No abstract available.
Fetal Blood* ; Humans* ; Oxygen* ; Phagocytes*

BACKGROUND: In inducing anesthesia for burn patients, nondepolarizing muscle relaxant (NDMR) is usually used, because succinylcholine, a widely used muscle relaxant may cause hyperkalemia. It is well known that because burn patients show resistance to NDMR, a high dose of NDMR is needed for them. In this study, we wanted to know whether there is significant difference of the relaxation effect between 0.1 mg/Kg and 0.15 mg/Kg dose's of vecuronium, and between burn and unburn patients. METHODS: Subjects are 40 male patients having 1 or 2 ASA physical status (20 are burn patients and the other 20 are unburn patients). We divided them into 4 groups; 1) Group BI (burn patients, vecuronium 0.1 mg/Kg) 2) Group BII (burn Pts, vecuronium 0.15 mg/Kg) 3) Group UBI (unburn Pts, vecuronium 0.1 mg/Kg) 4) Group UBII (unburn Pts, vecuronium 0.15 mg/Kg). Average onset times (time from injection of vecuronium to zero first twitch height (T1)) were measured and intubating condition were scored on 0 to 4 scale. RESULTS: The onset time of vecuronium and distribution of intubation scores didn't show statistical differences among 4 groups. CONCLUSION: The onset time of vecuronium and intubating condition in burn patients dosen't show a difference from unburn patient.
Anesthesia ; Burns ; Burns, Electric* ; Humans ; Hyperkalemia ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal* ; Male ; Neuromuscular Blockade* ; Neuromuscular Monitoring ; Relaxation ; Succinylcholine ; Vecuronium Bromide*

PURPOSE: To report a case of primary peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS), of the eyelid. METHODS: A 48-year-old healthy male patient presented with a mass on the upper lid of 2 months in duration. The lesion was reddish, well-demarcated, oval shaped, and measured approximately 8 x 4 mm. The mass did not respond to incisional drainage and intra-lesional triamcinolone. An excisional biopsy for diagnosis was performed. RESULTS: On microscopic examination, a localized dense lymphocytic infiltration was observed in the subepithelial area, and cytologic atypia was observed under high power. On immunohistochemical examination, tumor cells were positive for CD3 but negative for CD20, CD30, CD56, k-light chain immunoglobulin, lambda-light chain immunoglobulin, and increased Ki-67 activity was noted. A histopathological diagnosis of PTCL-NOS was made. CONCLUSIONS: PTCL-NOS, which rarely occurs on the eyelids, commonly accompanies generalized lymphadenopathy and "B symptoms" such as fever and weight loss. Herein, the authors report a case of PTCL-NOS of the eyelid presenting as a rapidly growing solid mass in an otherwise healthy patient.
Biopsy ; Drainage ; Eyelids ; Fever ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Triamcinolone ; Weight Loss

The aim of this study was to determine whether losartan, an angiotensin II (Ang II) type 1 (AT1) receptor could influence the CA release from the isolated perfused model of the rat adrenal medulla. Losartan (5~50 micrometer) perfused into an adrenal vein for 90 min produced dose- and time-dependent inhibition of the CA secretory responses evoked by ACh (5.32 mM), high K+ (56 mM, a direct membrane depolarizer), DMPP (100 micrometer) and McN-A-343 (100 micrometer). Losartan failed to affect basal CA output. Furthermore, in adrenal glands loaded with losartan (15 micrometer) for 90 min, the CA secretory responses evoked by Bay-K-8644 (10 micrometer, an activator of L-type Ca2+ channels), cyclopiazonic acid (10 micrometer, an inhibitor of cytoplasmic Ca2+-ATPase), veratridine (100 micrometer, an activator of Na+ channels), and Ang II (100 nM) were markedly inhibited. However, at high concentrations (150~300 micrometer), losartan rather enhanced the CA secretion evoked by ACh. Collectively, these experimental results suggest that losartan at low concentrations inhibits the CA secretion evoked by cholinergic stimulation (both nicotininc and muscarinic receptors) as well as by membrane depolarization from the rat adrenal medulla, but at high concentration it rather inhibits ACh-evoked CA secretion. It seems that losartan has a dual action, acting as both agonist and antagonist to nicotinic receptors of the rat adrenal medulla, which might be dependent on the concentration. It is also thought that this inhibitory effect of losartan may be mediated by blocking the influx of both Na+ and Ca2+ into the rat adrenomedullary chromaffin cells as well as by inhibiting the Ca2+ release from the cytoplasmic calcium store, which is thought to be relevant to the AT1 receptor blockade, in addition to its enhancement of the CA release.
(4-(m-Chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium Chloride ; 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester ; Adrenal Glands ; Adrenal Medulla ; Angiotensin II ; Animals ; Calcium ; Chromaffin Cells ; Cytoplasm ; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide ; Indoles ; Losartan ; Membranes ; Rats ; Receptors, Nicotinic ; Veins ; Veratridine

Renal artery stenosis is a rare cause of acute pulmonary edema. So-called flash pulmonary edema is associated with bilateral renal artery stenosis or stenosis in a single functioning kidney. Flash pulmonary edema has been recognized as an absolute indication for vascular intervention. A 33-year old man was admitted with acute shortness of breath. Renal angiography showed occlusion of the right renal artery. He underwent a right renal artery bypass graft. However, after the renal artery bypass graft, episodes of pulmonary edema recurred. A renal angiography showed complete obstruction of the right renal artery and bypass graft. The left renal angiography showed an intact renal artery and decreased kidney size.
Adult ; Angiography ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Dyspnea ; Humans ; Kidney ; Pulmonary Edema* ; Renal Artery Obstruction* ; Renal Artery* ; Transplants*

BACKGROUND: Recently, the concept of health is being extended to physical, mental and social aspects, which leads people to pursue health positively behavior. But the evaluation of health condition shows a tendency to be biased to functional side. It means the absence of well being sensation that anyone feels like he has poor health. In this case, even if he is in physically good health, he is not rated as healthy. We analyzed the relationship between one's health state and the factors related with health perception including health behavior, mind and social environment. METHODS: For a month of May 1996, we surveyed those who visited for Periodic medical check-up at one general hospital in Seoul. The questionnaire consisted of the total of 25 items ; diet behavior, weight control, coffee, coke, tea, drug use of, smoking, drinking, exercise, leisure, safety belts use, jay walking, sleep, stress, personality, anxiety, depression, occupational satisfaction, relationships with family and friends. Five point scale is used as the answer of each question item with high point as good living behavior. Among 406 who had sincerely answered the questionnaire, we divided them into healthy and unhealthy group and compared with the point of each question item and with the laboratory data(obesity, blood pressure, hemoglobin, fasting blood sugar, cholesterol and ALT). RESULTS: Among 406, the number of those who perceived themselves to be healthy was 175(43.1%, healthy group) and the one of those who did not was 231(56.9%, unhealthy group), The difference between both groups was not significant in distribution of sex, age, academic career, income and religion. In laboratory data and living behavior they showed same results, also. But the points of unhealthy group were significantly lower than those of healthy group in coffee, coke, tee, drugs usage, exercise, leisure, stress, personality, anxiety, depression, occupational satisfaction and relationship with family and friends. So was the total point of all items of unhealthy group in comparison with that of health group. In the case of male, the points of unhealthy group were significantly lower in smoking, safety belt use, fay walking, sleeping as well as the above items. On the contrary, in the case of female, both groups were not significantly different all item except exercise and leisure. CONCLUSIONS: Health perception is influenced by psychosocial factors and living behavior more than by physical health. Therefore family physician must be concerned about patient's living behavior, mental and social problems and must make an effort to change their perception of health as well as physical improvement.
Anxiety ; Bias (Epidemiology) ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Pressure ; Cholesterol ; Coffee ; Coke ; Depression ; Diet ; Drinking ; Fasting ; Female ; Friends ; Health Behavior ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Leisure Activities ; Male ; Physicians, Family ; Psychology ; Sensation ; Seoul ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Social Environment ; Social Problems ; Tea ; Walking ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Background and Objectives: This retrospective study, conducted at a single tertiary medical center, aimed to investigate the correlation between the severity of allergic rhinitis (AR) based on subjective symptoms and the severity assessed through laboratory data. Methods: In total, 584 patients who were diagnosed with AR by a multiple-allergen simultaneous test were included. Patients were classified into four groups according to the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) classification guideline. The visual analog scale (VAS) score for overall discomfort and laboratory parameters, including the serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE) level and peripheral blood eosinophil count, were evaluated in all patients. An analysis was conducted to examine the differences in VAS scores and laboratory findings among the four groups. Additionally, the correlations between the laboratory findings and VAS score were analyzed. Results: The serum total IgE level and the percentage and count of peripheral blood eosinophils showed no significant differences among the groups. However, the VAS score for overall discomfort exhibited notable between-group differences. The average VAS score was 6.14 (95% confidence interval 5.94–6.34) in the overall group. The mean scores of each group showed a noticeable increasing trend from the mild intermittent group to the mild persistent, moderate to severe intermittent, and moderate to severe persistent groups (p<0.001), although there was no clear correlation between the increase in VAS scores and laboratory parameters. Conclusion Neither the symptom-based ARIA guideline nor the VAS score correlated with the AR laboratory test measurements. The current laboratory data alone may not be sufficient to reflect the severity of AR based on subjective symptoms.

