Two cases with uretero-pelvic stricture of which the one was 15 year-old girl and the other was 10 month-old child, underwent pyelo-ureteroplasty by the technique of Foley YV plasty, was reported.
Adolescent ; Child ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Female ; Humans ; Infant

This study was performed to evaluate the effects on hearing of video tape manufacturing workers exposed to organic solvents. The experimental groups included solvents exposed group 51 and unexposed group 57 workers. All workers was examined air and bone conduction sensitivity by pure tone audiometer. The mean age of solvents exposed group was 34.1 and nonexposed group was 35.8. The mean duration of solvents exposed group was 7.3years. High frequency hearing loss prevalence of both groups was 23.5% in the group exposed to organic solvents and 17.5% in nonexposed group. There is no statistical significants in the prevalence of high frequency hearing loss. According to comparison of mean auditory threshold value by frequencies, on the air conduction test, right was statistically significant in the 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000Hz, except 8000Hz. Left 250, 500, 1000Hz was statistically significant. On the bone conduction test, left250, both 500, 1000, 2000, 4000Hz, except right 250Hz, was statistically significant difference. Generally, auditory sensitivity threshold of the exposed group was higher than the nonexposed group.
Auditory Threshold ; Bone Conduction ; Hearing Loss ; Hearing* ; Prevalence ; Solvents*

No abstract available.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Estrogens*

A few cases describing hepatotoxicity associated with administration of risperidone have been repo-rted. In most cases, the abnormal liver function was normalized without specific treatment. Therefore, it has not been strictly recommended for monitoring liver function during a treatment with risperidone. We experienced a case of risperidone-induced hepatotoxicity which was not normalized spontaneously in a patient with schizophrenia. The liver enzyme was elevated according to the administration of risperidone continuously, and normalized only after discontinuation of risperidone. Unlike previous reports, the patient had no history of liver disease and demonstrated abnormal liver function from the relatively earlier period of treatment. Therefore, we recommend that it is necessary to be cautious of monitoring liver function during administration of risperidone.
Humans ; Liver ; Liver Diseases ; Risperidone ; Schizophrenia

PURPOSE: Recent years have witness a dramatic increase in public awareness of the health risks associated with lead exposure-particularly concerning young children. The lead poisoning in children was considered a rarity, usually resulting from unique circumstances such as in appropriate use of lead-based body cosmetics or direct administration of lead-containing folk medicine or contaminated atmosphere. The increasing concern about children with lower levels of lead exposure has developed, but there are no data regarding the mean blood lead levels and the incidence of lead poisoning in Korean children. So, this study was conducted to measure the blood lead and ZPP(zinc protoporphyrin) levels of 125 children around Cheonan city. METHODS: 125 children around Cheonan city (from 1 month to 15 year-old, 68 males and 57 females) were studied. We analyzed the mean blood Zinc Protoporphyrin(ZPP) and lead values and excluded children with hematologic disorders in this study. RESULTS: 1) The mean blood lead level was 4.15 microgram/dl (95% CI: 3.82-4.488) and the mean ZPP level was 53.48 microgram/dl (95% CI: 48.44-58.52). Both were within normal range. 2) The mean blood lead level of 68 males was 4.23 microgram/dl and 4.06 microgram/dl in 57 females. The mean blood ZPP level was 49.88 microgram/dl in males and 57.77 microgram/dl in females. There was no significant difference in males and females. 3) There was no siginificant correlation between blood lead and ZPP concentration. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that the mean blood lead level of 125 children around Cheonan city was 4.15 microgram/dl. That was within normal range and the same values with United States. It is important that there must be a national counter plan and that pediatricians continue to pay attention to lead poisoning in children.
Adolescent ; Atmosphere ; Child* ; Chungcheongnam-do* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lead Poisoning ; Male ; Medicine, Traditional ; Reference Values ; United States ; Zinc

In recent years, it has been common to use bupivacaine for prolonged operation because of its long duration of action but, besides of this benefits, we always are cautious of using bupivacaine for its possible systemic, toxicity, such as convulsion, myocardial depression. We experienced a case of asthmatic attack right after injection of 0.5% bupivacaine 125 mg for BPB(brachial plexus block) in a 26 year old male patient with chronic renal failure for the revision of a-v fistula. With the administration of aminophylline and oxygen by mask the patient was anounced about delaying operation and the symptoms were gone. Next day with local infiltration of 2% lidocaine operation was done uneventfully.
Adult ; Aminophylline ; Bupivacaine ; Depression ; Fistula ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Lidocaine ; Male ; Masks ; Oxygen ; Seizures

