Coloboma is a lacking of a portion of structure of the eye. Congenital colobomas are due to some interference with the normal closure of the emoryonic cleft, the aberration lying primarily in the epiblast of the cup and occur between the time of invagination of the vesicle and closure of the cleft. The authors have experienced 3 cases of the typical colobomas of iris, ciliary body, choroid, retina and optic nerve. Two of the cases had familial history. Extracapsular cataract extraction was performed in one eye of the case and resulted in slight improvement in vision.
Cataract Extraction ; Choroid ; Ciliary Body ; Coloboma* ; Deception ; Germ Layers ; Iris ; Optic Nerve ; Retina

BACKGROUND: Recently, the concept of health is being extended to physical, mental and social aspects, which leads people to pursue health positively behavior. But the evaluation of health condition shows a tendency to be biased to functional side. It means the absence of well being sensation that anyone feels like he has poor health. In this case, even if he is in physically good health, he is not rated as healthy. We analyzed the relationship between one's health state and the factors related with health perception including health behavior, mind and social environment. METHODS: For a month of May 1996, we surveyed those who visited for Periodic medical check-up at one general hospital in Seoul. The questionnaire consisted of the total of 25 items ; diet behavior, weight control, coffee, coke, tea, drug use of, smoking, drinking, exercise, leisure, safety belts use, jay walking, sleep, stress, personality, anxiety, depression, occupational satisfaction, relationships with family and friends. Five point scale is used as the answer of each question item with high point as good living behavior. Among 406 who had sincerely answered the questionnaire, we divided them into healthy and unhealthy group and compared with the point of each question item and with the laboratory data(obesity, blood pressure, hemoglobin, fasting blood sugar, cholesterol and ALT). RESULTS: Among 406, the number of those who perceived themselves to be healthy was 175(43.1%, healthy group) and the one of those who did not was 231(56.9%, unhealthy group), The difference between both groups was not significant in distribution of sex, age, academic career, income and religion. In laboratory data and living behavior they showed same results, also. But the points of unhealthy group were significantly lower than those of healthy group in coffee, coke, tee, drugs usage, exercise, leisure, stress, personality, anxiety, depression, occupational satisfaction and relationship with family and friends. So was the total point of all items of unhealthy group in comparison with that of health group. In the case of male, the points of unhealthy group were significantly lower in smoking, safety belt use, fay walking, sleeping as well as the above items. On the contrary, in the case of female, both groups were not significantly different all item except exercise and leisure. CONCLUSIONS: Health perception is influenced by psychosocial factors and living behavior more than by physical health. Therefore family physician must be concerned about patient's living behavior, mental and social problems and must make an effort to change their perception of health as well as physical improvement.
Anxiety ; Bias (Epidemiology) ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Pressure ; Cholesterol ; Coffee ; Coke ; Depression ; Diet ; Drinking ; Fasting ; Female ; Friends ; Health Behavior ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Leisure Activities ; Male ; Physicians, Family ; Psychology ; Sensation ; Seoul ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Social Environment ; Social Problems ; Tea ; Walking ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is common in patients with type 2 diabetes, affecting up to 60% of patients. The Korean Diabetes Association performed a nationwide survey about prevalence, awareness and control of hypertension among diabetic Koreans. METHODS: The current survey included 3,859 diabetic patients recruited from 43 hospitals in Korea. Age, gender, height, weight and blood pressure (BP) were measured by standard methods. Data on fasting plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), awareness of hypertension, and compliance of antihypertensive medication were collected via interview and reviewed using patient medical records. RESULTS: A total of 57.5% of all patients were >60 years old. Their mean HbA1c was 7.6+/-1.5%. Among antihypertensive medication users, 39.9% had <130 mm Hg and <80 mm Hg, whereas 60.1% had > or =130 mm Hg or > or =80 mm Hg. The answer "BP is under good control" was given by 75.1% of the antihypertensive medication users. Out of these patients, 26.4% had <130 mm Hg and <80 mm Hg, whereas 73.6% had > or =130 mm Hg or > or =80 mm Hg. A total of 75.5% of antihypertensive medication users answered that they had taken their antihypertensive medication every day for the past 2 weeks. "Forgetfulness" was most frequently the reason of non-compliance for patients that did not take their antihypertensive medication regularly. CONCLUSION: Approximately one third of the patients with diabetes were found to reach target blood pressure control in the 43 hospitals across Korea. Stricter control is needed to reduce severe complications of diabetes in Korea.
Blood Pressure ; Compliance ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Fasting ; Glucose ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Korea ; Plasma ; Prevalence

OBJECTIVE: Panic disorder (PD) is frequently comorbid with insomnia, which could exacerbate panic symptoms and contribute to PD relapse. Research has suggested that characteristics are implicated in both PD and insomnia. However, there are no reports examining whether temperament and character affect insomnia in PD. Thus, we examined the relationship between insomnia and personality characteristics in PD patients. METHODS: Participants were 101 patients, recruited from 6 university hospitals in Korea, who met the DSM-IV-TR criteria for PD. We assessed sleep outcomes using the sleep items of 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17)(item 4=onset latency, item 5=middle awakening, and item 6=early awakening) and used the Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised-Short to assess personality characteristics. To examine the relationship between personality and insomnia, we used analysis of variance with age, sex, and severity of depression (total HAMD scores minus sum of the three sleep items) as the covariates. RESULTS: There were no statistical differences (p>0.1) in demographic and clinical data between patients with and without insomnia. Initial insomnia (delayed sleep onset) correlated to a high score on the temperamental dimension of novelty seeking 3 (NS3)(F1,96=6.93, p=0.03). There were no statistical differences (p>0.1) in NS3 between patients with and without middle or terminal insomnia. CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that higher NS3 is related to the development of initial insomnia in PD and that temperament and character should be considered when assessing sleep problems in PD patients.
Depression ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Korea ; Panic ; Panic Disorder ; Recurrence ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Temperament

