The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference in nutrient intake according to the level of self-perception of health status, aging status and life satisfaction of the rural elderly. The factors for the study were surveyed by interview method. The subjects were 270 people(71 male, 129 female) aged over 65 years(73.5 +/- 5.6ys) in the Ham-an area. The obtained results as follows : By evaluation of self-perception of health status, 57.5% of subjects answered they are in a bad health condition. The 91.5% of subjects had diseases(rheumatitis & arthritis 31.4%, cardiovascular disease 20.2%, gastric disease 10.2%). The women had more diseases than the men(p<0.01). The subjects took medical treatment in private hospital(40.5%) and public health centers(35.0%). The men showed better level of aging status(p<0.001) and life satisfaction index(p<0.01) than the worsen. Living with spouse influenced the aging status(p<0.05) and the more pocket money influenced life satisfaction(p<0.05) and aging status(p<0.05). The elderly who eat regularly 3 times a day(p<0.05) and have a good appetite(p<0.001) appeared to have positive effect on the self perception of health status and aging status. An increasing level of the self-perception of health status and regular exercise worked to improve aging status(p<0.001). The habits of smoking and alcohol drinking, however had no effect on any index. The self-perception of health status affected the nutrient intake, but only in female elderly. The aging status and the life satisfaction index related overall positively to the intake of nutrients. In conclusion, the study shows that gender did influence nutrient intake in the elderly. The women who live alone rated lowest in social resources and health condition therefore their nutrient intake was also extremely in deficit. For successful aging, a program for rural elderly is needed, i.e. actions to provide minimum economic life, food delivery and psychological/physical health care through regional public health centers.
Aged* ; Aging* ; Alcohol Drinking ; Arthritis ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Delivery of Health Care ; Female ; Gyeongsangnam-do* ; Humans ; Male ; Public Health ; Self Concept ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Spouses ; Stomach Diseases

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of taping therapy on activities of daily livings (ADL). hand function and range of motion in poststroke-hemiplegic patients. Sample were selected from 20 poststroke-hemiplegic patients at public health center in the period from September 5 to November 21, 2001. The research design was one group pretest-posttest design. The hemiplegia period of the participants was from one year to five years The pretest and posttest included measuring activity of daily livings(ADL). instrumental activity of daily livings(IADL), hand function, range of motion. quality of life. In this research design, a treatment were to expose taping therapy who were received self-help management program. This self-help management program was cor:1Posed of five sessions and each session had health education on stroke. diet. risk factor. ROM exercise and recreation. 20 patients were treated with kinesio taping(Nippon Sigmax Co.. Ltd.. Benefact(r). width 50mm). Tapes were applied to the Deltoid. Supraspinatus. Infraspinatus, Brachioradialis with paralyzed upper extremity. The taping therapy was performed once a week for 5 weeks. SPSS Win 8.0 was used for the data analysis. The results of this study were as follows: 1) The score of BADL was increased from 30.5 to 33.95 after program, and that was statistically significant(p = .019). 2) The score of IADL was increased from 11.6 to 12.75 after program. but that was statistically insignificant(p = .161). 3) The score of hand function was increased from 17 to 20.35 after program. and that was statistically significant(p = .026). 4) The shoulder's ROM(p=.000) and wrist's ROM(p= .004) were significantly increased. According to the results of this study, taping therapy is effective for improving ADL. hand function. ROM. quality of life. However. this study found no significant differences in IADL Consequently. these findings showed that the taping therapy was effective in improvement of physical aspects(BADL, hand function, upper extremity's ROM) in poststroke-hemiplegic patients.
Activities of Daily Living* ; Diet ; Hand* ; Health Education ; Hemiplegia ; Humans ; Public Health ; Quality of Life* ; Range of Motion, Articular* ; Recreation ; Research Design ; Risk Factors ; Statistics as Topic ; Stroke* ; Upper Extremity

