No abstract available.
Humans ; Mycosis Fungoides* ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing* ; Infliximab

No abstract available.
Foot* ; Neuroma*

PURPOSE: Tuberculosis is a chronic infection caused by mycobacteria species. M. tuberculosis causes disease predominantly in the lung, although every organ in the body may be involved. Retinal tuberculosis is very rare and usually unilateral. Possible hypotheses on the pathogenesis of tuberculosis-related retinal vasculitis are an infectious process and a hypersensitivity mechanism. In Korea, no case has been reported. METHOD: We experienced a case of bilateral retinal vasculitis who was suffering from tuberculous meningitis. RESULT: His vasculitis was successfully treated with anti-tuberculosis medications. We report a case of tuberculosis-related retinal vasculitis with the review of literature.
Hypersensitivity ; Korea ; Lung ; Retinal Vasculitis* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Meningeal ; Vasculitis

As the breast is a symbol of feminity, so nipple areolar complex is a crucial aesthetic unit of the breast. Symmertrical and appropriate nipple areolar complex completes the breast reconstruction. Throughout the history of breast reconstruction, various methods of nipple areolar reconstruction have been developed. Composite graft and several local flap methods have been used for reconstruction of nipples. Skin grafts from contralateral areolar or inguinal area and tattooing methods have been introduced for areolar reconstruction. Among 85 patients of breast reconstruction during recent three years, we experienced only 14 cases of nipple areolar reconstruction. This fact is partly from conservative attitude of Korean women to breast reconstruction and also from the long time-period needed to accomplish an acceptable breast mound. For nipple reconstrction, we performed eight H-shape local flaps, three fish tail shape local flaps, and three composite grafts. For reconstruction of areola, full thickness skin graft was used in 13 cases(10 from inguinal area, 3 from contralateral areola) and tattooing was used in a case. We experienced necrosis of reconstruction nipple in two cases(one in fish tail shape local flap cases and one in composite graft cases). There was no other remarkable complication. Among the three methods of nipple reconstruction. H-shape local flap method was a reliable one which provides stable nipple projection as well as simplicity. In most cases areola was successefully reconstructed with full thickness skin graft and if the size of contralateral areola is large enough to share, contralateral areolar sharing seems to be the best choice. In conclusion, the combination of a H-shape local flap and a full thickness skin graft from the inguinal area provides a satisfactory projection of the nipple and pigmentation of the nipple and pigmentation of the areola comparable to the other side.
Breast ; Female ; Humans ; Mammaplasty ; Necrosis ; Nipples* ; Pigmentation ; Skin ; Tattooing ; Transplants

Purpose: To evaluate the risk factors for the development of osteonecrosis in civilian professional divers by an epidemiologic study and to determine the correlation between osteonecrosis in divers and coagulopathy by analysis of serologic markers that are related to thrombophilia and hypofibrinolysis. Materials and Methods: Forty-two divers, who collected pen shells (Atrina pinnata), and among whom 10 had osteonecrosis (group 1), were compared with 32 divers without osteonecrosis (group 2). Both groups were evaluated based on the number of years of diving experience, number of dives per year, mean number of dives per day, mean diving time and depth, and diving methods. We determined any statistically significant differences among these variables. We measured the levels of serologic markers that were related to hyperlipidemia, thrombophilia, and hypofibrinolysis from the divers and a control group of 20 physicians (group 3). The levels of the serologic markers were compared between groups 1 and 2 and between the divers and the control group, in order to determine the relationship between the serologic markers and the development of dysbaric osteonecrosis. Results: None of the variables demonstrated any statistically significant differences, except for the mean diving time, in which group 1 had a mean diving time of 124 minutes and group 2 had a mean diving time of 62.1 minutes (P<0.05). In the analysis of the serologic markers, there were no statistically significant differences between groups 1 and 2; however, in comparison with the group 3, the divers demonstrated significantly decreased activity levels of proteins C and S (Protein C: P<0.05; Protein S: P<0.05), and an increase in the levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) (P<0.05). Conclusion: The divers with osteonecrosis had a longer mean diving time than did those divers without osteonecrosis. In the serologic marker analysis, the divers with osteonecrosis demonstrated significantly decreased activity levels of Proteins C, S and a significant increase in the levels of PAI-1, compared with the control group.
Biomarkers* ; Diving ; Epidemiologic Studies* ; Epidemiology ; Hyperlipidemias ; Osteonecrosis* ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ; Plasminogen Activators ; Protein S ; Risk Factors ; Thrombophilia

Neuronal migrational disorders of the brain represent abnormalities in the formation of the neocortex caused by faulty migration of the subependymal neuroblasts. The neuroblasts normally migrate between the sixth and 15th gestational week and in doing so form the six-layered neocortex. When the migration does not occur in a normal fashion the resultant brain anomalies include lissencephaly, pachygyria, schizencephaly, hemimegalencephaly, heterotopia, and polymicrogyria. Neuronal heterotopia is a collection of nerve cells in abnormal locations as a result of arrest of their radial migration, improper formation, or destruction of the radial glial fiber. We reported a case of neuronal heterotopia with brief review of related literatures.
Agenesis of Corpus Callosum ; Brain ; Lissencephaly ; Malformations of Cortical Development ; Neocortex ; Neuronal Migration Disorders ; Neurons*

PURPOSE: To evaluate therapeutic effect of biofeedback therapy according to methods of diagnosis in patients with norelaxing puborectalis syndrome. METHODS: From September, 1, 1998 to February, 30, 1999, the patients who were diagnosed with norelaxing puborectalis syndrome on anal electromyography (EMG) and/or cinedefecography (CD) underwent biofeedback therapy. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the diagnostic method; CD group - only diagnosed on cinedefecography, EMG group - only diagnosed on anal electromyography, CD EMG group - diagnosed on both tests. RESULTS: Nineteen patients were diagnosed nonrelaxing puborectalis syndrome on CD and/or EMG. There were 14 females and 5 males with a mean age of 40.8+/-18.4 years. The patients were classified into CD group; five patients (26.3%); EMG group, eight patients (42.1%); CD EMG group, six patients (31.6%). The patients had 5.4 3.7 sessions of outpatient EMG-based biofeedback sessions. Subjective symptoms after biofeedback therapy improved in 4 (80.0%), 6 (75%), 5 (83%) patients in CD, EMG, CD EMG groups, respectively. There was a statistically significant increase in spontaneous bowel movements, and a reduction in assisted bowel movements after biofeedback therapy in patients in all three groups (p<0.05). However, no significant difference was found among the three groups. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that biofeedback therapy had a high therapeutic effect regardless to the diagnostic method. Therefore, biofeedbck therapy can be performed if one test results in the diagnosis of norelaxing puborectalis syndrome in patients with constipation.
Biofeedback, Psychology* ; Constipation ; Diagnosis* ; Electromyography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Outpatients

No abstract available.
Humans