Background: Big data reports related to diseases and health care for the Korean population have been published since the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) and the Health Insurance Review & Assessment (HIRA) Service provided limited open access to their databases. Here, we reviewed the structure, content, and means of using data from the National Health Insurance (NHI) system for the benefit of Korean researchers and presented the latest publication trends in Korean healthcare data procured from the NHI and HIRA databases. Methods: Since 2013, researchers have been able to obtain nationwide population-based studies using the NHI and HIRA databases of the insured. We searched publications using the NHI and the HIRA databases between 2013 and 2019 retrieved from PubMed. Results: The NHI and HIRA databases provide nationwide population-based data. The total number of publications from 2014 to 2019 using NHI and HIRA databases is 2,541 and 655, respectively. A total of 5,465 endocrinology-related studies were performed during 2014 to 2019. Conclusion The NHIS and HIRA databases have provided tools for guidelines to approach world-leading population-based epidemiology and disease research.

The ketogenic diet (KD) has been used to treat intractable childhood epilepsy. However, its mechanism of action remains unknown. In the present study, we examined the effects of KD on the expression of multiple constituents of the GABAergic system in the hippocampus through immunohistochemistry and northern blot analysis. From the results, we have shown that KD increased expression of GABA and decreased GABA transporter1 (GABATp) and GABA transaminase (GABA-T) mRNA levels in the hippocampus. These results suggest that the neuroinhibitory effect of KD may be mediated, at least in part, by the increment of GABAergic activity in the hippocampus. KD may increase the GABA levels in the synaptic space by limiting GABA reuptake and in the presynaptic nerve terminal by inhibiting GABA degradation.
4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase ; Animals ; Blotting, Northern ; Epilepsy ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid* ; Glutamate Dehydrogenase ; Hippocampus* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ketogenic Diet* ; Mice* ; RNA, Messenger

Background: Despite the various activities of the regional public hospitals, discussions are being made as to whether or not to continue due to the issue of financial deficit. Therefore, the main factors affecting the fiscal deficit were analyzed with 10-year data. Methods: This study is a panel analysis that analyzed the characteristics of 34 regional public hospitals and influencing factors on medical benefits for 10 years from 2010 to 2019. First, we analyze the determinants of medically vulnerable areas set by the government, analyze the trend of medical profit per 100 beds and medical profit rate from 2010 to 2019, and identify the factors that affect them. Results: Differences in medical profit per 100 beds and medical profit-to-medical profit rate were caused by market share representing regional characteristics, and both indicators improved as the number of outpatients increased. The important influencing variables are the number of doctors and nurses, and both indicators improve when there are specialists, but medical benefits decrease as the number of doctors increases when judged by the number of people per 100 beds. In addition, the number of nurses per 100 beds does not contribute to medical profit and has a negative effect on the medical profit ratio. Conclusion As only regional characteristics were taken into account for medically vulnerable areas, operational characteristics need to be considered. The greatest impact on the finances of local medical centers is the proper staffing of doctors and nurses, and their efficient arrangement is the most important factor in financial stability.