CT is a highly accurate method of detecting and clarifying the narure of space-occupying lesions within theliver nd pancreatic disease. It was found to be a reliable, non invasive method for detecting the lesion. A normalrange of attenuation values were obtained from 71 CT examinations of the upper abdomen, that is liver, spleen,pancreas, aorta, before and after contrast enhancement in whom no radiologic or laboratory abnormality of theseorgans were detected from March to Sept. 1983. The results were as follows; 1. The age distribution was from 28years to 71 years. The sex ratio was 45 male to 26 female. 2. Mean Hounsfield Units (HU) in liver before contrastenhancement and after contrast enhancement liminute, 3 minutes, 5 minutes, 10 minutes were 56.1±3.85, 75.0±4.77,82.0±3.71, 84.3±2.76 and 88.2±3.95 HU respectively. 3. Mean Hounsfield Units in pancreas before contrastenhancement and after contrast enhancement 1 minute, 3 minutes, 5 minutes, 10 minutes were 43.0±4.30, 66.5±4.27,71.2±2.39, 74.4±3.00 and 79.2±2.(0 HU respectively. 4. Mean Hounsfield Units in spleen before contrastenhancement and after contrast enhancement 1 minute, 3 minutes, 5 minutes 10 minutes were 53.0±4.31, 71.4±2.84,75.3±2.70, 80.5±3.04 and 83.2±2.14 HU respectively. 5. Mean Housfield Units in aorta before contrastenhancement and after contrast enhancement 1 minute, 3 minutes, 5 minutes 10 minutes were 45.1±5.39, 86.7±6.86,92.5±5.33, 106.8±4.12 and 114.1±5.02 HU respectively. 6. The most significant finding was that the livernormaly had the highest attenuation values of any of the organs measured. When another viscera in upper abdomenhad a attenuation value greater than that of the liver, this reflected abnormal lesions.
Abdomen ; Age Distribution ; Aorta ; Female ; Humans ; Liver ; Male ; Methods ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Diseases ; Sex Ratio ; Spleen ; Viscera

No abstract available.
Pilomatrixoma* ; Vaccination*

No abstract available.
Cellulitis* ; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact*

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Scrotum

No abstract available.
Bowen's Disease ; Foot

Intussusception is rare in adult and usually caused by organic lesions, although there is a singnificant numbeof so-called idiopathic cases. The diagnosis of intussusception have been made by pali abdomen, barium enema andsmall bowel series. But recently ultrasound and CT make a contribution to diagnose intussusception. CT is not theprimary means for evaluation a gastrointestinal tract abnormality but also provides yaluable informations inevaluating disorders affecting the hollow viscera of the alimentary tract. CT image of intussusception demonstratea whirl like pattern of bowel loops separated by fatty stripe correlating to the intestinal walls. Abdominal ultrasonogram was used as the initial diagnostic test in 2 cases out of total 4 cases, with abdominal mass ofunknown cause. It revealed a typical pattern, composed of a round or oval mass with central dense echoes andperipheral poor echoes. We report 4 all cases of intussusception in adult who were performed by CT and/orultrasound. All cases were correlated with barium enema examination and/or surgical reports.
Abdomen ; Adult ; Barium ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Enema ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Intussusception ; Ultrasonography ; Viscera

BACKGROUND: The afferent and efferent pathways of fentanyl cough response (FCR) and central organization are poorly understood at present. The aim of this study was to investigate the pretreatment effects of morphine, propofol, atropine, and midazolam on FCR. METHOD: The 120 healthy patients were randomly assigned to six equal pretreatment groups. They received 2ug/kg fentanyl rapidly through a peripheral venous catheter. The patients in each group were pretreated before the time necessary for peak plasma levels with different drugs as follows: group 1, no premedication; group 2, morphine 0.05 mg/kg iv; group 3, morphine 0.05 mg/kg iv naloxone 0.01mg/kg iv; group 4, propofol 0.5 mg/kg iv; group 5, atropine 0.01 mg/kg iv; group 6, midazolam 0.05 mg/kg iv. The patients were observed for any coughing or side effects, including oxygen desaturation, bronchoconstriction, chest wall rigidity and seizure. RESULT: 40% of patients in group 1 (control) had a cough response to fentanyl. Group 2 (morphine) and group 3 (morphine naloxone) showed a reduced FCR of 10%. The incidence of coughing was 60% of the patients in group 4 (propofol), 30% in group 5 (atropine), and 40% in group 6 (midazolam). These were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: FCR is not altered by pretreatment with propofol, atropine, or midazolam, but morphine inhibits cough response and this antitussive effect was not antagonized by naloxone.
Atropine* ; Bronchoconstriction ; Catheters ; Cough* ; Efferent Pathways ; Fentanyl* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Midazolam* ; Morphine* ; Naloxone ; Oxygen ; Plasma ; Premedication ; Propofol* ; Seizures ; Thoracic Wall

