A computer progrem which performs obstetric calculation on Clipper Language using the datas from ultrasonography was developed from personal computer. It was designed for fast assessment of fetal development, prediction of gestagional age, and weight from ultrasonographic measurements which included biparietal diameter, femur length, gestational sac, occipito-frontal diameter, abdominal diameter, and etc. The Obstetricel-Ultrasound data-Base Managemant System was tested for its performance. The Obstetrical-Ultrasound Data-Base Management System was very useful in patient management with its convenient data filing, easy retrieval of previous report, prompt but accurate estimation of fetal growth and skeletal anomaly and production of equation and growth curve for pregnant women.
Female ; Femur ; Fetal Development ; Gestational Sac ; Humans ; Microcomputers* ; Pregnant Women ; Ultrasonography*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among cognitive function, depression, social support, and self-care in elderly with hypertension. METHODS: The subjects were 132 elderly with hypertension living in Seoul, Korea. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using the Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE-K), Short form geriatric depression scale, social support questionnaire 6, and hypertension self-care scale. RESULTS: Thirty-four percent of the subjects had questionable dementia and forty-two percent of the subjects were depressed. Means for social support were 2.40 for network size and 4.07 for satisfaction. The mean score of hypertension self-care was 60.34, indicating that the subjects took care of themselves moderately well. Cognitive function was negatively related to depression. Social support network and satisfaction were negatively related to depression. Self-care was negatively related to social support network. CONCLUSION: Programs are needed for elderly with hypertension to improve their cognitive function, depression, and social support. Also further studies are needed to confirm the factors related to self-care in the elderly with hypertension.
Aged ; Cognition ; Dementia ; Depression ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Korea ; Self Care ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Microsatellites are short nucleotide repeat sequences present throughout the human genome. Alterations of microsatellites, comprising extra or missing copies of these se quences, have been termed microsatellite instability(MSI, genetic instability, replication errors, RER(+) phenotype). To date, at least four genes involved in DNA mismatch repair, hMSH2, hMLH1, hPMS1 and hPMS2, are thought to account for the observation of microsatellite instability in tumor from Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) patients. The genetic defect responsible for the MIN+ phenotype in sporadic colorectal cancer, however, has yet to be clearly delineated. The purpose of this study was to determine the presence of MSI in sporadic cancer and to correlate its occurrence with clinicopathological parameters, we have studied six microsatellite loci by use of polymerase chain reaction amplification and denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. We found that 20%(9 of 46 cases) sporadic colorectal cancers showed RER at two or several loci(RER+). Microsatellite instability was associated with location of the tumor in the proximal colon 66%(6 of 9 cases) and with poorly differentiated tumor phenotype 56%(5 of 9 cases). In order to better understand the role of somatic alterations within hMSH2 in the process of colorectal tumorigenesis, we examined the most conserved regions(codon 598~789) of this gene in nine patients with MIN spotadic colorectal cancer. 6 patient of RER(+) colorectal ca. patients had a polymorphism which was a T to C base change in the intron sequence at -6 position of the splice acceptor site at the 5'end of exon 13. This particular sequence variation is a polymorphism rather than a mutation which increase cancer susceptability. These data suggest that the genetic instability is detect ed in some colorectal cancers and play an important role in the pathogenesis of sporadic colorectal cancer.
Carcinogenesis ; Colon ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis ; DNA Mismatch Repair ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Exons ; Genome, Human ; Humans ; Introns ; Microsatellite Instability* ; Microsatellite Repeats* ; Phenotype ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA Splice Sites

No abstract available.
Extremities* ; Gestational Age*

Tsutsugamushi disease cases occur throughout the rural area in Korea, and the number of the reported cases has been increased recently. Tsutsugamushi disease is a kind of rickettsiosis, and causative organism of that is Rickettsia tsutsugamushi. The field rodents, especially Apodemus agrarius, are the animal hosts, and main vector is chigger, Leptotrombidium pallidum. The pathogen is transmitted to human via this chigger bite. We experienced 60 cases of tsutsugamushi disease at Uijungbu Saint Mary's Hospital from January 1993 to December 1996. A group(study group) consists of 8 patients. They complained of abdominal (RUQ or epigastric) pain and had a finding of GB wall thickening by ultrasonogram and computerized tomogram. B group (control group) consists of 52 patients. They had no abnormal findings of GB by that. A clinical analysis of those patients was done retrospectively. Then A group was compared to B group. The obtained results were as follows. 1) All patients(A group and B group) those visited emergency room from October to December complaining of fever had lived at north area of Kyonggi-Do and had experienced outdoor play in field two weeks before expression of symptoms. 2) Percentage of leukocytopenia was 26%(2/8 cases) and 10%(5/52 cases) in A and B group respectively. Thrombocytopenia was found in many patients, and serum AST and ALT level was elevated in all patients of A and B group. 3) Percentage of patients with hypoalbuminemia was 87%(7/8 cases) and 67%(35/52 cases) in A and B group respectively. 4) Mean age of A group patients was higher than that of B group patients(A:62.4, B:49-years-old), and only all patients of A group had abdominal pain and hyperbilirubinemia. 5) Mean thickness of GB wall in A group patients was 7.3 mm(range 4~14 mm) by ultrasonogram. Conclusively, tsutsugamushi disease should be considered as differential diagnosis when old patient with fever and abdominal pain visits ER in endemic area of that despite jaundice, leukocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, and GB wall thickening founded by ultrasonogram.
Abdominal Pain* ; Animals ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Fever ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Hyperbilirubinemia ; Hypoalbuminemia ; Jaundice ; Korea ; Leukopenia ; Murinae ; Orientia tsutsugamushi ; Retrospective Studies ; Rodentia ; Saints ; Scrub Typhus* ; Thrombocytopenia ; Trombiculidae ; Ultrasonography

