No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Chlorambucil* ; Nephrotic Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Aneurysm*

PURPOSE: To compare the prevalance and the amount of astigmatism between the epiblepharon patients who had been operated epiblepharon and normal school children. METHODS: The noncycloplegic refraction using autorefractor was performed in 120 epiblepharon patients from Jan. 1997 to June 2000. Astigmatism in excess of 0.5 D was studied. We compared the findings of epiblephron patients and 443 normal school children in Seoul. RESULTS: The prevalence of astigmatism was 72.9% in epiblephron group and 41.6% in normal children group, and the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.001). The amount of astigmatism was 1.52 D and 0.73 D in each group, and the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.001).The distribution of astigmatism showed 1.0 D or less in 22.5%, from above 1.0 D to 2.0 D or less in 26.3%, from above 2.0 D to 3.0 D or less in 10.8%, from above 3.0 D to 4.0 D or less in 9.6% and above 4.0 D in 3.8% in epiblepharon group and in normal children group 26.2%, 11.2%, 2.6%, 1.0%, and 0.7% respectively. The difference between both groups was statistically significant (P< 0.001). With-the-rule astigmaism was found in 77.9% and against-the-rule was 22.1% in epiblephron group and 72.8% and 27.2% respectively in normal children group. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence and the amount of astigmatism were higher in epiblepharon group than in normal children group. It might be caused by the increase of orbicularis muscle tone and the effect of skin fold overriding lid margin in epiblepharon patients.
Astigmatism* ; Child* ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Seoul ; Skin

We report a case of pneumonia in 36 year-old male patient who presented acute respiratory failure and associated radiologic findings of bilateral ground-glass opacity with focal cystic changes, showing rapidly aggravating course and was diagnosed as concomitant Pneumocystis carinii and Cytomegalovirus pneumonia accompanied by acquired immunodeficiency syndrome through antemortem open lung biopsy.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Biopsy ; Cytomegalovirus ; Humans ; Lung ; Male ; Pneumocystis carinii ; Pneumonia ; Respiratory Insufficiency*

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by formation of multiple colorectal adenomas with nearly 100 percent potential for malignant transformation. FAP is a rare condition with an incidence of 1 in 10,000 live births. Germline mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli gene (APC) located on chromosome 5q21 have been founded in many patients with FAP. Patients with FAP can have extracolonic manifestations of their disease. These include tumors of the upper gastrointestinal tract (hamartomatous polyps, adenomas, carcinomas), small intestine adenomas or cacinoma, bile duct adenomas, papillary thyroid carcinoma, osteomas of the mandible, skull, and long bones, a variety of soft tissue lesions, including fibromas, lipomas, and desmoid tumors, congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium (CHRPE) and hepatoblastoma. Hepatocellular carcinoma combined with FAP is a very rare condition. Just 8 cases of Hepatocellular carcinoma with a history of FAP have been reported in the literature. We now present a report of a case of Hepatocellular carcinoma with FAP (Gardner's syndrome) in a 19 year-old girl.
Adenoma ; Adenoma, Bile Duct ; Adenomatous Polyposis Coli* ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Female ; Fibroma ; Fibromatosis, Aggressive ; Germ-Line Mutation ; Hepatoblastoma ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Incidence ; Intestine, Small ; Lipoma ; Live Birth ; Mandible ; Osteoma ; Polyps ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium ; Skull ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Upper Gastrointestinal Tract ; Young Adult

A 36-year-old woman (para 1-0-2-1) was transferred to Korea University Hospital at 38 weeks gestation for dyspnea and chest pain. On admission, her blood pressure ranged from 130/ 70 to 230/130 mmHg, the heart rate was 144 beats/min and respiratory rate was 36/min. The ECG pattern, serum creatinine phosphokinase and lactic dehydrogenase levels were consistent with acute myocardial infarction. The baby was delivered by cesarean section under general anesthesia with nitroglycerin and propranolol support, After delivery, the patient was diagnosed as having pheochromocytoma by hormone study, abdominal magnetic resonance imaging, and computerized tomography scan. Removal of tumor was suceessfully done under combined general and epidural anesthesia after preoperative preparation with phenoxybenzamine and propranolol for two weeks. Postanesthetic recovery was uneventful.
Adult ; Anesthesia, Epidural ; Anesthesia, General ; Blood Pressure ; Cesarean Section ; Chest Pain ; Creatinine ; Dyspnea ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Korea ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Nitroglycerin ; Oxidoreductases ; Phenoxybenzamine ; Pheochromocytoma* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women* ; Propranolol ; Respiratory Rate

