No abstract available.
Shoulder*

PURPOSE: To compare the results of posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction by open and arthroscopic method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1995 to 1997, 18 reconstructions of posterior cruciate ligament were performed. Group 1 (open method) was composed of 9 cases and group 2 (arthroscopic method) was consisted of 9 cases. After 21-month follow-up, The two groups were compared by clinical and radiologic methods. RESULTS: Clinically, Lysholm knee score was 80 points in group 1 and 83 points in group 2 after operation. Post operative results by Hughston's criteria were good in 5, fair in 2 and poor in 2 cases (group 1) and good in 6, fair in 2 and poor in 1 cases (group 2). Radiologically, post operative average of posterior drawer stress view was 5.2 mm (group 1) and 5.0 mm (group 2). Almost double the operation time was taken to reconstruct posterior cruciate ligament by arthroscopic method than open method. There were technical errors in 2 cases performed by arthroscopic method. CONCLUSIONS: The results of both methods had no significant difference. We think that the reconstruction of PCL using patellar tendon by open method is a recommendable treatment method together with arthroscopic method, if the merits or demerits of both methods are considered carefully. But more long-term follow-up is necessary to compare the results of PCL reconstruction by open and arthroscopic methods.
Follow-Up Studies ; Knee ; Patellar Ligament ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament

We calculated the age specific Proportionate Morbidity Ratio(PMR)' for different areas as the outcome index by using the national cancer registry data(1988 1991) to assess the patterns of stomach cancer and bladder cancer. Also, we calculated 'Manufacturing workers Concentration Index(MCI)' for different areas as the exposure index by using the census data reported in 1980 to assess the relationship between cancer site specific PMRs and MCIs. As a result, we found the significant correlation(r=0.61, p=0.002) between the bladder cancer in the age of 40s and the industrial exposure indicator. Future analytic studies should be fruitful in identifying more occupational risk factors for bladder cancer. Investigation of cancer incidence including geographic variations and difference by age may identify patterns suggesting occupational exposures.
Adult* ; Censuses ; Fruit ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea* ; Male* ; Occupational Exposure* ; Risk Factors ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder*

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an acute inflammatory demyelinating disease of central nervous system, and is related to allergic or immune-mediated reaction to systemic viral infection or vaccination, which is usually self limited monophasic illness. As the clinical manifestations or laboratory findings is nonspecific, it is diagnosed by brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showing multiple foci of increased T2 signal within white matter. We report the clinical and radiologic imaging findings in a 36-year-old man in whom acute disseminated encephalomyelitis developed after serologically proven herpes infection combined with liver abscess. His clinical course, despite without corticosteroid or plasmapheresis because of liver abscess, was shown spontaneous remission.
Adult ; Brain ; Central Nervous System ; Demyelinating Diseases ; Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated* ; Humans ; Liver Abscess* ; Liver* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Plasmapheresis ; Remission, Spontaneous ; Vaccination

The majority of lung cancers associated with hyperamylasemia are adenocarcinomas. Here we report an unusual case of a 54-year-old male patient who complained of dyspnea, anterior chest wall discomfort and facial edema for one month, presenting with a huge mediastinal mass and hyperamylasemia complicated by pericardial effusion Histological evaluation of mediastinal mass revealed small cell carcinoma and pericardium showed nonspecific inflammation with fibrosis. The serum amylase had an electrophoretic mobility similar to that of salivary gland enzyme. There were no evidence of a salivary or pancreatic causes of hyperamylasemia. After chemotherapy, parenchymal lung lesions improved and hyperamylasemia disappeared. For the mannagement of peracardial effusion a pericardial window was forms(i. We concluded that the striking increase in serum amylase was due to the ectopic production of this enzyme by the tumor.
Adenocarcinoma ; Amylases* ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; Drug Therapy ; Dyspnea ; Edema ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Hyperamylasemia ; Inflammation ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pericardial Effusion ; Pericardium ; Salivary Glands ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma* ; Strikes, Employee ; Thoracic Wall

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to investigate correlation between the location of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and neurocognitive dysfunction in non-demented Korean vascular depression patients. METHODS: A total of 148 subjects diagnosed with first major depressive episode after the age of 60 were included in this study. Subjects were divided into the vascular depression group (n=83) and the non-vascular depression group (n=65) according to the degree of WMH. The degree and location of WMH on T2-weighted images were measured using the Scheltens scale. In addition, several clinical features, including cognitive functions and depression severities, were evaluated. Correlation analysis was performed for examination of the relationships between the location of WMH and neuropsychological functions. RESULTS: Capsular frontal periventricular hyperintensities showed correlation with poorer performance of the word list memory test, constructional recall test, and trail making test A and B. Lateral ventricular hyperintensities showed correlation with poorer performance of verbal fluency test, word list recognition test, and trail making test B. Deep WMH, especially parietal and occipital lesions, showed an association with poorer performance on trail making test B. In addition, deep WMH, but not periventricular WMH, showed an association with Hamilton Depression Scale score. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that subjects with vascular depression showed significantly poorer performance on neurocognitive tests than those with non-vascular depression. In addition, WMH, depending on their locations, showed different correlations according to details of cognitive dysfunction and severity of depressive symptoms.
Depression ; Humans ; Memory ; Trail Making Test

