Child ; Consensus ; Haemophilus Infections ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Haemophilus influenzae ; Humans ; Infant

Bronchiolitis ; diagnosis ; Haemophilus Infections ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Silicosis ; diagnosis

Prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) caused by Haemophilus parainfluenzae (H. parainfluenzae) is very rare. Here, we report a case of H. parainfluenzae PVE that developed following the Bentall procedure complicated by a pseudoaneurysm and cerebral emboli. A diagnosis was delayed in this case because of the slow-growing nature of the organism and the unusual clinical presentation.
Aneurysm, False* ; Diagnosis ; Endocarditis* ; Haemophilus parainfluenzae* ; Heart Valve Prosthesis ; Intracranial Embolism ; Paramyxoviridae Infections

Prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) caused by Haemophilus parainfluenzae (H. parainfluenzae) is very rare. Here, we report a case of H. parainfluenzae PVE that developed following the Bentall procedure complicated by a pseudoaneurysm and cerebral emboli. A diagnosis was delayed in this case because of the slow-growing nature of the organism and the unusual clinical presentation.
Aneurysm, False* ; Diagnosis ; Endocarditis* ; Haemophilus parainfluenzae* ; Heart Valve Prosthesis ; Intracranial Embolism ; Paramyxoviridae Infections

Haemophilus aphrophilus is an aerobic, gram-negative oropharyngeal bacterium, commonly isolated from cases of HACEK endocarditis. In addition, H. aphrophilus has also been shown to cause invasive bone and joint infections. Although multiple cases of H. aphrophilus endocarditis have been described, no cases of invasive bone and joint infections caused by H. aphrophilus have been reported in Korea. Here we report the case of a 69-year old woman with a diagnosis of vertebral osteomyelitis and spinal epidural abscess with compressive myelopathy caused by H. aphrophilus, in which there was no objective evidence of infective endocarditis. She was successfully treated with intravenous administration of cefotaxime and drainage of the epidural abscess by laminectomy of the T3-7 vertebrae.
Administration, Intravenous ; Aged ; Aggregatibacter aphrophilus* ; Cefotaxime ; Diagnosis ; Drainage ; Endocarditis ; Epidural Abscess* ; Female ; Haemophilus Infections ; Haemophilus* ; Humans ; Joints ; Korea ; Laminectomy ; Osteomyelitis* ; Spinal Cord Compression ; Spine ; Spondylitis

To establish a novel colloidal gold immunochromatography assay (GICA) for rapid, sensitive and accurate detection of Haemophilus influenzae infection by using the outer membrane protein P6 as detection target. First, the linear antigen epitope located in the extracellular domain of the P6 protein (GenBank accession number: AGH02799) was predicted by bioinformatics analysis. The region (62-75 aa of the protein) with strong antigen specificity was chosen and synthesized. Two rabbits were then immunized by the polypeptides (14 aa) for production of polyclonal antibodies. Then, the recombinant P6 proteins were also obtained to produce polyclonal antibodies. Finally, based on the two antibodies, a novel colloidal GICA for detection of Haemophilus influenzae infection was established and the specificity, sensitivity, repeatability and stability of this method were evaluated. At the same time, the method was tested in clinical simulation, and the plate culture method was used to verify its accuracy. The test strip for Haemophilus influenzae infection was successfully prepared. The detection limit of the test strip was as low as 1×105 CFU/mL and the whole process can be completed within 15 minutes. The strip specifically recognized Haemophilus influenzae and did not react with nine of other common respiratory pathogens such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Mycoplasma pneumonia, and Legionella pneumophila. And the strips could be stored at 25 °C for at least 6 months without losing sensitivity or specificity. The coincidence rate between the results of 200 clinical samples and the plate culture method was 90.5%. Haemophilus influenzae protein P6, which possessed a high degree of surface antigen accessibility and antigencity, could be used as a marker for Haemophilus influenzae detection. The immunochromatographic colloidal gold test strip which bears the features of rapidity, convenience and sensitivity provides a unique tool for the on-site surveillance and diagnosis of Haemophilus influenzae infection in clinical test.
Animals ; Chromatography, Affinity ; instrumentation ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; standards ; Gold Colloid ; chemistry ; Haemophilus Infections ; diagnosis ; Haemophilus influenzae ; Humans ; Limit of Detection ; Rabbits ; Sensitivity and Specificity