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the cephalometric reproducibility in digitized cephalometric radiography by comparing the measurement errors between the remeasured and retaken conventional and digitized lateral cephalometric radiography. The mean of the differences and error percentage of each cephalometric measurement were obtained using 96 lateral cephalometric radiography from 48 patients between the age of 11 and 13. The results were as follows; 1. The repeated measurement group of conventional radiography showed least amount of mean differences while those of the retaken measurement group of digitized image showed largest amount of mean differences in every measurement. 2. The measurements which showed statistically significant difference between the conventional radiography and digitized image were S-Go, Ar-Go, S-Ar-Go and S-sN-sNT in repeated measurement group. 3. The measurements which showed statistically significant difference between the repeated and retaken measurement groups were N-S-Ar, MP-L1 and S-sN-sPog in conventional radiography and S-N, Go-Me and N-A in digitized image. 4. Large amount of error percentage was shown at A-N-B and N-A in retaken measurement group of conventional radiography and N-S-Ba and A-N-B in retaken measurement group of digitized image. 5. The amount of error percentage at Ar-Go and N-S-Ar in retaken measurement group of conventional radiography and S-N, N-A, S-N-B and N-S-Ba in retaken measurement group of digitized image was more than double than those from remeasured groups.
Humans ; Radiography*

Small bowel diverticulum, although not common and usually asymptomatic, can give rise to unexpected problems such as malabsorption, perforation, obstruction and bleeding. Bleeding from a diverticulum is often sudden and massive, therefore requiring emergency operation. We report herein a case of a 75-year-old man who presented with massive bleeding from multiple jejunal diverticula. He had been diagnosed with hypertensive end stage renal disease and treated with hemodialysis since 14 years previously. He was admitted with both hematemesis and hematochezia, and treated conservatively at first. However, bleeding continued and the anemia did not improve despite blood transfusions. An gastroduodenofiberscope and selected angiography revealed no bleeding focus. An emergency laparotomy was performed and multiple jejunal diverticula, distributed from 15 to 60cm distal to the ligament of Treitz, were found. A segment of the jejunum containing all diverticula was resected and end to end anastomosis was performed. A histologic examination revealed some dilated blood vessels in the submucosa of the diverticulum, which was compatible with the findings of the angiodysplasia. Based on these findings, we suggest that angiodysplasia was the cause of bleeding from the jejunal diverticula in this case.
Aged ; Anemia ; Angiodysplasia* ; Angiography ; Blood Transfusion ; Blood Vessels ; Diverticulum* ; Emergencies ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Hematemesis ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Jejunum ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Laparotomy ; Ligaments ; Renal Dialysis

No abstract available.
Ferritins* ; Kidney Transplantation*

Desmoid tumors are defined as aggressive overgrowth of fibrous sheets and musculoaponeurotic structures. Although desmoid tumors are generally known as a benign neoplasm, it's aggresive local invasiveness and frequent recurrence indicate it's position lying between the benign and malignancy. The association of desmoid tumor and familial adenomtous polyposis(FAP) was first made in 1923 by Nichols. In 1951, Gardner reported the familial occurrence of intestinal polyposis, osteomas, fibromas, and epidermal or sebaceous cyst. Desmoid tumors are common in patients with FAP and Occur in 3.5~29% of patients with FAP whereas the incidence in the gerenal population is 2~5/1,000,000 person years. Surgical resection of desmoids in patients with FAP has been controversial because unresectability and recurrence are more common than cure. Palliative and curative resections have a high morbidity. Surgery should be reserved for those patients with symptomatic mesenteric desmoids. If a small mesenteric desmoid is encountered incidentally and is easily resectable, it should be resected. If surgery has been less than satisfactory in the treatment of these patients, several different medical approaches can be combined with or without surgical resection with mixed result. Authors report a case of unresectable mesenteric desmoid tumor, developing after surgery of FAP and literatures were reviewed
Deception ; Epidermal Cyst ; Fibroma ; Fibromatosis, Aggressive* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intestinal Polyposis ; Osteoma ; Recurrence

Background/Aims: Although the number of domestic adverse drug reactions (ADRs) reported in Korea is rapidly increasing, the analysis of ADRs in cancer patients remains limited. We sought to investigate the clinical features of ADRs in cancer patients. Methods: ADR data were collected from a spontaneous reporting system at single university hospital, between July 2010 and June 2015. ADR cases assessed to be “unlikely” or “unclassifiable” as per the criteria of the World Health Organization-Uppsala Monitoring Center were excluded. Additional medical information was retrospectively collected from chart reviews, and clinical features of ADRs were analyzed. Results: In total, 1,455 cases were reported. Of these, 822 ADRs (52.1%) were observed in cancer patients. The mean age of cancer patients was 60.8 years (range, 17–90 years), and 45.9% were male. The most prevalent clinical features were gastrointestinal abnormalities (32.6%), such as nausea and vomiting, followed by skin (28.5%) and neurologic manifestations (26.0%). Fifty-one (6.2%) and 296 cases (36.0%) were classified as severe and moderate, respectively. The most common causative agents were parenteral nutrition (PN) supplements (40.4%), followed by antibiotics (17.8%), analgesics (16.7%), iodinated contrast media (ICM, 10.6%), and vitamins (3.9%). Antineoplastic agents were responsible for 2.9% of cases. PN supplements were commonly associated with severe reactions. Conclusion Although it is well known that antibiotics, ICM, and analgesics induce ADRs, PN supplements, vitamins, and antineoplastic agents should also be considered as common causes of ADRs in cancer patients. Further investigation and monitoring to determine the causality associated with these agents is required.