No abstract available.
Cervix Uteri* ; Female

Acrodermatitis enteropathica(AE) which starts in early infancy after weaning is a rare hereditary chronic disorder of zinc absorption. AE is characterized by alopecia, diarrhea and skin lesions localized to periorificial areas and acrally on the extremities. However, recent reports presented Transient Symptomatic Zinc Deficiency(TSZD) in preterm infants. TSZD is clinically similar to AE and skin lesions rapidly heals after zinc supplementation. When the treatment was withheld, no recurrence was seen. We experienced a TSZD case in a cow's milk fed, preterm infant, so We report it with a brief review of literature.
Absorption ; Acrodermatitis ; Alopecia ; Diarrhea ; Extremities ; Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Milk* ; Recurrence ; Skin ; Weaning ; Zinc*

PURPOSE: Metabolic syndrome (MS), characterized by obesity and insulin resistance, elicits risk factors such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and glucose intolerance with additive effects on atherosclerosis, leading to cardiovascular diseases. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of MS among overweight and obese adolescents and to investigate the impact of obesity on the cardiovascular system. METHODS: tal cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density-lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, high-density-lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured in the patients with a BMI of >85 percentile. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (BaPWV) and ankle brachial index were measured using Vascular Profiler (VP)-1000. RESULTS: MS was confirmed in 19.5% of the overweight and obese adolescents and 50.8% of the obese adolescents. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure, height, weight, fat mass, %fat, BMI, obesity index, and waist circumference were higher in the overweight and obese adolescents with MS. Moreover, the triglyceride, AST, ALT, and hs-CRP levels were higher, whereas HDL-cholesterol level was significantly lower in this group. The overweight and obese adolescents with MS showed shorter diastolic and systolic times, higher heart rate and BaPWV, and longer E-wave deceleration time by echocardiography. CONCLUSION: Overweight and obese adolescents showed characteristic MS features such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Thus, obese adolescents predisposed to MS should be provided early treatment for obesity.
Adolescent ; Alanine Transaminase ; Ankle Brachial Index ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Atherosclerosis ; Blood Pressure ; C-Reactive Protein ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cardiovascular System ; Cholesterol ; Deceleration ; Glucose Intolerance ; Heart Diseases ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Hypertension ; Insulin Resistance ; Obesity ; Overweight ; Prevalence ; Pulse Wave Analysis ; Risk Factors ; Waist Circumference

The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical changes in graft size after treatment with strip gingival autograft in human. 57 premolar teeth in 27 patients having the following mucogingival problems were selected. The width of extension, attached gingiva including free marginal gingiva, width of transplant and clinical sulcus depth were measured at the initial examination, 2, 12 and 24 weeks following the strip gingival autograft and free gingival autograft. The change of width of extension, attached gingiva including free marginal gingiva, width of transplant and clinical sulcus depth according to healing process in both graft procedures was statistically analyzed by repeated measure ANOVA test and independent t-test using SPSS program. The results were as follows : 1. The change of keratinized gingiva in both graft procedures was increased significantly at 24 weeks post-op. 2. The clinical sulcus depth exhibited no marked changes throughout the entire investigation in both graft procedures. 3. No dimensional variation was seen in graft size in both graft procedures. 4. Shrinkage did not differ significantly in both graft procedures. From the day of grafting to 24 weeks after surgery the percentages of shrinkage were : strip gingival autograft 28% and free gingival autograft 29%.
Autografts* ; Bicuspid ; Gingiva ; Humans ; Tooth ; Transplants*

PURPOSE: In the present study, the surgical outcome and postoperative exodrift pattern between bilateral lateral rectus recession (BLR) and unilateral lateral rectus recession (ULR) in intermittent exotropia of 20 prism diopters (PDs) were compared. METHODS: In this retrospective study, 5.0 mm BLR or 8.5 mm ULR was performed on 82 patients for the treatment of intermittent exotropia of 20 PDs with a follow-up period of 2 years. The main outcome measures were postoperative 1-week, 1-month, 6-month, 1-year and 2-year exodeviation angles with their patterns and success rates. A surgical success was considered an alignment within 10 PDs and sensory success was defined at 100 seconds of arc. RESULTS: The mean deviation angles at postoperative 1 week were 4.7 ± 5.1 PD esodeviation in the BLR group (44 patients) and 1.2 ± 4.2 PD esodeviation in the ULR group (38 patients). The BLR group was significantly more overcorrected than the ULR group (p = 0.001), but postoperative exodrift occurred in the BLR group at 1 week, 1 month, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years. In the ULR group, the postoperative exodrift occurred at 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months which was followed by stabilized alignment. Surgical success rate at the postoperative 2-year follow-up was 75.0% in the BLR group and 81.6% in ULR group (p = 0.717). CONCLUSIONS: ULR showed less overcorrection and early exodrift up to only 6 months, resulting in stabilization of the alignment afterwards; surgical success rate at the final 2-year follow-up was similar to BLR.
Esotropia ; Exotropia* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Retrospective Studies

Pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA) in infants is manifested by presence of hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, and metabolic acidosis. At initial stages, PAH is generally suspected as congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Transient PHA has been reported in infants with urinary tract infection and urinary tract malformation. We report a case of 5-month-old infant with failure to thrive and finally diagnosed with transient PHA due to urinary tract infection with vesicoureteral reflux.
Acidosis ; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital ; Failure to Thrive* ; Humans ; Hyperkalemia ; Hyponatremia ; Infant* ; Pseudohypoaldosteronism* ; Urinary Tract ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux

Animals ; Cartilage ; Estrogens ; Female ; Humans ; Ovariectomy ; Paraffin ; Rats ; Temporomandibular Joint

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to find an independent relationship between waist circumference/waist-to-hip ratio which estimates abdominal fat and fasting insulin/atherogenic index which is a predictor of coronary heart disease in obese women. METHODS: The subjects were 80 obese (BMI > or = 25 kg/m2) women. Whole body fat was estimated by body fat mass, % body fat using bioelectrical impedence, and by BMI. Abdominal fat was measured by waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio. Fasting insulin was examined and atherogenic index was defined asthe ratio of serum total cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol. Independent association between abdominal fat and insulin/AI was analyzed using partial correlation, multiple regression and Hotelling t-test. RESULTS: Among subjects, 85.7% of obese women had WC greater or equal to 80 cm. The mean BMI was 30.3 kg/m2. The partial correlations between whole body fat and insulin/AI were not significantly different from the partial correlations between abdominal fat and insulin/AI. When age and height were adjusted, partial correlations between abdominal fat and insulin were 0.38 and 0.39. The partial correlations were reduced to 0.15-0.29 after further adjusting for whole body fat. Age and height-adjusted partial correlations between abdominal fat and AI were 0.34 and 0.36. The partial correlations were reduced to 0.11-0.17 when whole body fat was additionally adjusted. Whole body fat explained 9.9-13.7% for variability of insulin; abdominal fat explained 14.2% and 15.9%. Whole body fat explained 12.5-12.8% for variability of AI and abdominal fat explained 11.9%. CONCLUSION: Most of the obese women showed abdominal obesity. Abdominal fat did not seem to be independently associated with fasting insulin and atherogenic index.
Abdominal Fat* ; Adipose Tissue ; Cholesterol ; Coronary Disease ; Fasting ; Female* ; Humans ; Insulin* ; Obesity ; Obesity, Abdominal ; Waist Circumference ; Waist-Hip Ratio

BACKGROUND: In early phase of peritonitis, mononuclear cells as well as polymorphonuclear leukocytes migrate rapidly into peritoneal cavity. For the migration of mononuclear cells, the expression of VCAM-1 on peritoneal mesothelial cells is important. In this study, we investigated the effect of TGF-beta1 on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or interleukin-1beta(IL-1beta) induced VCAM-1 expression in the cultured HPMCs. METHODS: HPMCs were cultured in the presence of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and/or TGF-beta1. VCAM-1 mRNA level was measured by Northern blot. VCAM-1 in total cell lysate and VCAM-1 expressed on cell surface were measured by Western blot and cellular ELISA, respectively. RESULTS: Incubation of the cultured HPMCs with TNF-alpha (10 ng/mL) or IL-1beta (1 ng/mL) caused an increased level of VCAM-1 mRNA, VCAM-1 protein in total cell lysate, and VCAM-1 expressed on cell surface. This stimulatory effects of TNF-alpha or IL- 1beta were inhibited by TGF-beta1 (0.1, 1, 10 ng/mL), dose-dependently. The level of VCAM-1 mRNA, VCAM-1 protein in total cell lysate, and VCAM-1 expressed on cell surface in the unstimulated cells were also inhibited by TGF-beta1 (10 ng/mL). The rate of VCAM-1 mRNA degradation after an application of actinomycin D was not affected by TGF-beta1. CONCLUSION: TGF-beta1 inhibited inflammatory cytokine induced VCAM-1 production and expression in the cultured HPMCs. Treatment of the cells with TGF-beta1 seems to suppress TNF-alpha or IL-1beta induced VCAM-1 mRNA transcription rather than decrease stabilization of VCAM-1 mRNA.
Blotting, Northern ; Blotting, Western ; Dactinomycin ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans* ; Neutrophils ; Peritoneal Cavity ; Peritonitis ; RNA Stability ; RNA, Messenger ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1*

From June 1990 to December 1998, 792 kidney transplantations were performed at Asan Medical Center. 436 cases(55M) were from living-related donors, 139 cases(17.6%) were from living-unrelated donors and 217 cases(27.4%) were from cadaveric donors. The results of the trasnplantation were analyzed according to the various factors known to influence the outcome of transplantation. In living transplants, the overall patients survival rate was 98.2% at 1 year and 95.8% at 5 years, the corres-ponding allograft survival rate was 96.9 and 86.1N. In cadaveric transplants, the overall patients survival rate was 94.3% at 1 year and 94.3% at 5 years, the corresponding allograft survival rate was was 90.296 and 84.8%. In living transplants, donor age(>50yrs), recipient age(>50yrs), ABO compatability, pretrans-plant blood transfusion, diabetic history had no effect on allograft survival rate. But HLA DR cornpa-tability, serum creatinine(2.5mg/dL) at discharge and rejection history had effect on allograft survival(p<0.05). In living-related transplants, 5 year allograft survival rate was 100% at HLA identical group and 86% at HLA haplomatched group. But the statistical significance was not found(p=0.052). In cadaveric transplants, donor age(>50yrs), recipient age(>50yrs), ABO compatability, HLA DR match, diabetic history, pretransplant transfusion had no effect on allograft survival. But serum creatinine at discharge(>2.5mg/dL) and posttransplant rejection had effect on allograft survival.
Allografts ; Blood Transfusion ; Cadaver ; Chungcheongnam-do* ; Creatinine ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; Survival Rate ; Tissue Donors