PURPOSE: The incidence of obesity has increased in Korea recently. Obesity leads to higher risks of hypertension, hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance. It also leads to risks of respiratory complications. This study was performed to see the effects of obesity on children's pulmonary functions and on developed bronchospasm after exercise loading according to their obesity degrees. METHODS: 257 obese children and 150 non-obese children were enrolled. Obese children were divided into 3 groups by the obesity degrees. Pre- and post-exercise loading FEV1(forced expiratory volume at one second), FVC(forced vital capacity) and PEFR(peak expiratory flow rate) were checked in all subjects. The percent predicted values of each parameter was compared according to obesity degrees and the differences between pre-exercise and post-exercise values. RESULTS:The percent predicted value of FEV1, FVC decreased only in the severe obesity group compared with those in the control group. However percent predicted PEFR declined according to obesity degrees. The percent predicted value of FEV1, FVC and PEFR after exercise loading were much lower than those before exercise loading in all groups. CONCLUSION: As the degree of obesity was higher, the percent predicted value of pulmonary function was lower. And after exercise loading, as the degree of obesity was higher, the reduction of percent predicted value of pulmonary function was larger. Therefore the pulmonary function in obese children must be observed carefully. Further studies on the effects of pulmonary functions in obese children are necessary.
Bronchial Spasm ; Child* ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Insulin Resistance ; Korea ; Obesity* ; Obesity, Morbid ; Peak Expiratory Flow Rate

We investigated the association between the oxidative stress and the concentration of heavy metals in blood among welders. The study subjects were male manual CO2 welders(N=127) exposed to several heavy metals. The age distribution was from 20 to 63 (GM=33.7) and the geometric mean(GM) of work duration was 4.2 years. We analyze the level of blood lead, cadmium, managese and chromium which was related with the oxidative stress in the animal studies. Blood selenuim, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), plasma alpha-tocopheol and orythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) were analyzed as biological markers of the oxidative stress. The results of univariate analysis showed that the plasma MDA was significantly correlated with D-tocopherol (r=0.327) and blood selenium (r=0.313) concentration. But we could not find out any relationship between the erythrocyte SOD activities and those metal concentrations. Neither smoking nor alcohol consumption was related to the level of heavy metals and the oxidative stress biomarkers. As the results of multiple regression analysis with stepwise selection method, 1) the change of MDA level were dependant with the level of alpha-tocopherol and blood selenium concentration (R2=19.7), 2) the plasma alpha-tocopherol level was dependant with MDA and blood chromium concentration (R2=15.6), 3) in case of erythrocyte SOD activity, only the duration of work was significantly selected.
Age Distribution ; Alcohol Drinking ; alpha-Tocopherol* ; Animals ; Biological Markers ; Cadmium ; Chromium ; Erythrocytes* ; Humans ; Male ; Malondialdehyde* ; Metals, Heavy* ; Oxidative Stress ; Plasma* ; Selenium ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Superoxide Dismutase* ; Superoxides*