This study was performed to investigate polymerase chain reaction-based detection of bacterial DNA in middle ear fluid and assess the correlation between the PCR-positive rate with several factors associated with middle ear effusion. The purpose was to gain a further understanding of bacterial infection as a major cause of otitis media with effusion. Of the 278 specimens of middle ear fluid, 39 (14%) tested positive by ordinary culture. The overall detection rate of bacterial DNA using the PCR method was 36.7% for middle ear effusion, and bacterial DNA detection rates of Hemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis in the middle ear effusion were 29.1%, 4.7% and 10.8%, respectively. The bacterial DNA detection rate was higher in ears with a history of acute otitis media than those without the history. High detection rates were observed in patients younger than 48 months who have had a higher tendency to present with acute otitis media. We concluded that PCR is a more sensitive method for the detection of bacteria in middle ear effusion than ordinary culture, and acute otitis media is a major contributor to the pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chronic Disease ; DNA, Bacterial/analysis ; Haemophilus Infections/*diagnosis ; Haemophilus influenzae/genetics/*isolation & purification ; Humans ; Infant ; Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis/genetics/isolation & purification ; Moraxellaceae Infections/diagnosis ; Otitis Media with Effusion/*diagnosis/*microbiology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Streptococcal Infections/diagnosis ; Streptococcus pneumoniae/genetics/isolation & purification

Acute Disease ; Bacteria ; isolation & purification ; Child, Preschool ; Haemophilus influenzae ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Nasopharynx ; microbiology ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; diagnosis ; microbiology ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; isolation & purification ; Trachea ; microbiology

PURPOSE: A full view of the spectrum of all bacterial diseases in healthy children is essential to the establishment of public health priorities. Accurate information on the relative importance of the various pathogens in terms of the age of the affected patients, the site of infection and the case fatality rate are valuable to the clinician in choosing antimicrobial treatments. METHODS: Fifty-nine episodes of bacteremia were analysed. Data were collected at Ilsan Paik Hospital from January 2000 to December 2003. Analysis of each collected episode included isolating pathogen from blood culture, diagnosis, hospital course, isolating pathogens from other tissue sites, and studying results of antimicrobial sensitivity tests. RESULTS: Fifty-nine cases of community-acquired bacteremia were reviewed. The most common pathogen was Staphylococcus aureus (11 cases, 18.6 percent), followed by Salmonella (10 cases, 16.9 percent), E. coli (7 cases, 11.9 percent), Streptococcus pneumoniae (five cases, 8.5 percent), Streptococcus viridans (5 cases 8.5 percent). The most common diagnosis was bacteremia without an indentified focus (61 percent), followed by meningitis (12 percent), bacteremia with enteritis (10.2 percent) and bacteremia with urinary tract infection (8.5 percent). Salmonella was still an important causative agent of bacteremia. The relative importance of Haemophilus influenza and Streptococcus pneumoniae was lower than in other studies. The most common organism responsible for bacteremia without an identified focus was Staphylococcus aureus The case-fatality was 3.4 percent for all cases of bacteremia. CONCLUSION: We reviewed the etiology of community-acquired bacteremia. These data may be useful in the establishment of public health priorities and serve as a reference for selection of antibiotics in the empirical therapy of suspected invasive bacterial infection.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteremia* ; Bacterial Infections ; Child* ; Community-Acquired Infections ; Diagnosis ; Enteritis ; Haemophilus ; Humans ; Influenza, Human ; Meningitis ; Mortality ; Public Health ; Salmonella ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Viridans Streptococci

Diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) is a bronchiolitis affecting the whole lung fields which can be treated by macrolide. Especially East Asian patients are more susceptible to diffuse panbronchiolitis. As asthma and DPB both can cause airway obstruction, differential diagnosis is important for the 2 diseases. Here we report 5 patients with DPB clinically presenting as severe asthma in Korea, who were well treated by macrolide. Among the 5 patients, 2 could stop their asthma inhalers and the other 3 could reduce asthma medications after diagnosis and treatment of DPB. In conclusion, considering DPB as differential diagnosis for asthmatics in Asian ethnic groups is important.
Adult ; Aged ; Anti-Asthmatic Agents/*therapeutic use ; Asthma/*diagnosis/*drug therapy ; Bronchiolitis/*diagnosis/*drug therapy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Haemophilus Infections/*diagnosis/*drug therapy ; Humans ; Macrolides/*administration & dosage ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Severity of Illness Index ; Treatment Outcome