Adult ; Afibrinogenemia ; chemically induced ; Humans ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; chemically induced ; Male ; Valproic Acid ; adverse effects

Abstract: Objective To establish an animal model of BALB/c mice infected with Burkholderia pseudomallei through the nose (inhalation route), provides a reliable animal model for the follow-up studies on the virulence of melioidosis and the pathogenesis of acute melioidosis. Methods　The experiment was carried out through infecting with Burkholderia pseudomallei through the nose (inhalation route). The pathophysiological response, visceral pathological damage and bacterial colonization of the mice infected with Burkholderia pseudomallei were observed by gross anatomy, histopathology and tissue homogenate count, and the biological characteristics of the mouse model of acute melioidosis were analyzed accordingly. Then we compared the physiological responses in BALB/c mice between the Burkholderia pseudomallei and non-pathogenic Burkholderia thailandensis. Results　In the model of acute nasal infection with Burkholderia thailandensis, most death happened between the 3rd to 5th day after infection, 3×105-3×106 CFU was the suitable dose for acute fatal melioidosis model of BALB/c mice, and the medium lethal dose was about 3×104-3×105 CFU. Both gross anatomy and tissue HE staining showed that abscesses or necrosis were found in the lung, spleen and liver, especially in the spleen and lung, which was positively correlated with the challenge dose. Viable bacteria was isolated from the blood, lung, spleen and liver of Burkholderia pseudomallei-infected mice, and the bacteria account colonization was related to tissue specificity. The concentration of live bacteria isolated from in the blood was the highest [Log2 value: (10.28±0.34) CFU/mL], and the organ with the maximum quantity of bacteria was the lung [Log2 value: (7.54±2.11) CFU/total organ]. It has been reported that the biological effects of Burkholderia pseudomallei and its homologous non-pathogenic Burkholderia thailandensis were similar at the cellular level, like multi-nuclear giant cell formation and active intracellular replication, while it is still unclarrified in the differences of virulence in mice. In this study, it was proved that Burkholderia thailandensis was not fatal to mice even at a high dose (8×107CFU), or detected from mice infected with it via nasal. Conclusion　We successfully established a reliable BALB/c mouse model (acute lethal model) of melioidosis via nasal infection, described its biological characteristics, and identified the different biological responses between Burkholderia pseudomallei and its homologous non-pathogenic Burkholderia thailandensis in mice.

ObjectiveTo observe the retinal function and nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). MethodsLASIK was performed in 15 cases (30 eyes) with myopia after strict preoperative examination. All examinations such as vision, correction vision, diopter, intraocular pressure, corneal thickness, ocular axis, topography scan and fundus of eye examination were performed before and 1 day, 1 week, 1 month,3 months and 6 months after operation, as well as electroretinography (ERG), visual evoked potential (VEP), optical coherece tomography at same time. ResultsThere was not significant difference in the intraocular pressure, ERG and VEP 1 day after LASIK. The thickness of RNFL decreased 1 week after LASIK (P<0.05) and recovered 1～6 months later. ConclusionLASIK does not disturb the retinal function and RNFL thickness irreversiblely.

Objective To summarize the progress in dermatological researches in the past 5 years achieved domestically and abroad,and venture to propose the developmental orientation and problems to be emphasized in dermatology in the next 5 years. Methods The achievements and progresses gained in dermatology in the recent 5 years were retrieved by employing the well-know informatics technology. Results Remarkable achievements have been gained in dermatological researches during recent 5 years,especially those concerning psoriasis,connective tissue diseases,vitiligo and dermatomycosis. Two professional journals in dermatology were founded by military medical service in recent 5 years. Several awards for the achievements in dermatology were rewarded,such as,one each,the first-and second-class Army Science and Technology Progress Award,second-class Army Medial Achievements Award,second-class Chinese Science and Technology Award in medicine,provincial level second-class Science and Technology Progress Award,etc. Apart from those awards,researches on investigation and prevention of skin diseases during military training had made important breakthrough. Conclusions In the next 5 years,the points of focus in dermatological research should still be put on serving the basic army units,raising the level of prevention and treatment of skin diseases in the course of training,ensuring the psychological health of soldiers,supporting the important research items and promoting further the development of dermatology.

In order to study the contraindications of the compatibility of Flos Genkwa-Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae, in this study, the solubilizing and poisoning essence were explored. In this experiment, chromatographic assay, field emission scanning electron microscopy, MTT cytotoxicity evaluation, and other methods were used to study the main chemical components, morphology and toxicity of the ethyl acetate part of Flos Genkwa and its co-decoction with glycyrrhizic acid, in order to clarify Flos Genkwa-Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae incompatibility provides a new idea for the research on incompatibility of Flos Genkwa-Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae. The results showed that after co-decoction of the ethyl acetate part of Flos Genkwa with glycyrrhizic acid, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) detected the dissolution of the toxic component yuanhuacine of 54.8%, while yuanhuacine chromatographic peak was not detected in the Flos Genkwa ethyl acetate part of the single decoction. The increase of co-decoction dissolution rate was observed by scanning electron microscopy, and it was found that glycyrrhizic acid uniformly dispersed the fat-soluble components of Flos Genkwa into nano-scale particles, which improved the solubility and stability in the solution. Furthermore, the results of cytotoxicity evaluation showed that the survival rate of cells decreased after co-decoction, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining also gave the same results. In summary, the co-decoction of the ethyl acetate part of Flos Genkwa with glycyrrhizic acid promotes the dissolution of the toxic component yuanhuacine, and makes the part form uniformly distributed nanoparticles, which is conducive to the absorption of the ingredient and increases the toxicity.