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is the causative agent of reproductive failure and respiratory disorders in pigs. The viral genome consists of eight overlapping open reading frames (ORFs). ORF5 encodes one of the major glycoproteins and is known as an immunologically important structural protein associated with virus neutralization. The ORF5 gene of the Korean PRRSV isolate, CNV-1, was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), cloned and sequenced. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of CNV-1 ORF5 shared 91% and 83% identity, respectively, with the American isolate (VR2332 strain) and 57% and 49% identity with the European isolate. For the expression and easy purification of ORF5, the cDNA containing the complete ORF5 sequence fused in-frame with sequence encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST) was cloned into a baculovirus transfer vector and transfected into Sf9 cells. The GST-ORF5 fusion protein produced in Sf9 cells was detected by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting. Sequencing results confirmed that the recombinant baculovirus from Sf9 cells contains the complete ORF5 gene. Further studies in this direction will address whether ORF5 can be a good candidate for a subunit vaccine against PRRSV in Korea.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Baculoviridae ; Blotting, Western ; Clone Cells ; DNA, Complementary ; Electrophoresis ; Genome, Viral ; Glutathione Transferase ; Glycoproteins ; Korea ; Open Reading Frames ; Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome ; Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus ; Sequence Analysis ; Sf9 Cells ; Sodium ; Swine ; Viruses

The acromioclavicular separation (AC separation) is a common injury, which is often accompanied by the rupture of the coracoclavicular ligament (CC ligament) in severe occasions. In rare forms of AC separation, the fracture of the coracoid process would occur rather than the rupture of the CC ligament. Only 31 cases of such injury have been reported in the English literature. We present 2 additional cases with literature review. The fracture of the coracoid process is not readily seen on anteroposterior shoulder radiograms. Severe AC separation without widening of CC distance on anteroposterior shoulder radiogram heralds the fracture of the coracoid process.
Ligaments ; Rupture ; Shoulder

STUDY DESIGN: A prospective study OBJECTIVES: To analyze the serial results of selective nerve root blocks in herniated lumbar disc patients. LITERATURE REVIEW SUMMARY: To our knowledge there has been no study demonstrating the serial efficacy of root blocks for patients with a herniated lumbar disc only. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Selective nerve root blocks were performed in 36 patients who had a lumbar disc herniation only, with radiculopathy, between November 2002 and April 2003. The diagnoses were made by CT or MRI, which agreed with the symptoms and physical examinations. There were 31 men and 5 women, with a mean age of 28.2 years. The mean interval between the onset and procedure was 7.6 weeks, ranging from 1 to 26 weeks. Mono- and double-segment injections were used in 18 cases, respectwely. The straight leg raising angle, visual analogue pain scale, and motor and sensory functions were investigated before, immediately, 2 days, and 1 and 3 months after the procedure. RESULTS: The mean straight leg raising angle improved significantly, from 28+/-9 degrees to 53+/-18 degrees, immediately, and was maintained until 3 months after the procedure (P<0.001). The visual analogue pain scale was also improved, from 4.6+/-0.9 to 2.0+/-1.5, immediately, and was maintained until 3 months after the procedure (P<0.001). Two of ten patients with motor weakness, and six of eighteen with sensory deficit were improved. There was no procedure related complication; however, surgical treatment was performed in two patients who showed no improvement until 3 months. CONCLUSIONS: Selective nerve root block is a safe and effective treatment method to obtain a rapid and remarkable improvement of radiculopathy in herniated lumbar disc patients.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Leg ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Pain Measurement ; Physical Examination ; Prospective Studies ; Radiculopathy ; Sensation

STUDY DESIGN: A prospective study OBJECTIVES: To analyze the serial results of selective nerve root blocks in herniated lumbar disc patients. LITERATURE REVIEW SUMMARY: To our knowledge there has been no study demonstrating the serial efficacy of root blocks for patients with a herniated lumbar disc only. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Selective nerve root blocks were performed in 36 patients who had a lumbar disc herniation only, with radiculopathy, between November 2002 and April 2003. The diagnoses were made by CT or MRI, which agreed with the symptoms and physical examinations. There were 31 men and 5 women, with a mean age of 28.2 years. The mean interval between the onset and procedure was 7.6 weeks, ranging from 1 to 26 weeks. Mono- and double-segment injections were used in 18 cases, respectwely. The straight leg raising angle, visual analogue pain scale, and motor and sensory functions were investigated before, immediately, 2 days, and 1 and 3 months after the procedure. RESULTS: The mean straight leg raising angle improved significantly, from 28+/-9 degrees to 53+/-18 degrees, immediately, and was maintained until 3 months after the procedure (P<0.001). The visual analogue pain scale was also improved, from 4.6+/-0.9 to 2.0+/-1.5, immediately, and was maintained until 3 months after the procedure (P<0.001). Two of ten patients with motor weakness, and six of eighteen with sensory deficit were improved. There was no procedure related complication; however, surgical treatment was performed in two patients who showed no improvement until 3 months. CONCLUSIONS: Selective nerve root block is a safe and effective treatment method to obtain a rapid and remarkable improvement of radiculopathy in herniated lumbar disc patients.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Leg ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Pain Measurement ; Physical Examination ; Prospective Studies ; Radiculopathy ; Sensation