No abstract available.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections* ; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses*

We report two colorectal trauma patients whose rectosigmoid region was ruptured due to a jet of compressed air directed to their anus while they were playing practical jokes with their colleagues in their place of work. It was difficult to diagnose in one patient due to vague symptoms and signs and due to being stunned by a stroke of the compressed air. Both patients suffered from abdominal pain and distension, tension pneumoperitoneum and mild respiratory alkalosis. One patient was treated with primary two layer closure, and the other with primary two layer closure and sigmoid loop colostomy. Anorectal manometry and transanal ultrasonography checked 4 weeks after surgery, revealed normal anorectal function and anatomy. The postoperative courses were favorable without any wound infection or intraabdominal sepsis.
Accidents, Occupational ; Case Report ; Colon/*injuries/surgery ; Female ; Human ; Male ; Middle Age ; Play and Playthings ; Pneumoperitoneum/*complications/surgery ; Rectum/*injuries/surgery ; Rupture

Nausea and vomiting are common problems after strabismus surgery in pediatric patients. We compared the effects of droperidol and ephedrine with conventional regimen consisting of halothane-N2O to the effects of conventional regimen itself, 69 children. ASA physical status l, ages 1-12yrs, were studied. Each child was randomly assigned to receive droperidol 0.04mg/kg., ephedrine 0.5mg/kg or normal saline 2ml intramuscularly, 10 minutes before the end of surgery. The incidence of postanesthetic nausea and vomiting was 17% in the droperidol group(p<0.05)., 13% in the ephedrine group(p<0.05), which were significantly less than the control group(43%). But there was no significant difference between droperidol group and ephedrine group. We concluded that droperidol and ephedrine have significant postoperative antiemetic effect in patients undergoing strabismus surgery.
Antiemetics ; Child* ; Droperidol ; Ephedrine ; Humans ; Incidence ; Nausea ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting* ; Strabismus* ; Vomiting

The coronary vasospasm has usually been readily reversible by sublingual, intravenous or intracoronary nitroglycerin. Relief of spasm, either spontaneous or following nitrate therapy, results in reperfusion. Occurence of ventricular tachyarrhythmia during release of coronary spasm is attractive as a possible cause of sudden death because of significant proportion of sudden death victims do not have acute myocardial infarction. Recently, we experienced a 36 year old man who developed spontaneous coronary vasospasm, and the patients suffered from repetitive reperfusion ventricular tachyarrhythmia, and died suddenly in spite of administration of isosorbide dinitrate, lidocaine and several trials of cardioversion and cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and we report.
Adult ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Coronary Vasospasm ; Death, Sudden* ; Electric Countershock ; Humans ; Isosorbide Dinitrate ; Lidocaine ; Myocardial Infarction ; Nitroglycerin ; Reperfusion* ; Spasm ; Tachycardia*

PURPOSE: This study was performed to characterize clinical features of benign convulsions with acute gastroenteritis(CwG) in infants. METHODS: We reviewed 83 consecutive seizures in 42 patients with CwG between January 1995 and December 2003. CwG was defined as convulsions having the following two characteristics : (a) seizures accompanied with symptoms of gastroenteritis without clinical signs of dehydration or electrolyte derangement; and (b) the body temperature remained less than 37.5 before and after the seizures. The clinical characteristics were compared between rotavirus positive and negative groups. RESULTS: Their ages ranged from 6 to 37 months(mean, 18.1 months). The average interval between the onset of astroenteritis and that of seizures was 56.4 hours. The seizure episodes ranged from one to seven times in cluster. Two or more seizures occurred in 23 patients(54.8%) within one episode of gastroenteritis. The seizure types constituted of generalized tonic-clonic(89.2%), generalized tonic(9.6%), or generalized clonic(1.2%). Only four of 42 patients showed abnormal electroencephalogram(EEG) findings, which reverted to normal during the follow-up period. All patients displayed normal psychomotor development without recurrent seizures, except two patients who had febrile seizures and a recurrence of CwG. Comparing the rotavirus positive group with the rotavirus negative group, the rotavirus positive group had more females, older patients and longer durations of seizure, significantly(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The prognosis of afebrile seizures following acute gastroenteritis was benign.
Body Temperature ; Dehydration ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastroenteritis* ; Humans ; Infant ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Rotavirus ; Seizures* ; Seizures, Febrile

