No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Kidney*

No abstract available.
Skin*

School foodservice customers are likely to be tired of repeated cycle menus and their satisfaction for meals offered in school is inclined to be low. The menu variety is an important factor in increasing customer satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to investigate customer perspectives for applying rice based bread menus in order to add menu variety and promote using rice processed products in school foodservice. The questionnaire was distributed to 760 parent samples in elementary schools and 520 student samples in middle/high schools and a total of 665 and 387 usable data were collected, respectively. Food habits such as preference for cooking method, menu preference, food allergy and nutritional perspectives for menu and customer perception for rice based bread like quality, reliability, price, and purchasing convenience were investigated using 7 Likert scale. Also expected menu types applying rice based bread and offering frequency of rice bread menu were examined. Preference level for bread-based meals were moderate and students' preferences were slightly higher than parents. Menu types applying rice bread expected by middle/high school students were western food (49.4%), spaghetti (28.4%), set menu (13.7%), noodle (17.6%), Korean food (11.1%), Chinese food (10.9%) and porridge (4.5%). The most occupied rate was once in a week for expected offering frequency. Most respondents perceived that rice bread was more nutritive and qualitative than the wheat based one.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Bread ; Cooking ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Food Habits ; Food Hypersensitivity ; Food Preferences ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Meals ; Parents ; Triticum

Background: The AdvanSure TB/NTM plus real-time PCR (AdvanSure plus PCR; LG Chem., Korea) assay has been developed to increase the diagnostic sensitivity of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) compared with the currently used the AdvanSure TB/NTM real-time PCR (AdvanSure PCR;LG Chem., Korea) assay. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the performance of the AdvanSure plus PCR comparing the results with mycobacterial culture and the AdvanSure PCR. Methods: Patients (n=199) with suspected NTM or Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) were tested using AdvanSure plus PCR, AdvanSure PCR, acid-fast bacilli staining, and mycobacteria culture. Additionally, 200 DNA samples (n=100, MTC and n=100, NTM) were obtained from positive MTC or NTM cultures for evaluation using the AdvanSure plus PCR assay. Results: The two real-time PCR systems showed a 94.0% (n=187/199) concordance rate (Kappa=0.94). Based on culture results, the sensitivity and specificity for the detection of MTC were 100% (45/45) and 83.8% (129/154) using AdvanSure plus PCR, and 100.0% (45/45) and 99.3% (153/154) using AdvanSure PCR, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity for NTM detection were 68.0% (n=17/25) and 90.2% (n=157/174), respectively, with AdvanSure plus PCR, and 64.0% (n=16/25) and 95.4% (n=166/174), respectively, using AdvanSure PCR. With culturepositive samples, AdvanSure plus PCR tested positive for 100% of both the MTC and NTM specimens. Seven (out of 200) culture-positive samples tested positive for both MTC and NTM using the AdvanSure plus PCR. Conclusion AdvanSure plus PCR had increased sensitivity but decreased specificity compared with AdvanSure PCR for the detection of NTM. The AdvanSure plus PCR assay can be used for the simultaneous detection of MTC and NTM in direct specimen and culture.

Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is caused by autosomal dominant pathogenic variants in one of 14 currently known monogenic genes. Characteristics of patients with MODY include early-onset clinical disease with a family history of diabetes and negative autoantibodies and may present with heterogeneous phenotypes according to the different subtypes. Here, we report a patient with early-onset diabetes who presented asymptomatic mild fasting hyperglycemia with the absence of autoantibodies. She was diagnosed with glucokinase (GCK)-MODY caused by a GCK variant, c.1289T>C (p.L430P), identified by targeted gene-panel testing, and the affected father had the same variant. We interpreted this rare missense variant as a likely pathogenic variant and then she stopped taking oral medication. This case highlights the usefulness of genepanel testing for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management of MODY. We also note the importance of familial genetic testing and genetic counseling for the proper interpretation of MODY variants.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate nurses' perceptions on child abuse. METHODS: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, data were collected using a questionnaire and 217 nurses working in seven general hospitals were surveyed. The perception scale was divided into 4 subscales: physical, psychological, sexual abuse and neglect. RESULTS: Nurses who suspected child abuse accounted for 18.1% of the nurses, and 41.9% of the nurses stated that they did not to report suspected child abuse. The nurses reported receiving only a little education about the prevention of child abuse. The mean score for perception on child abuse was high (3.59±0.31). Recognition of sexual abuse ranked highest, psychological abuse ranked lowest. CONCLUSION: The findings from this research provide baseline information for understanding nurses' perceptions on child abuse, and may help in the development of appropriate education programs that will enable nurses to report child abuse.
Child ; Child Abuse* ; Child* ; Education ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Sex Offenses