OBJECTIVETo study the characteristics and regular pattern of the medicine in common use and combined medication in patients of acute pancreatitis in real world.

METHODCollect the information of 5 433 acute pancreatitis patients in 19 grade IIIA general hospitals in China, analysis by descriptive statistics and association rule.

RESULTIn the 5 433 patients of acute pancreatitis, the glycyrrhizic acid injection and somatostatin are the frequency top used Chinese traditional and western medication. Glycyrrhizic acid injection, somatostatin and insulin are the frequency top used drug combination pattern.

CONCLUSIONThe Chinese and western integrative medicine drug use pattern are accord with the clinical guideline of acute panceatitis. The hepatic and renal function, blood routine and coagulation function should be monitored when the medicines are used.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Glycyrrhizic Acid ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatitis ; drug therapy ; Somatostatin ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

· AIM: To study the in situ relative intraocular position of the iris-claw phakic intraocular lens (PIOL)for high myopia using an anterior chamber optical coherence tomography (AC OCT)prototype.· METHODS: Six PIOLs (11.50 to 22.00D lens powers) were implanted in phakic myopic eyes. Using AC OCT, tomography was taken in the anterior chamber to measure the preoperative anterior chamber depth, postoperative distance between the PIOL and the corneal endothelium (endothelial-optic distance), and the postoperative distance between the PIOL and the crystalline lens.· RESULTS: Preoperative anterior chamber depth ranged from 3.27 to 3.91 mm and the postoperative endothelial-optic distance measured 2,07 to 2,24 mm. The distance between the crystalline lens and the posterior surface of the IOL ranged from 0.82 to 1.32 mm. Several tomography revealed the position of the PIOL on the iris, The pigment layer of the iris did not seem to be disturbed by the presence of the PIOL.· CONCLUSION, The original anterior chamber depths were reduced by 36,1% to 44.6% after implantation. This study of 6 eyes revealed that tomography taken by AC OCT are useful in verifying the intraocular position of the PIOL within the anterior chamber. Adequate space was maintained between the iris-fixated phakic intraocular lens and the corneal endothelium, angle, and crystalline lens.

OBJECTIVETo assess the association of the A260G and A386G single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the DAZL gene with male infertility in the Chinese population of Zhejiang Province.

METHODSWe collected the peripheral blood samples from 317 idiopathic infertile males with azoospermia or oligozoospermia and 246 normal fertile men, and genotyped the polymorphic loci of the A260G and A386G polymorphisms of the DAZL gene using the SNaPshot technique.

RESULTSThe DAZL gene A260G was found genetically polymorphic in the Chinese population of Zhejiang Province, with the gene frequencies and their distribution consistent to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The frequencies of the AA, AG and GG genotypes of the A260G polymorphism were 92.3%, 7.3%, and 0.4% respectively in the normal controls and 94.3%, 5.7%, and 0% in the infertile patients, with no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P = 0.43, OR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.413-1.46). Heterozygosis (AG) of A386G was found in 1 of the control males but not in the infertile patients, while homozygosis (GG) of A386G was not observed in either group (P = 0.259, OR = 0.698, 59% CI: 0.374-1.306).

CONCLUSIONA260G and A386G SNPs of the DAZL gene are not associated with spermatogenic failure and neither represents a molecular marker for the genetic diagnosis of male infertility in the Chinese population of Zhejiang Province.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Azoospermia ; genetics ; China ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Markers ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; genetics ; Male ; Oligospermia ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics

Objective To evaluate the application of western blot in treponema pallidum antibody screening among blood donors.Methods Through standard blood liquidation of syphilis,the sensitivity and specificity of two kinds of TP -ELISA regents and one TPPA regent were evaluated.TP -WB was used to test 279 positive specimens with TP -ELISA,and the correlation between test results of the two methods and the distribution characteristics of WB bands were analyzed. Results The sensitivity of the two kinds of TP -ELISA reagent was 1 00.00%,while the specificity were 92.86% and 85.71 % respectively.At the same,the sensitivity of TPPA reagent was 88.46%,while the specificity was 1 00.00%.In 279 positive specimens with TP -ELISA method,WB confirmed positive was 21 6,positive rate was 77.42%;Including S /Co value >5 and two kinds of ELISA reagent testing both positive specimens were 205,the WB confirmation test positive rate was 1 00.00%,accounted for 99.91 % in 21 6 WB positive samples.Orderly Logistic regression analysis,the method of ELISA S /Co value >5 and double reagent is positive,had statistical correlation with test positive for WB,respectively(P <0.01 );21 6 TP -WB positive specimens WB banding distribution analysis,TP1 7 belt with syphilis antibody IgM,TP1 5 belts and IgG +IgMand IgG exist statistical correlation respectively(P <0.01 ).Conclusion ELISA method of double reagent positive and S /Co value >5 specimens of the basic can be diagnosed with syphilis,WB test with positive results for blood donation member state judgment has guiding significance.

No abstract available.
Anti-Bacterial Agents/*pharmacology ; Bacterial Proteins/*genetics ; Carrier Proteins/*genetics ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial/*genetics ; Humans ; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia/drug effects/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Transposases/*genetics ; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination/*pharmacology