BACKGROUND: Transtracheal jet ventilation (TTJV) has been used for 'Cannot Ventilate/Cannot Intubate' situation, lefe-saving situations, by simply introducing an IV catheter (angiocatheter) through the cricothyroid membrane. To decrease the occurrence of barotrauma caused by a continuous high pressure oxygen supply while applying TTJV, it would be ideal to have a TTJV system equipped with an inspiration time adjustable function which any currently commercially available TTJV does not have. METHODS: Recently, we made a prototype of an inspiration time adjustable TTJV and measured the corresponding injection volumes and peak inflation pressures according to the changes of oxygen supply pressure and inspiration time using catheters ranging from 14 to 20 G in a simulated human adult trachea-lung model. RESULTS: A 16 G angiocatheter provided 465 +/- 5 ml of injected volume with a peak inflation pressure of 25 cmH2O under a 50 psi oxygen supply at 1 second of inspiration, which would be adequate for an adult tidal volume. When a 14 G catheter was used under the same conditions as above, the injected volume was 1128 +/- 9 ml. All injected volumes were under 310 ml when 18 and 20 G angiocathers were used at variosus driving pressures (10 - 50 psi) and inspiration time (0.5, 0.75, and 1 s). CONCLUSIONS: An inspiration time adjustable TTJV can easily provide enough tidal volume to maintain oxygenation, and could be expected to prevent or reduce barotraumatic complications such as pneumothorax.
Adult* ; Barotrauma ; Catheters ; Humans* ; Inflation, Economic ; Membranes ; Oxygen ; Pneumothorax ; Tidal Volume ; Ventilation ; Ventilators, Mechanical*

Apert's syndrome(acrocephalosyndactyly) is a rare congenital anomaly that is characterized by the combination of premature fusion of multiple cranial sutures primarily involving the coronal suture and severe symmetrical syndactyly of fingers and toes. Some patients of this syndrome have various abnormalities of the central nervous system. We experienced a case of Apert's syndrome with craniofacial malformations, symmetric syndactyly, occipital encephalocele and hypogenesis of corpus callosum. She had a oxycephalic head with small sized anterior fontanelle, elongated forehead, hypertelorism, down-slanting palpebral fissures, flattened nose, cleft palate, low set ears and short neck. A 5x3 cm sized scalp-covered soft mass protruded in the occipital area through defect of the occipital bone. MRI showed hypogenesis of corpus callosum, occipital encephalocele, dilatation of the lateral and the third ventricles. She also had hands and feet with symmetric syndactyly involved skin and soft tissue but not bones.
Central Nervous System ; Cleft Palate ; Corpus Callosum* ; Cranial Fontanelles ; Cranial Sutures ; Dilatation ; Ear ; Encephalocele* ; Fingers ; Foot ; Forehead ; Hand ; Head ; Humans ; Hypertelorism ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neck ; Nose ; Occipital Bone ; Skin ; Sutures ; Syndactyly ; Third Ventricle ; Toes

The clinical review was done on 15 cases with the foreign body in the upper gastrointestinal tract who visited and underwent endoscopic removal of foreign body at department of lnternal Medicine of Chonnam University Hospital and Namkwang Hospital from June 1982 to August 1987. The results are as follows: 1) The age distribution varied from 32 yeara to 83 years of age, being most prevalent at 6th decade, The ratio between male and femaie was 4:1, more prevelant in male. 2} Among 15 eases, 8 cases were lodged in the esophagus and 7 cases in the stomach. The foreign bodies in the esophagus were meat, pressure-through package, food materials and bone in order of frequency and those in the stomach were bezoar, persimmon seed, brown seaweed, tooth brush and suture materials. 3) Cambined diseases of upper gastrointetinal passage disturbance were 1 case of esophageal cancer and 3 cases of gastric outlet obstruction caueed by duodenal ulcers and gastric malignancy. Other combined diseases were schizophrenia, chronic alcoholism, diabetes mellitus and gastrie polyp. 4) Complications by foreign body were retropharyngeal abscess and phlegmonous esophagitis with esophageal ulcer.
Age Distribution ; Alcoholism ; Bezoars ; Cellulitis ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diospyros ; Duodenal Ulcer ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; Esophagitis ; Esophagus ; Foreign Bodies* ; Gastric Outlet Obstruction ; Humans ; Jeollanam-do ; Male ; Meat ; Polyps ; Retropharyngeal Abscess ; Schizophrenia ; Seaweed ; Stomach ; Sutures ; Tooth ; Ulcer ; Upper Gastrointestinal Tract*

Tyrosinemia type 1 is an autosomal recessive inborn error of tyrosine metabolism that caused a mutation in the gene coding for the enzyme fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase(FAH). As a result, maleylacetoacetate(MAA) and fumarylacetoacetate(FAA) are formed. The accumulated FAA is converted into succinylacetone(SA) and succinylacetoacetate(SAA) which are excreted in urine. The first report with typical clinical and biochemical findings was presented by Sakai in 1957. Clinically, the disorder is characterized by progressive liver damage with liver failure, a high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and renal tubular dysfunction hypophosphataemic rickets. Some patients have porphyria-like episodes. Liver transplantation has been the ultimate treatment of tyrosinemia. However pharmacological therapy with 2-(2-nitro-4-trifluoromethylbenzoyl) -1,3-cyclohexanedione(NTBC) has offered a new therapeutic option in addition to dietary restriction of tyrosine and phenylalanine. We experienced a case of tyrosinemia type 1 with cytomegalovirus infection in a 4-month-old male who improved by dietary restriction of tyrosine and phenylalanine.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Clinical Coding ; Cytomegalovirus Infections* ; Cytomegalovirus* ; Humans ; Infant ; Liver ; Liver Failure ; Liver Transplantation ; Male ; Metabolism ; Phenylalanine ; Rickets ; Tyrosine ; Tyrosinemias*

In Korea, there are two descrite pollen seasons: a tree pollen season and a weed pollen season. In order to investigate the incidence of sensitization to the major pollens and to evaluate is clinical significance in respriatory allergic disease, skin prick tests were performed using 7 species of Korean pollen extracts (K-P extracts) and specific IgE was measured by the Phadebas radioallergosorbent test (RAST) in patients with positive skin prick tests. Of the 317 patients with respiratory allergic diseases 73 patients (23.0%) were skin prick test positive to one or more K-P extracts and the positive reactions to individual pollens were as follows: 14.2% (45/317) positive to sagebrush 10.4% to ragweed, 5.0% to grass, 4.1% to oak, 3.8% to alder, 1.9% to poplar; and 0% to pine. The 30-39yr old group manifested the highest skin test positivity 36.7%. There was no difference in the skin reactivity according to the patient's sex and the kinds of allergic disease. Also there was no relationship between birth season and skin test positivity. The agreement between the results of the skin prick test with K-P and commercially prepared Bencard's pollen extracts (B-P extracts) was good. There were good correlations between the strongly positive skin prick test and a posivite RAST and also between a netative skin prick test and a negative RAST. From this study, it can be concluded that overall sensitization rate of respiratory allergy patients to K-P exstracts was 23.0%, and that weed pollens such as sagebrush and ragweed were major pollens.
Female ; Human ; Korea ; Male ; Pollen/adverse effects* ; Radioallergosorbent Test ; Respiratory Hypersensitivity/diagnosis ; Respiratory Hypersensitivity/epidemiology* ; Skin Tests