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a mentoring program designed to help middle school girls from low income families cope with stress and improve self-esteem. METHODS: A non-equivalent control group, pretest-posttest design was used. The independent variable was the mentoring program, in which the mentors were nursing students and the mentees were middle school girls. The dependent variables were stress and self-esteem scores. The program was conducted using group activities and personal approaches through the mentor-mentee relationship. The program was conducted from September 1 to December 11, 2010 in a middle school in A city, South Korea. RESULTS: At follow-up, the stress and mental health scores had improved significantly in the intervention group compared to the control group. The self-esteem scores in the intervention group were significantly higher after the intervention than scores before the intervention. However there was no significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that mentoring programs have the potential to be developmentally appropriate interventions for stress management and self-esteem improvement in adolescents from vulnerable families and also enable nursing students as mentors to gain confidence in their professional capability.
Adolescent ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mental Health ; Mentors ; Phosphatidylethanolamines ; Poverty ; Students, Nursing

PURPOSE: To evaluate the correlation between the conventional method and the clinical history method those determine intraocular lens (IOL) power for cataract surgery in eyes with prior laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in the absence of pre-LASIK data. METHODS: The medical records of 200 eyes in 100 patients who had been treated with LASIK for myopia and were followed up for more than 6 months were reviewed. The IOL powers by conventional method using post-LASIK keratometric value and by clinical history method were compared. RESULTS: The mean values of IOL powers by conventional method, and by clinical history method were +20.00+/-1.48D (+13.74~+23.23D) and +20.79+/-1.28D (+17.27~+24.32D), respectively. The following equation describes the regular relationship between the two METHODS: IOL(CHM) (clinical history method)=0.708*IOL(CM) (conventional method) +6.624 (r=0.816, p<.01). CONCLUSIONS: This equation may offer more accurate IOL power for cataract surgery in eyes with prior LASIK surgery in the absence of pre-LASIK data.
Cataract* ; Humans ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ* ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Medical Records ; Myopia

PURPOSE: We evaluate the clinical outcomes after wavefront-guided (WFG) Epi-LASIK in mild and moderate myopia . METHODS: The uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), manifest refraction, total high order aberrations, contrast sensitivity for day and night vision, and pain score in 114 eyes of 61 patients who had undergone WFG Epi-LASIK were measured preoperatively and at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 2 months, and 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS: At 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 2 months and 6 months postoperatively, UCVA & BCVA had improved significantly. At 1 month postoperatively, the spherical equivalent was -0.93+/-0.74 and showed a stable pattern at 6 months postoperatively. There was no statistically significant difference in total high-order aberration between preoperatively measurements and measurements taken at 6 months postoperative (p=0.745). At a frequency of 19 cpd, night contrast sensitivity showed significant statistical difference (p=0.010) but no difference at low and medium frequencies between preoperative measurements and postoperative six months measurements. Pain subsided at 2 weeks postoperative. All patients maintained clear cornea and suffered no complications. CONCLUSIONS: At 6 months postoperatively, patients who underwent Wavefront-guided Epi-LASIK showed successful results for the correction of moderate myopia and excellent contrast sensitivity at night time. Wavefront-guided Epi-LASIK may solve the visual quality problem after refractive surgery and, therefore, may be clinically useful.
Contrast Sensitivity ; Cornea ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Myopia ; Night Vision ; Refractive Surgical Procedures ; Visual Acuity

BACKGROUND: The spinal administration of neostigmine has been shown to produce analgesia, but this analgesia is limited by adverse effects. This study was designed to determine whether intra-articular neostigmine results in an analgesic effect in a rat inflamed knee joint model, and to investigate the possible involvement of nitric oxide in neostigmine-induced analgesia. METHODS: Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups; control group, neostigmine group (1, 3, 10micro gram), and L-NAME group (neostigmine 1, 3, 10micro gram + L-NAME 500micro gram). Inflammation was induced by injecting 2% carageenan into the right knee joint. Intraarticular drugs were injected at an hour after the injection of carageenan. Effects of these drugs were assessed before and at 4, 8, 12, 24, 60, and 120 hours after inflammation using a Dynamic plantar aesthesiometer. RESULTS: There were significant differences between the neostigmine 3, and 10micro gram group and the control group. There were no significant differences between the neostigmine group and the L-NAME group except for in the neostigmine 10micro gram L-NAME group at 24 hours. There were no significant differences between the neostigmine 3micro gram L-NAME group and the control group. This result shows that injection of L-NAME partially reverses the anlgesic effects of the neostigmine. CONCLUSIONS: Intra-articular neostigmine results in an analgesic effect at the site of inflammation. Although this study could not prove the involvement of nitric oxide in the peripheral analgesic effect of neostigmine, it demonstrates the possible involvement of nitric oxide in neostigmine-induced analgesia.
Analgesia ; Animals ; Arthritis* ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Knee Joint ; Male ; Neostigmine* ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester* ; Nitric Oxide ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley