No abstract available.
Primary Myelofibrosis*

No abstract available.
Calcium Gluconate* ; Calcium*

To measure the birth registration rate and the validity of birth registration data in rural area, all of the 4,014 married women under 49 years of age who had not been sterilized in Gunwee county of Kyungpook province were followed by Myun health workers for 2 years from April 1, 1985 to March 31, 1987 and 766 births were detected. All of the birth registration records of Myun offices were reviewed on September 30, 1987 and 944 births which occurred within the above mentioned period were found. Actual birth date obtained by follow-up study were compared with the birth date on registration card. Among 766 births detected by follow-up study, 576 births(75.2%) which were reported within 6 months after birth were ascertained on the official registration records and 96 births(12.5%) were not found on the records although mother stated that the birth was registered. The registration rate within legal due date was 61.3% among 576 births detected by follow-up study and also ascertained on the official records. The registration rate within legal due date was lower in mothers under 20 years of age and above 35 years and in mothers who had only primary education. It was decreased as the birth order increased. The registration rate was higher in births occurred from October to March than births occurred from April to September. All of the births of 7 neonatal deaths were not reported. The registered birth date was consistent with the actual birth date in 78.0%. Birth date on record was earlier than the actual birth date in 6.8% and later in 15.3%. The consistency rate was lower in mothers above 35 years of age(54.5%), and in infants of 4th birth order and above(56.3%). The rate was increased as the maternal education level increased. The rate of boys was higher than that of girls. A higher percentage(17.4%) of infants born in March was registered with earlier date than the actual birth date and most of these registered birth dates were lunar calendar date. This might be related with the age for entering the primary school. The study findings revealed that the birth registration rate within legal due date and accuracy of report have been increased in recent years, but the infant mortality rate derived from the birth registration seems to be very inaccurate. It is suggested to let the medical personnel who delivered the baby report the birth by mail directly to the current address of parent while infants delivered at home without professional attendant may comply with the present registration system.
Birth Order ; Education ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Mortality ; Linear Energy Transfer ; Mothers ; Parents ; Parturition* ; Postal Service

Nephrogenic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (NSIAD) is a rare X-linked genetic condition caused by a gain-of-function mutation of arginine vasopressin receptor 2 gene, AVPR2. We report the case of a male neonate diagnosed with NSIAD based on his DNA sequence of the AVPR2 gene and the clinical course. He demonstrated a complete correction of hyponatremia using oral urea. We suggest that (1) sequencing analysis of the AVPR2 gene ought to be done in newborns with prolonged euvolemic hyponatremia, hypo-osmolality, high urinary sodium and normal/low or undetectable AVP levels, and that (2) oral urea is a safe and effective treatment option in infants diagnosed with NSIAD until the patients are grown-up.

OBJECTIVE: To describe a hand-stretching device that was developed for the management of hand spasticity in chronic hemiparetic stroke patients, and the effects of this device on hand spasticity. METHODS: Fifteen chronic hemiparetic stroke patients with finger flexor spasticity were recruited and randomly assigned to an intervention group (8 patients) or a control group (7 patients). The stretching device consists of a resting hand splint, a finger and thumb stretcher, and a frame. In use, the stretched state was maintained for 10 minutes per exercise session, and the exercise was performed twice daily for 4 weeks. Spasticity of finger flexor muscles in the two groups was assessed 3 times, 4 weeks apart, using the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS). Patients in the intervention group were assessed twice (pre-1 and pre-2) before and once (post-1) after starting the stretching program. RESULTS: Mean MAS (mMAS) scores at initial evaluations were not significantly different at pre-1 in the intervention group and at 1st assessment in the control group (p>0.05). In addition, no significant differences were observed between mMAS scores at pre-1 and pre-2 in the intervention group (p>0.05). However, mMAS scores at post-1 were significantly lower than that at pre-2 in the intervention group (p<0.05). Within the control group, no significant changes in mMAS scores were observed between 1st, 2nd, and 3rd assessments (p>0.05). In addition, mMAS scores at post-1 in the intervention group were significantly decreased compared with those at the 3rd assessment in the control group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The devised stretching device was found to relieve hand spasticity effectively in chronic hemiparetic stroke patients.
Fingers ; Hand ; Humans ; Muscle Spasticity ; Muscles ; Paresis ; Splints ; Stroke ; Thumb

We found that the second author name was published incorrectly. Min Cheol Jang was changed to Min Cheol Chang.