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of a health management program on body composition(body weight, body fat mass, body fat ratio, lean body mass, abdominal fat ratio), self-efficacy and health promotion behavior in middle-aged women. This 6-week long program containing exercise and health education was developed by researchers. The study design was one group pretest- posttest design. Data for the study was collected from August 1 to September 15, 2002. The participants consisted of 15 middle - aged women living in the community. The collected data was analyzed using Wilcoxon Matched - Signed - Ranks Test by SPSS/WIN program The results are as follows: 1. There was a significant difference in body composition at week 6 compared to week 1. The body weight, body fat mass and body fat ratio significantly decreased(Z= -2.533, p=. 011 ; Z= -2.023, p= .043; Z= -2.023, p= .043). But the lean body mass significantly increased(Z= -2.226, p= .026). 2.There was a significant improvement in self-efficacy at week 6 compared to week 1(Z= -3.434, p= .001). 3.There was a significant improvement in health promotion behavior at week 6 compared to week 1(Z = -3.305, p= .001). In conclusion, health management program promoting self - efficacy for middle-aged women was effective in improving health promotion behavior. Further study with a longer follow up period is necessary in order to test the long term effect of the program.
Abdominal Fat ; Adipose Tissue ; Body Composition* ; Body Weight ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Health Education ; Health Promotion* ; Humans

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of preceptorship on On the Job Training of new nurses. The research design was a retrospective survey and one group pre-post test design. The subjects were 49 entry nurses and 49 preceptors. The data were collected from Feburary 1, 1998 to December 1, 1998. One questionnair applied in this study consisted of general characteristics, the responses of new entry nurses and their preceptors and their qualities. The other questionnair consisted of job satisfaction of new entry nurses and preceptors and their competencies. The data were analyzed for frequencies, mean score, standard deviation, t-test, and ANOVA. The results of the study were as follows: 1) Preceptees's responses were that the nurses' affiliation of unit, cooperation of other nurses, and competencies of nursing skills improved after OJT applied preceptorship. 2) Preceptors's answers were that preceptor- ship had a positive effect on their continuing education. 3) While preceptees's job satisfaction scores were high in interaction, administration, and organization, they were low in autonomy and pay. 4) Pre-competency scores were the same as post-competency scores. 5) After preceptorship, preceptors responded that their nursing skill & communication competency increased, but their nursing administration competency decreased. 6) Finally, preceptorship's other effects were as follows: 1. Checklists for preceptee education at the nursing unit were developed separately. 2. It was proved that 'preceptor interview note' was effective on manage preceptorship. 3. We obtained duty overlap periods; medical- surgical units-1 month, 5 ICU-2 months, operation room-3 months. 4. We prepared a preceptor program based on the study results.
Checklist ; Education ; Education, Continuing ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Inservice Training ; Job Satisfaction ; Nursing ; Preceptorship* ; Research Design ; Retrospective Studies ; Ships

No abstract available.
Anemia* ; Child* ; Communicable Diseases* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome*

Sixty-three patients with permanent sigmoid colostomy were surveyed to evaluate their satisfaction and complications with the "irrigation technique" and the "atural evacuation" of the colostomy management (irrigation technique; 32 patients, natural evacuation; 31 patients). All patients had colostomy for at least 12 months without disease recurrence. Each patient was interviewed in addition to standard questionnaire. The irrigation was not associated with any major complication including colonic perforation. The irrigation was used younger age group than the natural evacuation (53+/-10 vs. 62+/-12, P=0.01). The frequency of bowel movement was lower in the irrigation than in the natural evacuation (5.1+/-2.5/wk vs. 10.8+/-9.0/wk, P=0.04). Five patients (16%) of the irrigation experienced spontaneous bowel action but only one patient suffered from it. The time spent for managing irrigation was 59+/-13 minutes. Twenty-three patients (74%) of the natural evacuation suffered from one or moreproblems such as expensive apparatus, leakage, skin irritation or odor. Sixteen patients (52%) of the natural evacuation and 2 patients (6%) of the irrigation were restricted in social activity (P=0.0001). Thirteen patients (42%) of the natural evacuation and 1 patient (3%) of the irrigation were dissatisfied with colostomy management (P=0.002). Thus, the irrigation technique seems to be more effective and satisfactory method for managing colostomy without compromising patient's social activity when it is performed in appropriately selected patients.
Colon ; Colon, Sigmoid ; Colostomy* ; Humans ; Odors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Recurrence ; Skin

