PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of the Ellman Dento-Surg 90FFP for the isolated trichiasis or distichiasis. METHODS: 61 eyelashes of 23 patients, who were diagnosed as trichiasis or distichiasis and had less than 5 aberrant cilia that were isolated, were treated with the Ellman Dento-Surg 90FFP. At 1 week, 1 month, 2 month and 6 month postoperatively, we examined the success rate and postoperative complication. RESULTS: Fifteen eyelashes of 9 patients were regrown after mean 1.3month follow-up period (75.4% success rate). Among 10 eyelashes of 6 patients, 2 eyelashes of 2 patients were regrown (80% success rate). Thirteen patients experienced mild burning sensation 1-2 days postoperatively. Eyelid notching was observed in 2 patients. CONCLUSIONS: High frequency radio wave electrosurgery with Ellman Dento-Surg 90FFP is a simple and secure procedure with high success rate and negligible complication, and can be effectively used to treat isolated trichiasis or distichiasis.
Burns ; Cilia ; Electrosurgery ; Eyelashes ; Eyelids ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; Radio Waves ; Sensation ; Trichiasis*

PURPOSE: To compare the incidence and the interval between the development of posterior capsular opacification (PCO) and Nd: YAG laser capsulotomy among patients implanted with a 811B, SI40NB, and MA60BM intraocular lens METHODS: One hundred ninty eyes of 157 patients who had undergone implant surgery with 811B, SI40NB, and MA60BM intraocular lens at the Presbyterian Medical Center were studied retrospectively. We compared the postoperative best corrected visual acuity, the incidence and the time interval between the development of PCO and laser capsulotomy, and the total energy used in laser capsulotomy among three intraocular lens groups. RESULTS: The incidence of development of PCO was 26.9% in 811B, 23.8% in SI40NB, and 10% in MA60BM groups, showing that incidence was significantly lower in the MA60BM group as compared to 811B (P=0.0016) or SI40NB (P=0.0056) group. The 811B group induced PCO earlier than SI40NB group. The energy used in Nd: YAG laser capsulotomy was lower in 811B than that in SI40NB or MA60BM. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of posterior capsular opacification and that of Nd: YAG laser capsulotomy were found to be significantly lower in the MA60BM group than those in 811B or SI40NB group.
Humans ; Incidence ; Lasers, Solid-State* ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Protestantism ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: TDI is known to be the most prevalent cause of occupational asthma ( OA ) in Korea. However, the pathogenesis of TDI - induced occupational asthma still remains to be further clarified. So, we evaluated clinical significance of serum specific IgG and IgE antibodies to TDI - HSA conjugate in TDI - induced occupational asthma. Subjects and METHODS: Serum specific IgG and IgE antibodies to TDI - HSA conjugate were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Serum was collected from 50 TDI- induced OA patients ( classified as group I ), and was compared with that from 13 asthmatic subjects with negative TDI - bronchoprovocation test ( BPT, group II ), allergic asthmatics ( group III ), and unexposed healthy controls ( group IV ). RESULTS: The prevalence of specific IgG was significantly higher in group I than in group II (p = 0.01) or group III (p <0.01). No significant difference was noted between group II and group III (p> 0.05). However, the prevalence of specific IgE was not different between group I and group II (p> 0.05 ) or group II and group III( p> 0.05 ). There was no significant difference in prevalence of specific IgG according to the asthmatic response during TDI bronchoprovocation test ( p> 0.05 ). No statistical significance was noted between specific IgG and IgE antibodies in group I subjects ( p> 0.05 ). CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate that presence of specific IgG to TDI - HSA conjugate is closely related to TDI - BPT results and it may contribute to the development of TDI - induced asthma.
Antibodies* ; Asthma ; Asthma, Occupational* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans* ; Immunoglobulin E* ; Immunoglobulin G* ; Korea ; Prevalence ; Serum Albumin* ; Toluene 2,4-Diisocyanate* ; Toluene*