This paper reports two cases of schwannomas arising from the oral cavity. One is an intraoral ancient schwannoma located at the left cheek, which evolved over a period of 13 years. The tumor was a well-demarcated buccal mass, which was located in the left lower first premolar area, with an obliterated the buccal vestibule, leaving the overlying mucosa intact. The second case was a central intraosseous schwannoma located from the left lower 1st molar periapical area to the left 3rd molar periapical area. Pathologically, the first mass was composed of the spindle shaped tumor cells with wavy nuclei beneath the fibroconnective tissue of the gingiva but second case mass was not. Occasional nuclear pleomorphism was observed but mitosis or necrosis was absent. There were Antoni A and B areas along with strong, diffuse staining with the S-100 protein. Ancient schwannomas were diagnosed. Schwannoma is a slow-growing benign tumor, and an ancient schwannoma that shows cellular atypism is a variant of a schwannoma caused by purely degenerative changes. To date, only limited cases of ancient schwannomas in the oral cavity have been reported.
Bicuspid ; Cheek ; Gingiva ; Mitosis ; Molar ; Mouth ; Mucous Membrane ; Necrosis ; Neurilemmoma ; S100 Proteins

To investigate the effect of smoking on the hearing threshold, l,887 adult male workers who visited health care center during the period l January 1996 - 31 July 1997 were selected. Air-conduction hearing threshold level, diastolic blood pressure(DBP), total cholesterol, fasting blood sugar(FBS), hematocrit and obesity, were measured. The data on age, occupation, and smoking were collected. Air-conduction hearing threshold in smoker was significantly higher than non-smoker in categories of 250, 500, 1000 and 4000 Hz(p<0.05). Mean values of PTA-low, PTA-mid, and PTA-high in smoker were also significantly higher than non-smoker(p<0.05). In multiple regression analysis, smoking is likely to play a significant role after controlling age, occupation, DBP, FBS, total cholesterol, hematocrit, and obesity,(p<0.05). The hearing threshold was significantly increased with increasing age(p<0.05), the manufacturing worker may have higher hearing threshold(p<0.05). The higher hematocrit and the more obese, the higher hearing threshold(p<0.05). However, DBP, total cholesterol and FBS were not significantly related with hearing threshold level. In conclusion, smoking was significantly related with the hearing threshold level in adult men.
Adult* ; Cholesterol ; Delivery of Health Care ; Fasting ; Hearing* ; Hematocrit ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity ; Occupations ; Smoke* ; Smoking*

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) is a rare, benign odontogenic tumor that predominantly appears in the second decade of life in female patients. Most AOTs occur in the anterior part of the maxilla and are usually associated with impacted anterior teeth. There are three types of AOT, follicular, extrafollicular, and peripheral, which are classified based on the location of the lesion and its association with the impacted tooth. We report a rare case of AOT associated with an impacted right mandibular lateral incisor in an 11-year-old female patient.
Child ; Female ; Humans ; Incisor* ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Odontogenic Tumors* ; Tooth ; Tooth, Impacted

Castleman's disease is a rare disease characterized by lymph node hyperplasia. Although Castleman's disease can occur wherever lymphoid tissue is found, it rarely appears in the abdominal cavity, and is especially rare adjacent to the liver. Here, we report a rare case of Castleman's disease in the portal area that mimicked a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a chronic hepatitis B patient. A 40 year-old woman with chronic hepatitis B presented with right upper quadrant discomfort. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging results showed a 2.2 cm-sized, exophytic hypervascular mass in the portal area. HCC was suspected. However, histologic examination revealed Castleman's disease. We suggest that Castleman's disease should be included as a rare differential diagnosis of a hypervascular mass in the portal area, even in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
Adult ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia/complications/*diagnosis/pathology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic/complications/diagnosis ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Receptors, Complement 3d/metabolism ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Acquired factor V deficiency is a rare bleeding disorder, the severity of which ranges from mild to fatal. There are various suggested treatments, including transfusion of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) or platelets, plasmapheresis and immunosuppressive therapy. We encountered a case of idiopathic acquired factor V deficiency with fatal retroperitoneal bleeding treated with steroid and cyclophosphamide.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Blood Coagulation Factor Inhibitors ; Blood Platelets ; Cyclophosphamide ; Factor V ; Factor V Deficiency ; Glucocorticoids ; Hemorrhage ; Plasma ; Plasmapheresis ; Platelet Transfusion

Acquired factor V deficiency is a rare bleeding disorder, the severity of which ranges from mild to fatal. There are various suggested treatments, including transfusion of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) or platelets, plasmapheresis and immunosuppressive therapy. We encountered a case of idiopathic acquired factor V deficiency with fatal retroperitoneal bleeding treated with steroid and cyclophosphamide.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Blood Coagulation Factor Inhibitors ; Blood Platelets ; Cyclophosphamide ; Factor V ; Factor V Deficiency ; Glucocorticoids ; Hemorrhage ; Plasma ; Plasmapheresis ; Platelet Transfusion