No abstract available.
Tobacco Smoke Pollution*

Antioxidative function of uncooked powdered food (Sangsik) was evaluated in rats consuming nutritionally unbalanced diet including 1% cholesterol, high proportion of animal lipids (lard : soybean oil : 8 . 2) , sub-optimal levels of vitamin and mineral mixture along with 0.5% ethanol in drinking water. The uncooked powdered food tested in the present study was a mixture composed of 42 kinds of plant foods (cereals, legumes, seaweeds, vegetables, and fruits) supplemented with vitamins and minerals, and dietary fiber. Control rats were fed the semi-purified diet based on the AIN-93G composition, and nutritionally unbalanced rats were divided into 3 groups, and fed one of the following diets with 0.5% ethanol in drinking water for 5 weeks : unbalanced control diet (UC) ,20% Sangsik powder supplemented diet (S20), and 40% Sangsik powder supplemented diet (S40) . Food efficiency ratio was significantly higher in rats fed S40 compared to the value for rats fed UC (p<0.05). Hepatic level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) was significantly lower in rats fed UC compared to that for control rats (p<0.05), and was not influenced by dietary supplementation of the Sangsik powder. Hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly higher in rats fed UC compared to that for control rats (p<0.05), and significantly reduced in rats fed S20 or S40 compared to the value for unbalanced control rats. Feeding unbalanced control diet significantly reduced the ratio of hepatic GSH-Px + catalase/SOD activities compared to the value for control rats, and this decrease in the ratio of antioxidant enzyme activities was reversed by adding the Sangsik powder to the diet at 20% (p<0.05) . Based on the results of antioxidant enzyme activities, feeding uncooked powdered diet appears to provide a favorable environment for body's antioxidative defense mechanism. Serum levels of Fe and Cu were significantly lower in rats fed the Sangsik powder supplemented diets compared to the value for unbalanced control rats (p<0.05), and levels of Se, Mn, and Zn were also tended to be decreased by dietary supplementation of the Sangsik powder. These results postulate the possibility that ingredients used in the uncooked powdered food may decrease the bioavailability of trace elements in rats.
Animals ; Biological Availability ; Cholesterol ; Diet* ; Dietary Fiber ; Dietary Supplements ; Drinking Water ; Ethanol ; Fabaceae ; Minerals ; Plants ; Rats* ; Soybean Oil ; Superoxide Dismutase ; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ; Trace Elements ; Vegetables ; Vitamins

During laparoscopic surgery with carbon dioxide (CO2) pneumoperitoneum, PaCO2 (arterial CO2 gas tension) and P(ET)O2 (end-tidal CO2 gas tension) will be affected by the durations of CO2 pneumo-peritoneum and the body positions. PaCO2 and P(ET)CO2 were investigated 5 minutes after induction of general anesthesia(control value), 10 minutes, 30 minutes and 60 minutes after CO2 gas insufflation, and 15 minutes after CO2 gas excretion. Seventy-two patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia were allocated to two study groups: group I, laparoscopic appendectomy under the Trendelenburg position; group II, laparoscopic cholecystectomy under the reverse Trendelenburg position. In results, PaCO2 and P(ET)CO2 were significantly increased during laparoscopic surgery that associated with times of CO2 pneumoperitoneum. PaCO2 and P(ET)CO2 at 60 minutes after CO2 gas insufflation were increased from P(ET)CO2 control value 35.8+/-4.2 mmHg, P(ET)CO2 . control value 34.0+/-3.6 mmHg to P(ET)CO2 . 39.98.0 mmHg, P(ET)CO2 42.3+/-4.7 mmHg(p<0.05). PaCO2 and PO in group I were more increased compared with group II. PaCO and P(ET)CO2 in group I were increased from PaCO2 control value 35.9+/-4.8 mmHg, P(ET)CO2 control value 34.9+/-3.7 mmHg to PaCO2 45.7+/-2.5 mmHg, P(ET)CO2 48.0+/-3.6 mmHg(p<0.05), in group II from PaCO control value 35.7+/-3.2 mmHg, P(ET)CO2 control value 32.8+/-3.0 mmHg to PaCO2 38.4+/-8.3 mmHg, P(ET)CO2 40.4+/-3.2 mmHg(p<0.05). In conclusion, to minimize the risk of a carbon dioxide retension during laparoscopy especially under the Trendelenburg position, we recommend that ventilation should be adjusted to to the normal range of PaCO2 and P(ET)CO2.
Anesthesia, General ; Appendectomy ; Carbon Dioxide ; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic ; Head-Down Tilt ; Humans ; Insufflation ; Laparoscopy* ; Pneumoperitoneum* ; Reference Values ; Ventilation