Intrathecal administration of methotrexate(IT-MTX) has constituted the standard approach to prophylaxis and treatment of central nevous system(CNS) leukemia. We experienced a quadriplegia and motor aphasia in a 14-year-old boy following repeated IT-MTX for the prophylaxis of meningeal leukemia. He was diagnosed as ALL without CNS involvement and treated by CCG- 1882 protocol. IT-MTX was administered for CNS prophylaxis. The patient began complaining of urinary incontinence, motor aphasia and weakness in his right leg from 12 days after the 5th dose of the IT-MTX therapy. Even though the IT-MTX was discontinued, loss of muscle power progressed upward resulting in quadriplegia. The patient showed slow and partial recovery on right extremities over 3 months. We report this case with brief review of literature.
Adolescent ; Aphasia, Broca* ; Extremities ; Humans ; Leg ; Leukemia ; Male ; Methotrexate* ; Quadriplegia* ; Urinary Incontinence

No abstract available.
Dermatitis, Contact*

Diaper dermatitis is an infant dermatosis associated with the wearing of diapers, Despite of its high frequency in clinical pediatrics the clinical characteristics are not well described in the korean literatvre. We investigated the clinical and mycological characteritics of diaper dermatitis in 50 serial patients. Clinically diaper dermatitis was classified. into five categories,irritant contact derniatitis(ID), candidiasis(CD). combined rash of ID and CD(CR.), intertrigo, and miliari. Of 50 patients with diaper dermatitis, 18 had ID; 16, CI3; 10, CR; 5, intertrigo, and 1, miliaria, The mean age of patients with ID (11.8 months) was higher than that of patients with CD (4.0 months). Candida albicans(C. albicans) w is isolated from 25 patients with diaper dermatitis. The rate of positive cultures by clinical diagnosis was 130% in CD, 11.1% in ID, 60, 0% in CR, and 20.0% in intertrigo. C. albicons was isolated from 23 patients(82.1%) of patients with clinically suspected Ci") and 2 of 22 patients without the characteristic erythematous papulesThe presence of eryhematous papules was the most characteristic clinical feature of infection, Other candida species isolated from cut,aneous lesions were C. tropicalsis, C.'. parapsiolosis, and C. stellatoidea.
Candida ; Candidiasis ; Dermatitis* ; Diagnosis ; Exanthema ; Humans ; Infant ; Intertrigo ; Miliaria ; Pediatrics ; Skin Diseases

No abstract available.
Pregnancy* ; Pyelonephritis*

Choroideremia is a rare hereditary disease with characteristic fundus that causes night blindness and peripheral visual field loss. The authors encounter choroideremia accompanied by recurrent uveitis. This paper is designed to give a description of the condition, along with an investigation of the literature. Ophthalmological tests and treatments were performed. Characteristic fundus, night blindness, peripheral visual field loss, electroretinography and other manifestations led us to a diagnosis of choroideremia. The anterior uveitis was managed with medication.
Adult ; Choroideremia/*complications/diagnosis ; Electroretinography ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Fundus Oculi ; Human ; Male ; Night Blindness/etiology ; Recurrence ; Uveitis, Anterior/*complications ; Vision Disorders/etiology ; Visual Fields

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to develop and to evaluate the effectiveness of the I-change model-based smoking cessation program for vocational high school students. Methods: A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was conducted. Fifty seven participants from a vocational high school in U city, South Korea participated in the study which was done during March and April 2019. The I-change model-based smoking cessation programs was developed focusing on enhancing awareness, motivation, and ability to stop smoking for use by high school students. The experimental group completed 8 sessions of the I-change model-based smoking cessation program over 4 weeks, while the control group participated in the general school smoking cessation program. Data were analyzed using x2 test, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test and ANCOVA with the IBM SPSS 25.0 program. Results: After the intervention, the experimental group demonstrated significantly higher levels of awareness about smoking cessation and self-efficacy, better attitude toward cons of smoking, and more change in the stage of behavior than the control group. There was no significant difference in attitude toward pros of smoking between the two groups. Conclusion The I-change model-based smoking cessation program is an effective intervention to improve motivation and change in the stage of behavior for adolescents in vocational high schools. The program will contribute to health education for smoking cessation in vocational high schools.