BACKGROUND: We observed fentanyl known as centrally-acting antitussive agents provoke a cough response in some patients at induction of anesthesia. This may be of clinical importance. METHOD: 121 patients (ASA class I) were assigned randomly to 4 groups. Each group was given different doses of fentanyll Group 1 (n=30); 0.5ug/kg, Group 2 (n=30); 1ug/kg, Group 3 (n=33); 2ug/kg, Group 4 (n=28); 4 g/kgl, within 1 second through a peripheral venous cannula before induction of anesthesia. All patients were observed carefully in order to detect a cough response and any side effects. RESULT: The incidences of FCR (Fentanyl Cough Response) were 0% in Group 1, 10.0% in Group 2, 30.3% in Group 3, and 39.3% in Group 4. The ED50 of FCR was 4.25ug/kg. The mean onset-time from the end of fentanyl administration to the beginning of coughing was 12.5 seconds. FCR was decreased with aging, but not affected by weight, height, or smoking. Other serious side effects were not accompanied. CONCLUSION: Fentanyl can evoke the pulmonary chemoreflex dose-dependently and the ED50 was 4.25 g/kg.
Aging ; Anesthesia ; Antitussive Agents ; Catheters* ; Cough* ; Fentanyl* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Reflex* ; Smoke ; Smoking

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the clinical usefulness of the quick Sepsis-Related Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) score (based on the 2016 definition of sepsis) at intensive care unit admission in Korean patients with bacteremia. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from 236 patients between March 2011 and February 2016. In addition to the qSOFA, the Modified Early Warning score (MEWS) and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria were calculated. RESULTS: The patients' median age was 69 years, and 61.0% were male. Of the patients, 127 (53.8%) had a qSOFA score ≥2 points. They had significantly higher rates of septic shock, thrombocytopenia, and hyperlactatemia, and increased requirements for ventilator care, neuromuscular blocking agents, vasopressors, and hemodialysis within 72 hours after intensive care unit admission. They also had a significantly higher 28-day mortality rate. When analyzed using common thresholds (MEWS ≥5 and ≥2 SIRS criteria), patients with a MEWS ≥5 had the same results as those with a qSOFA score ≥2 (P < 0.05). However, patients with ≥2 SIRS criteria showed no significant differences. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that a qSOFA score ≥2 at admission is a useful screening tool for predicting disease severity and medical resource usage within 72 hours after admission, and for predicting 28-day mortality rates in patients with bacteremia. In addition, qSOFA scores may be more useful than SIRS criteria in terms of prognostic utility.
Bacteremia* ; Critical Care* ; Humans ; Hyperlactatemia ; Intensive Care Units* ; Korea* ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Mortality ; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents ; Prognosis ; Renal Dialysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Sepsis ; Shock, Septic ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome ; Thrombocytopenia ; Ventilators, Mechanical

BACKGROUND: Korean Journal of Anesthesiology was published in 1968 and its volume has been increased every year. The purpose of this study was to investigate and to clarify the trend of increasing volumes for 28 years (1968~1996) as quantitative analysis. METHODS: Using computerized index of Korean Journal of Anesthesiology (""ART""), the trend, volumes and cumulative records (top ranked 22 frequently cited key words, 16 persons and 10 departments of University) were calculated. Some key words such as ""Anesthetic techniques: spinal, Anesthetics, intravenous:, Anesthetics, volatile: halothane, Complications:"" was traced every year for grasping the trend of academic concerns. RESULTS: 1. Total volumes of articles were about 3,000 (1968~1996). The volumes were increased slowly until 1976 and steeply since 1986. 2. The ratio of clinical case reports has been decreased every year. 3. Key words ""Anesthetic techniques"", ""Surgery"" and ""Complications"" were more frequently cited than the others. 4. Tracing some key words showed their vitality in anesthetic fields. 5. The personal top ranked number of records revealed each author's contribution to Korean Journal of Anesthesiology and the number of records in each department of University could be used as an index of academic activity. CONCLUSIONS: The extent of the increasing volumes was great especially from 1986 to 1996 and the proportion of original articles has been increased every year. The frequency of the investigated key words showed their own vitality in the field of anesthesiology. The rank according to personal and departmental records suggested the possibility of reflecting a measure of academic concerns and activity.
Anesthesiology* ; Anesthetics ; Anesthetics, Intravenous ; Halothane ; Hand Strength ; Humans