PURPOSE: Although breast reconstruction provides some advantages for women following mastectomy, few Korean breast cancer patients currently receive such reconstruction. Routine provision of breast reconstruction requires simplicity and easy availability for the procedure. This paper reports the possibility of performing breast reconstruction by insertion of a tissue expander by the breast surgeon. METHODS: We studied 22 cases of breast cancer patients who were treated in the Breast service of KangNam Cha Hospital. Nine cases were the group of immediate expander insertion and 13 were the group of MRM only. We evaluated age, histopathologic stage, starting time of chemotherapy, operation time, drainage amounts and periods, medication periods, time of discharge and depression score. RESULTS: The mean age of the expander insertion group was 41, which was younger than that of the MRM only group by 3 years. Histopathologic state was better in the expander insertion group and the time for chemotherapy start was almost the same between the two groups. Mean operation time in the expander insertion group was 2 hours and 41 minutes, and it was longer than the MRM only group by 1 hour, but it included additional wasting time to check the results of frozen biopsy. Periods for drainage were longer and amounts were larger, but this only delayed the medication period and time for discharge by two days. There were no other complications and mental suffering was alleviated. CONCLUSION: Tissue expander insertion for breast reconstruction could be offered on a routine basis by breast surgeons without problems. Breast reconstruction will become a more essential process for breast cancer patients to improve the quality of life. It is ideal if the same surgeon participates in both oncology and reconstruction surgery.
Biopsy ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Depression ; Drainage ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Mammaplasty* ; Mastectomy* ; Quality of Life ; Stress, Psychological ; Tissue Expansion Devices*

No abstract available.
Thumb*

TO determine the normal neonatal adrenal gland size, ultrasonographic examinations were performed in 145 newborn infants. They were divided into 3 groups according to the days of age. The group I is 1~3 days, group II is 6~9 days and group III is 21~50 days of age. 1) The adrenal gland size was as follows. In group I, the length was 29.05mm and the width was 4.02mm. In group II, the length was 24.04mm and the width was 2.79mm. In group III, the length was 19.54mm and the width was 2.21mm. 2) With increasing age, the size of adrenal gland became smaller. 3) The size of adrenal gland correlated well with the birth weight and height. We conclude that the ultrasonographic examination is useful in infant adrenal gland disease.
Adrenal Gland Diseases ; Adrenal Glands* ; Birth Weight ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Intussusception* ; Ultrasonography*

No abstract available.
Foot* ; Free Tissue Flaps*

Understanding the kinetics of normal blinking is helpful for assessing ptosis, third and seventh cranial nerve palsy. Many different techniques have been used to measure the kinetics of blinking. These techniques require expensive tools and specific clinical environment. And they are invasive and difficult to apply to children because of lack of cooporation. We videotaped the eyelid movements of normal subject using video camera which can be used in uncooperative children and is noninvasive manner. There was no significant difference in the mean velocity and the time of eye closure and opening according to the age and sex(p>0.05). But the greater the levator palpebra function, the faster the mean velocity of eye opening and the faster the mean velocity of eye closure, the lesser the D ratio. We took standard data of eyelid movement of normal subject. Therefore, we may expect the diagnostic value of eyelid movement measurement using video camera in eyelid movement disorders.
Blinking* ; Child ; Eyelids ; Facial Nerve ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Movement Disorders ; Paralysis

No abstract available.
Pregnancy* ; Ultrasonography*

Polyorchidism is an uncommon congenital anomaly, which is defined as the presence of more than two testes, and may be associated with urological pathologies, such as an undescended testis, inguinal hernia, testicular torsion and testicular tumor. In the absence of any concomitant disorder, and if testicular tumor can be ruled out, using magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography, then a surgical exploration or biopsy is unnecessary. We report a case of polyorchidism in a 3 year-old-boy, with three testes in the right scrotum.
Biopsy ; Cryptorchidism ; Hernia, Inguinal ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Pathology ; Scrotum ; Spermatic Cord Torsion ; Testis ; Ultrasonography

Cellular oncogenes are expressed as an intrinsic part of the transformed or neoplastic phenotype. More than 60 of the known cellular oncogenes play a specific role in normal cellular development and differentiation. To examine the correlation between ras oncogene expression and the development of cervical cancer, this study investigated the reactivity of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN) and carcinoma of the uterine cervix by using anti-ras P21 mouse monoclonal antibody. The expression of ras oncogene significantly increased with the grade of malignancy from 11% in severe dysplasia, 30% in carcinoma in situ, 43% in microinvasive carcinoma, to 53% in invasive cancer. The expression of ras oncogene was not correlated with histologic type, tumor size, and nodal status of cervical cancer. It was concluded that expression of ras oncogene is related to early phase of carcinogenesis and tumor invasion of carcinoma of the uterine cervix.
Animals ; Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Genes, ras* ; Mice ; Oncogenes ; Phenotype ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

PURPOSE: Chronic pelvic pain syndrome(CPPS) is the most common category of the chronic prostatitis. CPPS is a poorly defined, multifactorial condition characterized by pelvic pain and voiding symptoms. The effectiveness of extracorporeal magnetic innervation(ExMI) therapy was evaluated in patients with CPPS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From July 2003 to December 2004, 28 men who were diagnosed with CPPS who were refractory to medication underwent ExMI therapy for 2 visits weekly for 8 weeks. The patients completed the National Institute of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index(NIH-CPSI) and a maximal flow rate index. RESULTS: Significant decreases occured in NIH-CPSI pain(9.7 to 8.3, p <0.05), NIH-CPSI urination(4.4 to 3.9, p <0.05), NIH-CPSI quality of life 8.7 to 7.7, p <0.05), and total NIH-CPSI(22.8 to 19.9, p <0.05) scores after treatment. There was an insignificant decrease in the maximal flow rate(21.5 to 21.4, p> 0.05) score after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: ExMI therapy effectively improves the symptoms of CPPS. ExMI therapy appears to be a safe and effective treatment in improving both the symptoms and the quality of life of men with CPPS refractory to conventional treatment. A larger controlled study is required to confirm these results.
Humans ; Male ; Pelvic Pain* ; Prostatitis ; Quality of Life* ; Urination*