To evaluate geriatric anesthetic experiences, the clinical record of 970 cases out of total 13,324 anesthetic cases perfomed at Korea university Anam hospital from January 1991 to December 1992 were reviewed according to age, sex, department, operation site, preoperative physical status, preoperative chest X-ray findings, preoperative electmcardiography readings, preoperative pulmonary function test, preoperative concurrent disease, type of anesthesia, duration of operation, intraoperative event, postoperative complication, and mortality. The result were as follows; 1) The number of the cases older than age 65 years was 970 accounting for 7.3% of 13,324 anesthetic cases from the year 1991 to 1992. 2) There were 566 (58.4%) males and 404 (41.6%) females. 3) There were 417 (43.0%) cases between the age of 65 and 69; 323 (33.3%) between the age of 70 and 74; 133 (13.7%) between the age of 75 and 79; 73 (7.6%) between the age of 80 and 84; 15 (1.5%) between the age of 85 and 89; 7 (0.7%) between the age of 90 and 94; 1 (0.1%) between the age of 95 and 100; 1 (0.1%) cases was 103 years of age. 4) In preoperative physical status according to the calssification of American Society of Anesthesiologist, 34 (3.5%) cases were class I, 471 (48.9%) class II, 465 (48.6%) class III, and 10 (1.0%) calss IV. 5) Emergency operation was performed in 107 (11.0%) cases. 6) There were 365 (37.6%) general surgery, 156 (16.1%) orthopedic surgery, 153 (15.8%) genitourinary surgery, 101 (10.4%) otolaryngologic surgery, 66 (6.8%) neurosurgery, 59 (6.1%) chest surgery, 40 (4.1%) gynecologic surgery, and etc. 7) The most frequent operation site was upper abdominal region in 242 cases (24.9%) and lower abdominal region in 184 (19,0%), upper and lower extremities in 165 (17.0%), head and neck in 126 (12.9%) and so on. 8) The findings of preoperative chest X-ray revealed that 502 (51.7%) cases were within normal limits. The most frequent abnormal finding was hypertensive heart changes in 128 (13.2 %). Another findings were arteriosclerotic changes in 72 (7.4%), inactive pulmonary tuberculosis in 37 (3.8%), emphysematous changes in 34 (3.5%), bronchiectasis in 19 (2.0%) and so on. 9) The preoperative electrocardiographic findings revealed that 452 (46.6%) cases were within normal limits. The abnormal findings were as follows ; left ventricular hypertrophy in 113 (11.6%), sinus bradycardia in 67 (6.9%), myocardial infarction in 45 (4.6%), myocardial ischemia in 32 (3.3%), and so on. 10) Preoperative pulmonary function test was performed in 702 (72.6%) cases. Two hundred sixity five cases (37.5%) showed abnormal results consisting of obstructive type in 34.7%, restrictive type in 24.9%, mixed type in 21.5%, and small air way disease in 18.9%. 11) Three hundred sixty one (37.3%) of the total cases had preoperative concurrent illness consisting of hypertension in 158 (16.3%), chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases in 66 (6.8%), myocardial infarction in 37 (3.8%), myocardial ischemia in 34 (3.5%), diabetes mellitus in 32 (3.3%), and so on. 12) The type of anesthesia used in these case were 678 (69.9%) general anesthesia, 96 (9.9%) spinal anesthesia, 84 (8.7%) combined anesthesia, 82 (8.4%) epidural anesthesia, and 30 (3.1%) brachial plexus block. 13) The duration of operation was 1~2 hours in 329 (33,9%) cases, 2~3 hours in 267 (27.5%), 3~4 hours in 126 (13.0%), and so on. 14) The most frequent intraoperative envent was hypertension in 155 (16.0%) cases. And hypotension in 72 (7.4%), premature ventricular contraction in 12 (1.2%), ohguria in 9 (0.9%), bradycardia in 8 (0.8%), myocardial ischemia in 8 (0.8%), myocardial ischemia in 7 (0.7%), and hyperglycemia in 7 (0.7%) were noted, 15) One hundred six cases (10.9%) were sent to intensive care unit for postoperative care. 16) The most frequent postoperative complication was hypertension in 154 (15.9%) cases. Hypotension in 21 (2.2%), myocardial ischemia in 13 (1.3%) and etc, were noted. 17) Overall mortality rate was 1.2%. The mortality rate was 0.2% in elective cases, and 9.3% in emergency ones.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Epidural ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthesia, Spinal ; Brachial Plexus ; Bradycardia ; Bronchiectasis ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Electrocardiography ; Emergencies ; Female ; Gynecologic Surgical Procedures ; Head ; Heart ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Hypertension ; Hypertrophy ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ; Hypotension ; Intensive Care Units ; Korea ; Lower Extremity ; Lung Diseases, Obstructive ; Male ; Mortality ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Neck ; Neurosurgery ; Orthopedics ; Postoperative Care ; Postoperative Complications ; Reading ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; Ventricular Premature Complexes

Extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma is a rare primary malignant soft tissue tumor that has the same pathological characteristics of skeletal Ewing's sarcoma. It is known that the differential diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma from undifferentiated rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma, reticulum cell sarcoma, and malignant lymphoma by the histologic studies only are not easy because their histologic findings are nearly similar each other. Therefore, immunohistochemical method, electron microscopic examination, cytogenetic study, or molecular gene study are used together to confirm the diagnosis. It chiefly involves the lower extremity, soft tissues of the paravertebral region, and adjacent chest wall. We recently experienced a case of extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma of duodenum in a 21-year old female. The patient underwent Whipple's operation and postoperative combined chemotherapy were done.
Cytogenetics ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drug Therapy ; Duodenum* ; Female ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; Neuroblastoma ; Rhabdomyosarcoma ; Sarcoma* ; Sarcoma, Ewing ; Thoracic Wall ; Young Adult