OBJECTIVE: New Zealand White Rabbits were utilized to determine whether fetal insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) expression in small intestine is altered in response to maternal enodotoxin administration. STUDY DESIGN: Six pregnant rabbits were intramuscularly injected with lipopolysaccharide of E. coli (serotype 055:B5) 30 microgram/kg, whereas normal saline 0.3 mL/kg were injected to the other six pregnant rabbits on gestational day 25 and 26. Fetuses were harvested on gestational day 27 and were identified as favored (Fav) or runt (Runt) depending on the location in the uterus. Fetal weight and small intestinal length were recorded. Three parts of small intestine (proximal, middle and distal) were collected. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to measure IGF-1/beta-actin mRNA densitometric band ratios. Statistical analysis was performed using paired Student's t-test and Pearson correlation test. RESULTS: The ratio of mRNA IGF-1/beta-actin was lower in endotoxin group (0.80+/-0.24, n=24) than control group (1.13+/-0.31, n=24, P<0.05). Fetal weights were decreased with endotoxin group (24.7+/-8.59 gm) compared to control group (28.5+/-4.35 gm, p<0.05). Fav fetuses (1.09+/-0.42, n=12) showed increased expression of IGF-1 mRNA in the small intestine than Runt fetuses (0.84+/-0.35, n=12) in control group. In endotoxin group, there was no statistically significant difference in expression of IGF-1 mRNA between Fav (0.82+/-0.31, n=12) and Runt (0.79+/-0.43, n=12) group. Lengths of small intestine showed no statistically significant difference between control and endotoxin group, and Fav and Runt (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: In our study, maternal endotoxin administration suppressed IGF-1 production in small intestine of fetal rabbit. Endotoxin in maternal serum might be transferred to fetus through placenta and decreased production of mRNA of IGF-1 in small intestine. Further studies are warranted to investigate the correlation between intrauterine growth retardation and maternal gram negative bacterial infection.
Bacterial Infections ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Fetal Weight ; Fetus* ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Intestine, Small* ; Placenta ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rabbits ; Reverse Transcription ; RNA, Messenger ; Uterus

BACKGROUNDS/AIMS: Stem cell therapies for liver disease are being studied by many researchers worldwide, but scientific evidence to demonstrate the endocrinologic effects of implanted cells is insufficient, and it is unknown whether implanted cells can function as liver cells. Achieving angiogenesis, arguably the most important characteristic of the liver, is known to be quite difficult, and no practical attempts have been made to achieve this outcome. We carried out this study to observe the possibility of angiogenesis of implanted bio-artificial liver using scaffolds. METHODS: This study used adipose tissue-derived stem cells that were collected from adult patients with liver diseases with conditions similar to the liver parenchyma. Specifically, microfilaments were used to create an artificial membrane and maintain the structure of an artificial organ. After scratching the stomach surface of severe combined immunocompromised (SCID) mice (n=4), artificial scaffolds with adipose tissue-derived stem cells and type I collagen were implanted. Expression levels of angiogenesis markers including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CD34, and CD105 were immunohistochemically assessed after 30 days. RESULTS: Grossly, the artificial scaffolds showed adhesion to the stomach and surrounding organs; however, there was no evidence of angiogenesis within the scaffolds; and VEGF, CD34, and CD105 expressions were not detected after 30 days. CONCLUSIONS: Although implantation of cells into artificial scaffolds did not facilitate angiogenesis, the artificial scaffolds made with type I collagen helped maintain implanted cells, and surrounding tissue reactions were rare. Our findings indicate that type I collagen artificial scaffolds can be considered as a possible implantable biomaterial.
Actin Cytoskeleton ; Adult ; Animals ; Artificial Organs ; Biocompatible Materials ; Collagen Type I* ; Humans ; Liver Diseases ; Liver* ; Membranes, Artificial ; Mice ; Stem Cells* ; Stomach ; Tissue Scaffolds ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

No abstract available.
Meconium* ; Peritonitis* ; Ultrasonography*

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze anxiety and depression among infertile women at different time points during the firstIn Vitro Fertilization (IVF) or Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) treatment through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: Seven out of 3,011 studies were included for meta-analysis. To estimate the effect size, a meta-analysis of the studies was performedusing the RevMan 5.3 program. We compared the measurement outcomes at three time points: before the start of treatment (T0), cancellationof treatment after pregnancy detection (T2), one to six months after treatment (T3). The effect size used was the standardizedmean difference (SMD). Results: In comparing the different time points of the pregnant women from their cycle, significantly lower levelsof depression were found at T2 than at T0. In non-pregnant women, anxiety at T2 and depression at T2 and T3 were significantly higherthan those at T0. At T2 and T3, the non-pregnant women reported higher levels of anxiety and depression compared with the pregnantwomen. Conclusion Anxiety and depression in infertile women undergoing the first IVF or ICSI are associated with the time points andpregnancy status after treatment. These findings suggest that attention should be paid to helping infertile women prepare for and copewith treatment and treatment failure.