We report a case of cold hemagglutinin disease associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection treated with cord blood transfusion. Cold hemagglutinin disease is a hemolytic anemia most commonly associated with cold-reactive autoantibody with anti-I specificity. On the basis of the fact that the level of I antigen on cord red blood cells is extremely low, a six year old male patient was transfused with 60 mL of ABO blood type-matched, cord blood. No complication from the transfusion was observed. Due to the deficiency in cord blood supply, filtered irradiated RBC 100 mL was transfused three times thereafter. The hemoglobin level began to increase from the fifth hospital day. The patient was discharged without additional transfusion on the eleventh hospital day. No remarkable complications were noted at the time of discharge.
Anemia, Hemolytic ; Erythrocytes ; Fetal Blood* ; Hemagglutinins* ; Humans ; Male ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae* ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma* ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Transient tachypnea of the newborn(TTN) is a benign self-limited disease characterized by early onset and rapid recovery of tachypnea although it may occasionally have a more prolonged and protracted course. A retrospective clinical study was mad on 29 neonates with TTN admitted to NICU of Pohang St. Mary's Hospital from January 1992 to June 1993. The results were as follows: 1) TTN(36.2%) was the most common cause of respiratory distress in the neonate followed by idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome(23.8%), pneumonia(18.8%), meconium aspiration syndrome(6.2%), perinatal asphyxia(6.2%), polycythemia(3.8%), anemia(1.2%), persistent fetal circulation(1.2%), paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia(1.2%) and tracheoesophageal fistula(1.2%) 2) TTN was more frequent in the male term infants but can occur in premature(41.4%) and low birth weight infants(34.5%). 3) The associated perinatal conditions were oxytocin-induction(8 cases, 27.6%), Cesarean delivery(10 cases, 34.5%) and asphyxia(7 cases, 24.2%) 4) Arterial blood gas analysis showed respiratory acidosis in 3 cases and metabolic acidosis in 3 cases but none of TTN showed hypoxia unresponsive to oxygen 5) Chest X-ray showed hyperaeration in 10 cases(34.5%), increased pulmonary vascularity in 8 cases(27.6%), hyperaeration and increased pulmonary vascularity in 6 cases(20.6%) and cardiomegaly in 12 cases(53%). 6) Tachypnea usually appeared within 6hours and abated by 48-72hours but sustained more than 73hours in 7 cases(24.1%) 7) In majority of cases, maximal respiratory rates were below 100 rates/min and administered oxygen concentrations were 20-40%, and their mean values were 81 rates/min, 37.6% respectively. 8) TTN with more prolonged course(> or=48hours) was associated with low birth weight infants, prematurity and higher respiratory rates(> or=100 breaths a minute)(p<0.05).
Acidosis ; Acidosis, Respiratory ; Anoxia ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Cardiomegaly ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Meconium Aspiration Syndrome ; Oxygen ; Respiratory Rate ; Retrospective Studies ; Tachypnea ; Thorax ; Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn*

Transient tachypnea of the newborn(TTN) is a benign self-limited disease characterized by early onset and rapid recovery of tachypnea although it may occasionally have a more prolonged and protracted course. A retrospective clinical study was mad on 29 neonates with TTN admitted to NICU of Pohang St. Mary's Hospital from January 1992 to June 1993. The results were as follows: 1) TTN(36.2%) was the most common cause of respiratory distress in the neonate followed by idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome(23.8%), pneumonia(18.8%), meconium aspiration syndrome(6.2%), perinatal asphyxia(6.2%), polycythemia(3.8%), anemia(1.2%), persistent fetal circulation(1.2%), paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia(1.2%) and tracheoesophageal fistula(1.2%) 2) TTN was more frequent in the male term infants but can occur in premature(41.4%) and low birth weight infants(34.5%). 3) The associated perinatal conditions were oxytocin-induction(8 cases, 27.6%), Cesarean delivery(10 cases, 34.5%) and asphyxia(7 cases, 24.2%) 4) Arterial blood gas analysis showed respiratory acidosis in 3 cases and metabolic acidosis in 3 cases but none of TTN showed hypoxia unresponsive to oxygen 5) Chest X-ray showed hyperaeration in 10 cases(34.5%), increased pulmonary vascularity in 8 cases(27.6%), hyperaeration and increased pulmonary vascularity in 6 cases(20.6%) and cardiomegaly in 12 cases(53%). 6) Tachypnea usually appeared within 6hours and abated by 48-72hours but sustained more than 73hours in 7 cases(24.1%) 7) In majority of cases, maximal respiratory rates were below 100 rates/min and administered oxygen concentrations were 20-40%, and their mean values were 81 rates/min, 37.6% respectively. 8) TTN with more prolonged course(> or=48hours) was associated with low birth weight infants, prematurity and higher respiratory rates(> or=100 breaths a minute)(p<0.05).
Acidosis ; Acidosis, Respiratory ; Anoxia ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Cardiomegaly ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Meconium Aspiration Syndrome ; Oxygen ; Respiratory Rate ; Retrospective Studies ; Tachypnea ; Thorax ; Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn*