This descriptive study measured the quality of life and the sexual satisfaction for ostomates as an attempt to give nurses basic data to improve life satisfaction of ostomates. The research design was a descriptive study and the data were obtained by Quality of Life questionnaire, and Sexual Satisfaction questionnaire. These data were collected from 21 ostomates undergoing treatment in four university hospitals and one hospital and 36 ostomates depending on one medical agency by direct obtaining method and mailing method from March. 3, to March 24,1997. Data analysis was cone by the SAS computer program and Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation Coefficient, and Cronbach-alpha were used. The results of this study were as follows : 1. The item mean score for quality of life for the ostomates was 3.03. For six subscales in the quality of life scale, the mean scores of subscales were in order of the highest 3.46 for family relationship, and the second scored subscales were economic life(2.84) and physical state(2.96). 2. The item mean score of sexual satisfaction for the ostomate was 2.86. 3. The result of analysis of relationship between quality of life and sexual satisfaction was significant(r=0.21, p=0.05). The relationship between sexual satisfaction and each subscale of quality of life were significant with the self-esteem (r=0.34, p=0.01), physical state(r=0.21, p=0.01). In conclusion, it was found that the quality of life and sexual satisfaction of ostomates were low. The quality of life and sexual satisfaction was correlated. Although chronic disease affect to quality of life and sexual satisfaction, an adequate nursing intervention will improve the life satisfaction.
Chronic Disease ; Family Relations ; Hospitals, University ; Nursing ; Postal Service ; Quality of Life* ; Research Design ; Statistics as Topic ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the difference of in the level of pain, depression, and quality of life by coping strategy in the chronic arthritis patients. METHOD: These data were collected by means of a self-reported questionnaire from 90 chronic arthritis patients undergoing treatment at a university hospital in Daegu city from June 10, 2000 to July 15, 2000. The instruments of study were coping strategy scale by Jeon(1985), pain scale by Lee and Song(1987), depression scale by Radloff(1977) and quality of life scale by Cho(1987). Data analysis was done by SPSS Win 10.0 program and Pearson correlation, t-test, Cronbach's-alpha were used. RESULT: The results of this study were as follows: 1. The item mean score of pain for chronic arthritis patient was 6.54. The item mean score of depression for chronic arthritis patient was 2.18. The item mean score of quality of life for chronic arthritis patient was 5.69. 2. The chronic arthritis patients with problem-focused coping experienced pain higher than those with emotion-focused coping(t=o.400, p=o.o45). The chronic arthritis patients with emotion-focused coping experienced depression higher than those with problem-focused coping(t=-2.564, p=0.012). The chronic arthritis patients with problem-focused coping experienced quality of life higher than emotion-focused coping(t=-1.682, p=0.046). CONCLUSION: In conclusion this study showed that any coping strategy can control the arthritis patient's problem. Therfore, The development of a coping strategy to reduce pain and depression and improve the quality of life in the chronic arthritis patient will be needed.
Arthritis* ; Daegu ; Depression* ; Humans ; Quality of Life* ; Statistics as Topic ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Systemic air embolism occurs when air enters the pulmonary venous system as a result of a positive gradient caused by low pulmonary venous pressure or increased airway pressure, or both. Systemic air embolism has been frequently reported after penetrating thoracic trauma and can induce life-threatening complications. In blunt thoracic trauma, systemic air embolism has been rarely diagnosed. Because air embolism associated with blunt trauma is more insidious, diagnosis is usually not appreciated unless special circumstances allow discovery of air in major vessels or coronary arteries, such as during emergency resuscitative thoracotomy. We report a case of systemic air embolism in an 18-month-old girl after accidental thoracic blunt trauma and review related literature.
Child* ; Coronary Vessels ; Diagnosis ; Embolism, Air* ; Emergencies ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Thoracotomy ; Venous Pressure

PURPOSE: We studied this study to see the effect of hearing music on response to pain during needling. We hypothesized that music would reduce pain in newborns. METHODS: Twenty term and near-term newborns were enrolled for the study. They were admitted to neonatal intensive care unit of Hanyang University Guri Hospital from May 1, 2011 to September 30, 2011. We evaluated pain response to needling, such as arterial puncture or heel prick, by using Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS; facial expression, crying, breathing patterns, arms, legs, state of arousal) and duration of crying through video recording. We started video recording when the newborns were stable with 0 score of NIPS, and continued for 3 minutes after needling. Each newborn took video-recordings in 2 separate periods. One was done with hearing music (Music group) and the other without music (Control group). Two observers reviewed the videotapes and gave final scores in agreement. T-test was done for comparisons of pain scale and duration of crying between music and control groups. RESULTS: Mean age and hospital days at test of the subjects were 6+/-5 days of life (1-16 days of life) and 3+/-2 days, respectively. Twenty-one of 40 needlings (52.5%) for blood sample were from radial arterial puncture and 19 (47.5%) from heel prick. The music group had lower NIPS score than the controls (5.6+/-1.1 vs 6.5+/-0.7, P=0.006). Among the NIPS parameters, the music group had lower scores in crying and arm (crying, 1.6+/-0.5 vs 1.9+/-0.3, P=0.028; arm, 0.3+/-0.5 vs 0.7+/-0.5, P=0.01) parameters. The remaining parameters such as facial expression, leg, breathing patterns and state of arousal, and duration of crying were not significantly different in 2 groups. CONCLUSION: c reduced pain response to needling in newborns. Music could be one of modalities to relieve pain during routine medical procedures in newborns.
Arm ; Arousal ; Crying ; Facial Expression ; Hearing* ; Heel ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Korea ; Leg ; Music* ; Punctures ; Respiration ; Video Recording ; Videotape Recording

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify nurses' image and its related factors to make nurses' image among academic and vocational high school teachers in Korea. METHOD: Study samples were composed of 470 teachers who were from 12 high schools in G and J city located in southwestern part of Korea. Data were collected from August 26 to October 4, 2002. The internal consistency of the total scale was Cronbach's = .940. RESULT: In order to make nurses' image, 76.4% of respondents were influenced by the experience of their hospitalization in visiting hospitals. The mean score of nurses' image in general was 3.19 0.55; in four subcategories, 3.46 0.60 for professional image, 3.28 0.69 for traditional image, 2.93 0.70 for social image, and 2.91 0.64 for vision of nursing career. The mean score of nurses' image in general was more positive significantly in the 50's age group (F=6.43, p= .002) and in male groups (t=2.92, p= .002). CONCLUSION: On the basis of these findings, nursing professionals need to improve their working conditions, aspiration in job, and autonomy of nurses in their practice fields, monitor the mass media and other publishing materials continuously, and share the appropriate information on nursing profession to the school teachers and the public.

PURPOSE: this study was intended to search the relationship between perception of the infant temperament in mother of infant at the age of 1~12 months and maternal confidence and satisfaction in performing maternal role, and to submit a basic data to establish a nursing intervention program which is helpful for determination of infant development and performing maternal role promotion by identify variables associated with infant temperament. METHOD: The subjects of this study were 300 mothers of infant at the age of 1~12 months who visited well baby clinic in 4 hospitals in Busan city and Kyoung-Nam province. Final analysis was performed in 293 cases. Seven cases was excluded in this study because of its inappropriate data collection. The data was collected from 1st July to 15th August 2002. The questionaries which were fill-up by mother were collected. Infant temperament was measured by using the tool of "what my baby is like"(WBL) which was developed by Priham et. al.(1994) and translated by Bang(1999). The scale of postpartum self evaluation which was developed by Lederman et al(1981) and translated by Lee(1992) was used for the confidence and satisfaction of maternal role. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS-PC for window, version 10.0: frequency, percentage, minimum, maximum, mean, SD, t-test, ANOVA, Post-hoc test(Scheffe's test), Pearson Correlation Coefficients. RESULT: The mean score of maternal perception of the infant temperament was 6.17 +/-1.04, and mother recognized her infant as positive. The mean score of confidence of maternal role was 2.89+/-.41 and this revealed in an average level. The mean score of satisfaction of maternal role was 3.29+/-.51 and this revealed in a higher level. There was a weak significant positive correlation between the score of maternal perception of infant temperament and confidence of maternal role(r=0.176, P= .003), but there was no significant correlation between satisfaction of maternal role(P > .05). It revealed the more maternal perception of the infant temperament as positive, the higher confidence of maternal role. There was a moderate significant positive correlation between confidence of maternal role and satisfaction of maternal role(r=0.410, P= .000). It revealed the more confidence of maternal role, the higher satisfaction of maternal role. The variables related with the score of maternal perception of infant temperament were the type of delivery (t=-2.600, P= .010), experience of learning baby care(t=2.382, P= .018), maternal perception on baby's health status(F=3.467, P= .033), maternal perception on her health status(F=3.467, P= .027), baby's age(F=3.080, P= .028). CONCLUSION: Our result showed the confidence of maternal role was increased as the maternal perception of infant temperament was positive, and conformed that the confidence of maternal role was also related with satisfaction of maternal role. Prenatal education, type of delivery, baby's age were also related with the maternal perception of infant temperament. So, nursing intervention program of developmental stage maybe necessary in order to help maternal perception of infant temperament as positive, and it will be increased the confidence of maternal role and satisfaction of performing maternal role which was considered as real indicate of achievement of maternal role.
Busan ; Child ; Child Development ; Data Collection ; Diagnostic Self Evaluation ; Humans ; Infant* ; Learning ; Mothers ; Nursing ; Postpartum Period ; Prenatal Education ; Temperament* ; Child Health

Uterine rupture is the important cause of life threatening to mother and fetus, in spite of progressed obstetrics. We must observe the patient carefully before labor, during labor and after delivery for the higher prediction of uterine rupture. We experienced a case of incomplete uterine rupture at 40 weeks of gestation weeks in a 37-year-old multigravida tried vaginal birth after cesarean delivery. So we present it with brief review of literatures.
Adult ; Fetus ; Humans ; Mothers ; Obstetrics ; Pregnancy ; Uterine Rupture* ; Vaginal Birth after Cesarean*

BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress contributes to vascular diseases in patients with diabetes. As the mechanism of development and progression of diabetic vascular complications is poorly understood, this study was aimed to assess the potential role of hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and to determine whether the oxidative stress is a major factor in hyperglycemia-induced migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). METHODS: We treated primary cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells for 72 hours with medium containing 5.5 mM D-glucose (normal glucose), 30 mM D-glucose (high glucose) or 5.5 mM D-glucose plus 24.5 mM mannitol (osmotic control). We measured the migration of VSMCs and superoxide production. Immunoblotting of PKC isozymes using phoshospecific antibodies was performed, and PKC activity was also measured. RESULTS: Migration of VSMCs incubated under high glucose condition were markedly increased compared to normal glucose condition. Treatment with diphenyleneiodonium (DPI, 10 micromol/L) and superoxide dismutase (SOD, 500 U/mL) significantly suppressed high glucose-induced migration of VSMCs. Superoxide production was significantly increased in high glucose condition and was markedly decreased after treatment with DPI and SOD. High glucose also markedly increased activity of PKC-delta isozyme. When VSMCs were treated with rottlerin or transfected with PKC-delta siRNA, nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) staining and NAD(P)H oxidase activity were significantly attenuated in the high glucose-treated VSMCs. Furthermore, inhibition of PKC-delta markedly decreased VSMC migration by high glucose. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that high glucose-induced VSMC migration is dependent upon activation of PKC-delta, which may responsible for elevated intracellular ROS production in VSMCs, and this is mediated by NAD(P)H oxidase.
Acetophenones ; Animals ; Antibodies ; Benzopyrans ; Diabetic Angiopathies ; Glucose ; Humans ; Immunoblotting ; Isoenzymes ; Mannitol ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; NADPH Oxidase ; Onium Compounds ; Oxidative Stress ; Oxygen ; Protein Kinase C ; Rats ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Superoxide Dismutase ; Superoxides ; Vascular Diseases

This study was performed in order to evaluate the usefulness of the crush cytologic features and differential diagnosis between meningiomas and schwannomas in the central nervous system. Deeply seated and unusually located meningiomas and schwannomas with equivocal or erroneous frozen section diagnosis can be correctly diagnosed cytologically in crush preparations. Twenty-four meningiomas and nine schwannomas were studied by frozen section and crush preparation technique. These tumors displayed distinctive cytologic features. In meningiomas, the tumor tissue fragments were easy to crush, and the tumor cells were arranged in small clusters, flat sheets, papilla-like, whorling pattern or singly. Individual tumor cells displayed round or oval nuclei with finely granular chromatin pattern and inconspicuous small nucleoli. Occasionally psammoma bodies, nuclear pseudoinclusion or nuclear grooves were found. In schwannomas, tissue fragments were hard in consistency and difficult to crush. The crushed tissue presented as thick, irregular fragments with sharp borders. The cells showed ill-defined cytoplasm and round, oval, cigar-shaped or curved nuclei. It is important to emphasize that the smear pattern under low-power view and cytologic features are helpful in discriminating between these two tumors.
Central Nervous System* ; Chromatin ; Cytoplasm ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential* ; Frozen Sections ; Meningioma* ; Neurilemmoma*

No abstract available.
Busulfan* ; Lung*