 0 hour, 10 hours, 72 hours and 120 hours after TBI. Arterial blood gas analysis and lung wet to dry were also measured.

RESULTSAQP1 was mainly presented in the capillary endothelium and slightly alveolar epithelial cells in three groups, but the expression of AQP1 in the normal control group was positive and tenuous, weakly positive in the model and SMI groups, respectively. Compared with normal control group, AQP1 mRNA levels were down regulated in the model and SMI groups at 10 hours, 72 hours and 120 hours (P < 0.05). While AQP1 mRNA levels in the SMI group was up-regulated than that in the model group (P < 0.05). Lung wet to dry weight ratio (W/D) in the model and SMI groups at 10 hours were higher than that in normal control group (P < 0.05). Compared with normal control group, PaO2 was markedly lower in the model and SMI groups (P < 0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences between model and SMI groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe decreased AQP1 expression may be involved in the increased lung water content and dysfunction of pulmonary water metabolism following TBI. The treatment with SMI could improve water metabolism by promoting AQP1 expression.

Animals ; Aquaporin 1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Brain Injuries ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Immunohistochemistry ; Injections ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on T lymphocyte killing K562 cells. MSCs were isolated from bone marrow and cultured, T cells were harvested by using nylon column method from peripheral blood. The T cells were co-cultured with MSCs, the phenotype expressions of T cell subsets were detected by flow cytometry. Killing effects of T cells (culture alone and co-culture with MSCs) on K562 cells were detected by LDH, expressions of IFN-gamma and IL-4 were detected by ELISA. The results showed that after T cells were co-cultured with MSCs for three days, the proportion of CD4+ and CD4+CD25+ T cells raised significantly (p<0.05) as compared with group of culture alone, but the proportion of CD8+ T cell were not significantly changed (p>0.05). In group of T cells co-cultured with MSCs, killing effects of T cells on K562 cells weakened, at the same time, expression of IFN-gamma decreased while expression of IL-4 increased. It is concluded that the MSCs weaken killing effects of T cells on K562 cells, which associates with increase of CD4+CD25+ T cell subsets and changes of IFN-gamma and IL-4 levels.
Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; CD4 Antigens ; immunology ; Coculture Techniques ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; metabolism ; Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit ; immunology ; Interleukin-4 ; metabolism ; K562 Cells ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; immunology ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; immunology ; metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; immunology