We found that the second author name was published incorrectly. Min Cheol Jang was changed to Min Cheol Chang.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of the study is to investigate an outbreak of rotavirus infection in a neonatal unit and to study the effectiveness of the infection control measures implemented. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We investigated an outbreak of rotavirus infection in a neonatal unit equipped with 4 newborn nursery rooms (NNRs) from Dec. 2002 through May 2003. After performing initial surveillance study in all 11 newborns and 21 staffs for stool rotavirus shedding, we observed the course of the outbreak by assessing week incidence and introducing reinforced control measures. P (VP4) genotypes of rotavirus isolates were determined to investigate the link between NNRs and the pediatric ward. RESULTS: Initial surveillance showed that 2 newborns from NNRs were infected, but none of staffs were infected. Despite initial intervention (70% alcohol based gel for hand hygiene, cohorting of the neonates, and education for staffs), new cases increased up to 9.2 cases per 100 neonate week. Even after further control measures such as using commercialized milk and recruiting new staffs, cases continued to occur with 22.2 cases per 100 neonate week. Finally, a temporary NNR was set up and disinfection of surfaces and equipments from the neonatal unit was performed, after which the outbreak ceased. All rotaviruses isolated during the outbreak from newborns in NNRs were genotype P2A, whereas isolates from the pediatric ward were genotype P1A, P1B, and P3. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that rotaviral diarrhea is highly transmissible and when outbreak occurs in the neonatal unit, excessive control measures such as the ward closure may be needed.
Cohort Studies ; Diarrhea ; Disinfection ; Education ; Genotype ; Hand Hygiene ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Infection Control* ; Milk ; Nurseries ; Rotavirus Infections* ; Rotavirus*

BACKGROUND: The purpose of the study is to investigate an outbreak of rotavirus infection in a neonatal unit and to study the effectiveness of the infection control measures implemented. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We investigated an outbreak of rotavirus infection in a neonatal unit equipped with 4 newborn nursery rooms (NNRs) from Dec. 2002 through May 2003. After performing initial surveillance study in all 11 newborns and 21 staffs for stool rotavirus shedding, we observed the course of the outbreak by assessing week incidence and introducing reinforced control measures. P (VP4) genotypes of rotavirus isolates were determined to investigate the link between NNRs and the pediatric ward. RESULTS: Initial surveillance showed that 2 newborns from NNRs were infected, but none of staffs were infected. Despite initial intervention (70% alcohol based gel for hand hygiene, cohorting of the neonates, and education for staffs), new cases increased up to 9.2 cases per 100 neonate week. Even after further control measures such as using commercialized milk and recruiting new staffs, cases continued to occur with 22.2 cases per 100 neonate week. Finally, a temporary NNR was set up and disinfection of surfaces and equipments from the neonatal unit was performed, after which the outbreak ceased. All rotaviruses isolated during the outbreak from newborns in NNRs were genotype P2A, whereas isolates from the pediatric ward were genotype P1A, P1B, and P3. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that rotaviral diarrhea is highly transmissible and when outbreak occurs in the neonatal unit, excessive control measures such as the ward closure may be needed.
Cohort Studies ; Diarrhea ; Disinfection ; Education ; Genotype ; Hand Hygiene ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Infection Control* ; Milk ; Nurseries ; Rotavirus Infections* ; Rotavirus*

In the Visible Korean project, 642 three-dimensional (3D) surface models have been built from the sectioned images of a male cadaver. It was recently discovered that popular PDF file enables users to approach the numerous surface models conveniently on Adobe Reader. Purpose of this study was to present a PDF file including systematized surface models of human body as the beneficial contents. To achieve the purpose, fitting software packages were employed in accordance with the procedures. Two-dimensional (2D) surface models including the original sectioned images were embedded into the 3D surface models. The surface models were categorized into systems and then groups. The adjusted surface models were inserted to a PDF file, where relevant multimedia data were added. The finalized PDF file containing comprehensive data of a whole body could be explored in varying manners. The PDF file, downloadable freely from the homepage (http://anatomy.co.kr), is expected to be used as a satisfactory self-learning tool of anatomy. Raw data of the surface models can be extracted from the PDF file and employed for various simulations for clinical practice. The technique to organize the surface models will be applied to manufacture of other PDF files containing various multimedia contents.
Cadaver ; Human Body ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Male ; *Models, Biological ; *Software ; User-Computer Interface