Aged ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Brain Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Leukocyte Common Antigens ; metabolism ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Vascular Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of basic-fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on the xenograft for radial bone defect in adult rats. Twenty adult Wistar rats weighing between 200 and 250g were divided into two groups; bFGF group (10 rats, 20 radiuses) and non-bFGF group (10 rats, 20 radiuses). A segmental bone defect measuring 5mm in length was made at both radiuses 10mm proximal to the wrist joint. The defect was filled with xenograft (Lubboc) measuring 3x3x5 mm in size. The xenograft was treated with 400 ng/ml bFGF (recombinant human basic-fibroblast growth factor ) mixed with liquid collagen (Vitrogen 100) in the bFGF group, but with collagen alone in the non- bFGF group. At 6 and 12 weeks after the treatment, the radiuses were harvested and examined histologically and the area of the remained xenograft not replaced by host bone was measured by image analysis system (VIDAS) on mid-sagittal section. The new bone formation and maturation from the differentiation of osteoblast was more remarkable in the bFGF group than in the non-bFGF group. At the time of 6 and 12 weeks after the treatment, the mean of the remained xenograft area was significantly smaller in the bFGF (9.16+/-0.49mm2, 6.20+/-0.30mm2) than in the non-bFGF group (12.16+/-0.59mm2, 10.07+/-0.48mm2) (P<0.001). In comparison with the areas of new bone replacemet area between 6 week and 12 week groups, sigificant and remarkable new bone replacement area could be achieved in the bFGF group than in the non-bFGF group (P<0.05). From these results, it is suggested that bFGF might increase the replacement of xenograft by new host bone and accelerate the healing process for the segmental bone defect of the radius in adult rats.
Adult ; Animals ; Collagen ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; Heterografts ; Humans ; Osteoblasts ; Osteogenesis ; Radius ; Rats* ; Rats, Wistar ; Wrist Joint

Numbering quantities of medical equipment is studied based on Queueing Theory, which can provide a useful and applicable tool for study on medical equipment numbering.

Objective: To develop a capillary electrophoresis system for purity test and enantioseparation of L-pramipexole. Methods: Using β-CD, HP-β-CD, SBE-β-CD and DM-β-CD as chiral selection agents, we investigated the influence of concentration, pH of chiral selection agent and column length and inner diameter on chiral separation. The enantiomers were baseline separated under the following conditions-uncoated fused silica capillary (50 μm X 47 cm) with an effective length of 40 cm, back-ground electrolyte solution, 40 mmol/l trisodium citrate buffer solution, 0.5% SBE-β-CD, pH 4.0 adjusted by phosphoric acid, 5% methanol, 25 mmol·L-1 SDS, 40 mmol·L-1 sodium tetraborate solution as running buffer, and 16 kV separation voltage. The detection wavelength was set at 254 nm and the column temperature was 30*C. Results: The baseline separation of L-pramipexole was obtained under our condition. The optical isomerism had satisfactory resolution (Rs>2.5) and the content of R-pramipexole was less than 0.5%. Conclusion: The proposed method is simple, reliable and can be used for routine purity test and chiral separation.

Objective: To investigate the expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2(TIMP-2) in the kidneys of rats with acute renal trauma, and to discuss the influence of ulinastatin on their expression and its protective mechanism on the kidney. Methods: The animal model was established by striking the rachi-costaz zone with falling object from the height of 45 cm. Sixty-six rats were randomly divided into three groups:normal control group (C,n = 6),trauma group (TRA,n = 30),and ulinastatin+trauma (UTI,n = 30); the last 2 groups were further divided into 1 h, 6 h, 12 h, 18 h and 24 h subgroups, with 6 animals at each time point. Tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry were used to examine the expression of NF-κB and MMP2/TIMP-2 in different groups. Results: MMP-2 and NF-κB began to express 1 h after trauma in TRA group and their expression was significantly stronger than that in the control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01); their expression reached the peaks at 12 h and 6 h after trauma and then gradually decreased. The expression of MMP-2 and NF-κB in UTI group reached their peaks 18 h and 12 h after trauma,respectively,and was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.01),but was lower than that in the TRA group at corresponding time points(P<0.01,P<0.05). The expression of TIMP-2 was significantly stronger than that in the control group and TRA group at 6 h, 12 h and 18 h after trauma(P<0.01,P<0.05). Conclusion: The expression of NF-κB,MMP-2 is increased in acute traumatic tissue of the kidney; the increase of TIMP-2 is not evident. Ulinastatin can protect the kidney by inhibiting the expression of MMP-2 and NF-κB and maintaining the balance of MMP-2/TIMP-2.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical effect of arthroscopic excision of the os subfibulare in anterior-lateral ankle pain.

METHODSFrom December 2005 to Augest 2014, 16 patients suffering from pain associated with an os subfibulare in the anterior-lateral side of their ankles were reviewed. Among the patients,11 patients were male and 5 were female, with a mean age of (33.5 ± 15.6) years old. The mean maximum diameter of os subfibulare was (0.70 ± 0.26) cm. All the patients underwent excision of the osseous fragments, and had anatomic reconstruction of the anterior talofibular ligament if the anterior-lateral ankle was instable. The average follow-up period was (18.0 ± 4.5) months. To analyze the surgical outcome, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot pain and function scales,visual analogue scale (VAS) and Tegner activity scale were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively.

RESULTSAOFAS scales were preoperative 60.15 ± 14.52 and postoperative 92.35 ± 5.73. There was a significant difference between them (t = -8.251, P = 0.000). The mean VAS score were preoperative 7.35 ± 0.46 and postoperative 2.45 ± 0.98. Statistical significance was also notable (t = 18.105, P = 0.000). Tegner score was significantly increased from preoperative 2.87 ± 1.12 to postoperative 5.78 ± 1.06 (t= -7.548, P = 0.000).

CONCLUSIONIrrespective of the size of os subfibulare, in patients with pain or instability associated with the os subfibulare, arthroscopic excision combined with reconstruction of ther anterior talofibular ligament or not was effective in restoring ankle function and eliminating pain.

Adult ; Ankle Injuries ; surgery ; Ankle Joint ; surgery ; Arthroscopy ; methods ; Female ; Fibula ; surgery ; Humans ; Lateral Ligament, Ankle ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged

The usefulness of microscopic examination of pure bile directly collected from the biliary tract during endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and without hormonal stimulation was evaluated in 86 patients. Cholesterol monohydrate crystal and/or calcium bilirubinate granule were observed in the bile of 64% of GB stones, 88% of CBD stones and l00% of IHD stones. But only 4% of non stone control group were positive crystals examinations. According to this results, microscopic examinations:of bile samples collected during endoscopic retrograde cholangiography exhibited a sensitivity and a specificity for cholelithiasis recognition of 82.3% and 95.8%, respectively, with a positive and negative predictive value of 98.1% and 67.6%, respectively. We conclude that microscopic bile examinations of bile samples collected during ERC is useful to investigate in patients with suspected cholelithiasis.
Bile* ; Biliary Tract ; Bilirubin ; Cholangiography* ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Cholelithiasis ; Cholesterol ; Gallstones ; Humans ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Despite significant advances in the diagnosis and treatment of various malignancies, the management of esophageal cancer remains one of the least responsive malignancies, Unfortunately complete excision of the tumor is impossible, because expandable anatomic structures are involved early when the diagnosis is made. (continue...)
Diagnosis ; Esophageal Neoplasms* ; Esophagus

The objective of cancer screening is to reduce the risk of death, i.e., mortality from cancer among individuals subjected to screening. For cervical and colorectal cancer, the screening test is aimed at detection of preinvasive lesions. Therefore, reduction in the incidence of invasive disease also results from screening. In a national cancer control program, the programs should be orgainzed to ensure that a large proportion of the target group is screened and that those individuals in whom abnormalities are abserved receive appropriate diagnosis and therapy. Agreement should be reached on guidelines to be applied in the national cancer control program. When establishing appropriate cancer screening recommendations several factors should be considered. ① For establishing the starting age, age-specific incidence and mortality rate, life lost person-years, and cost-effectiveness can be considered. ② For frequency of screening, it is necessary to understand the natural history of disease. ③ For choosing the best test tool, sensitivity and specificity, compliance, cost, and adverse effects can be considered. It seems that doctors' willingness to participate is essential for a successful cancer screening program. They should understand the rationale of cancer secreening, its effectiveness, and the risk.
Colorectal Neoplasms ; Compliance ; Diagnosis ; Early Detection of Cancer* ; Incidence ; Korea* ; Mass Screening ; Mortality ; Natural History ; Sensitivity and Specificity