PURPOSE: To define risk factors for and to analyze changes in hyperopic refractive error during development of postoperative exotropia (XT) after bilateral medial rectus (BMR) recession to treat infantile esotropia. METHODS: We retrospectively examined 50 patients with infantile esotropia who underwent BMR recession from January 2005 to December 2010. All were < 10 years of age and underwent ≥36 months of follow-up. We recorded age at operation, the preoperative strabismus angle, the extent of medial rectus recession, strabismus status, pre- and post-operative changes in the refractive errors of both eyes, any postoperative overcorrection, any dissociated vertical deviation (DVD), and inferior oblique overaction (IOOA) status. RESULTS: Consecutive XT developed in 18 (36%) patients. The preoperative refractive error was +0.90 ± 0.79 D in the consecutive XT group and +1.94 ± 1.48 D in the surgical success (SS) group (p = 0.019). The extent of hyperopic decrease was significantly greater in the consecutive XT group than the SS group (consecutive XT group: 1.59 ± 1.38 D, SS group: 2.86 ± 1.97 D) at 3 years of post-operative follow-up (p = 0.008). Postoperative IOOA was detected in 10 (70.5%) patients in the consecutive XT group and 3 (29.55%) in the SS group (p = 0.002). No significant between-group difference in the incidence of overcorrection or DVD was apparent. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of hyperopia (>+2.0 D) prior to BMR recession and a marked fall in the extent of hyperopia (−1.0 D/year) after recession may be associated with a high risk of consecutive XT. Thorough follow-up is necessary when IOOA develops after BMR recession.
Esotropia ; Exotropia ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyperopia ; Incidence ; Refractive Errors ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Strabismus

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the results of an immediate and mid-term angiographic and clinical follow-up of endovascular treatment for paraclinoid aneurysms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2002 to December 2012, a total of 113 consecutive patients (mean age: 56.2 years) with 116 paraclinoid saccular aneurysms (ruptured or unruptured) were treated with endovascular coiling procedures. Clinical and angiographic outcomes were retrospectively evaluated. RESULTS: Ninety-three patients (82.3%) were female. The mean size of the aneurysm was 5.5 mm, and 101 aneurysms (87.1%) had a wide neck. Immediate catheter angiography showed complete occlusion in 40 aneurysms (34.5%), remnant sac in 51 (43.9%), and remnant neck in 25 (21.6%). Follow-up angiographic studies were performed on 80 aneurysms (69%) at a mean period of 20.4 months. Compared with immediate angiographic results, follow-up angiograms showed no change in 38 aneurysms, improvement in 37 (Fig. 2), and recanalization in 5. There were 6 procedure-related complications (5.2%), with permanent morbidity in one patient. CONCLUSION: Out study suggests that properly selected patients with paraclinoid aneurysms can be successfully treated by endovascular means.
Aneurysm* ; Angiography ; Catheters ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Neck ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVE: Unexpected Solitaire stent detachment can occur during mechanical Solitaire thrombectomy. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the influencing factors causing unexpected Solitaire stent detachment and the clinical outcomes. METHODS: Between October 2011 to December 2013, 232 cases of mechanical Solitaire thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke were performed in 3 stroke centers. During this period, we encountered unexpected Solitaire stent detachments during mechanical Solitaire thrombectomies in 9 cases. RESULTS: Solitaire stents unexpectedly detached in 9 cases (3.9%) during the retrieval of Solitaire stents. The median patient age was 76 years. The occlusion sites of the unexpected stent detachment were the proximal middle cerebral artery (MCA) in 7 cases and the internal carotid artery in 2 cases. The sizes of the stents that unexpectedly detached were 6x30 mm in 7 cases, 5x30 mm in 1 case, and 4x20 mm in 1 case. Four patients had unexpected detachment at the first retrieval, 1 patient at the second, 3 patients at the third, and 1 patient at the fifth. In all of the cases of unexpected detachment at the first retrieval, the stent deployment site was the proximal MCA. After detachment, a proximal marker of the Solitaire stent was observed in 3 patients. However, no marker was visible in the remaining 6 patients. CONCLUSION: Unexpected Solitaire stent detachment should be considered in the first instance of stent retrieval for a relatively large-diameter stent, especially in elderly patients with MCA occlusions.
Aged ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Humans ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Retrospective Studies ; Stents* ; Stroke ; Thrombectomy*

PURPOSE: We analyzed the difference in values between noncycloplegic and cycloplegic autorefraction and refraction, as measured by ophthalmologist, in children according to age. METHODS: We classified the 84 children (153 eyes) whose best corrected visual acuity was better than 0.6 into four groups according to age. The first age group ranged from 29 to 57 months (36 eyes); the second age group ranged from 58 to 75 months (47 eyes); the third age group ranged from 76 to 95 months (36 eyes); and the fourth age group ranged from 96 to 121 months (34 eyes). The children were examined with an autorefractometer (Canon Auto Ref RK-2) and a retinoscope before and after cycloplegia. RESULTS: The children in all age groups tend to show more myopia in autorefraction than refraction regardless of cycloplegia. Also, differences in spherical component and spherical equivalents in noncycloplegic autorefraction and cycloplegic refraction were regarded as significant statistically (P<0.05) in all age groups. However, in all groups, none of the refractive values in cycloplegic autorefraction and refraction were statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Refraction measurement should be recommended for cycloplegic refraction in children. It is suggested that cycloplegic autorefraction could be useful for the refraction partially.
Child* ; Humans ; Myopia ; Retinoscopes ; Visual Acuity

BACKGROUND: Chronic shoulder pain draws the attention of doctors since it is a very common and serious disease at primary care level. The patients with this pain usually have a tendency to see many doctors, to take an abundance of medication, and sometimes to even suffer from depression. The pain and the symp- toms thereof often disable the patients in their every day lives. This study aims to seek the most efficient way of treatment between two therapies, namely, the existing drug therapy based on NSAID and the intramuscular stimulation(herein after IMS) therapy, which has re- cently been introduced, by comparing them in accordance with the following method. METHODS: The two therapies were applied for 3 weeks to female patients aged between 50 and 70 who had visited a hospital over a period of more than 3 months due to this type of pain. The patients were randomly given each therapy although the treatment and monitoring was done by the same physiotherapist. The monitoring was performed four times, the day before the start of treatment, 1 week, 2 weeks and 3 weeks after respectively. It measured the following elements: (1) pain scale by VAS(Visual Analogue Scale), (2) Sleep hygiene scale by VAS, (3) ROM(Range of Motion), Repeated measure ANOVA was used for analysis. RESULTS: While both therapies reduced the pain significantly during the 3 weeks, the study showed that IMS was more effective than the drug therapy in every element monitored(p<0.05). IMS turned out to be more effective the 1st week in every measured element, however, the drug therapy was more effective the 3rd week if compared to the 2nd week in terms of Sleep VAS score. CONCLUSION: IMS is more effective in easing chro nic shoulder pain since it has better results than NSAID in pain VAS score, sleep VAS score and ROM.
Chronic Pain ; Depression ; Drug Therapy ; Female* ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Physical Therapists ; Primary Health Care ; Shoulder Pain* ; Shoulder*

PURPOSE: An intracranial aneurysm, with or without subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), is a relevant health problem. The rupture of an intracranial aneurysm is a critical concern for individual health; even an unruptured intracranial aneurysm is an anxious condition for the individual. The aim of this guideline is to present current and comprehensive recommendations for the management of intracranial aneurysms, with or without rupture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed an extensive literature search, using Medline. We met in person to discuss recommendations. This document is reviewed by the Task Force Team of the Korean Society of Interventional Neuroradiology (KSIN). RESULTS: We divided the current guideline for ruptured intracranial aneurysms (RIAs) and unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs). The guideline for RIAs focuses on diagnosis and treatment. And the guideline for UIAs focuses on the definition of a high-risk patient, screening, principle for treatment and selection of treatment method. CONCLUSION: This guideline provides practical, evidence-based advice for the management of patients with an intracranial aneurysm, with or without rupture.
Advisory Committees ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm* ; Mass Screening ; Rupture ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

BACKGROUND: Liquid-based cytology is currently known as an effective method, and cervical cytology has been shown to be especially effective from of malignancy detection. In our study, the cytological detection rates of the Thinprep (Liquid-based cytology) and conventional cytology (bronchial washing & brushing) for endobronchial lesions were compared. METHODS: Between July 2005 and September 2005, the data from 30 patients with respiration symptom, who had shown abnormal lesion on bronchoscopy, were collected. RESULTS: The bronchoscopic biopsy group was consisted of 30 cytodiagnosis specimens, 24 of which were confirmed to be malignant. The others were tuberculosis (4), bronchiectasis and bronchopulmonary fistula (1 each). Of the 24 malignant case, cancer or atypical cells were detected in 19, 17 and 12 of the Thinprep, brushing cytology and washing cytology cases, respectively. None one of the methods detected cancer cells in the non-malignant specimens. Washing cytology has shown sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 50, 100, 100 and 33.3% respectively. Brushing cytology has shown sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 70.8, 100, 100 and 46.2%, respectively. Thinprep has shown sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 79.2, 100, 100 and 54%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Thinprep (liquid-based cytology) showed better sensitivity and negative predictive values for the evaluation of lung cancer than conventional cytology. However a large-scale study will be needed in the future.
Biopsy ; Bronchiectasis ; Bronchoscopy* ; Cytodiagnosis ; Fistula ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Respiration ; Tuberculosis