The ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine(OPLL) is newly recongnized clinical entity,although compression of the spinal cord by an OPLL was reported by key as early as in 1839 in Guy's HospitalReport. OPLL was noticeable in lateral tomography as an abnormal dense radiopacity along the posterior margins ofthe vertebral body. Authors retrospectively analysed the diagnostic values and findings of lateral tomography ofthe cervical spine in 11 cases at Kang Nam General Hospital Public Corporation during 1 yr from July 1984 to June1985. The results were as follows; 1. Among suspected 11 cases of OPLL, 9 cases were confiremd as OPLL on lateraltomogram. 2. Age range was 25 years old to 55 years old and more prevalent age was over 5th decades & male wasmore involved than female. 3. Frequent involvement was C2-C5 level and number of vertebral bodies involved was 3.6in average. 4. This ossification developed 4 modes, a continuous type 11%, segmental 33%, mixed type 33%,circumscribed type in 22%. 5. OPLL thickness were from 2mm to 4.5mm and spnal canal narrowing ratio were form 25%to 44% and there were norational relationships between clinical symptom and thicknness of OPLL. 6. On diagnosis ofOPLL, lateral tomography is accurate and recommendable screening study due to easy, noninvasive, indisipensable and less harmful technique, compared to those of myelography or computed tomography.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Myelography ; Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Cord ; Spine

A computer progrem which performs obstetric calculation on Clipper Language using the datas from ultrasonography was developed from personal computer. It was designed for fast assessment of fetal development, prediction of gestagional age, and weight from ultrasonographic measurements which included biparietal diameter, femur length, gestational sac, occipito-frontal diameter, abdominal diameter, and etc. The Obstetricel-Ultrasound data-Base Managemant System was tested for its performance. The Obstetrical-Ultrasound Data-Base Management System was very useful in patient management with its convenient data filing, easy retrieval of previous report, prompt but accurate estimation of fetal growth and skeletal anomaly and production of equation and growth curve for pregnant women.
Female ; Femur ; Fetal Development ; Gestational Sac ; Humans ; Microcomputers* ; Pregnant Women ; Ultrasonography*

CT is a highly accurate method of detecting and clarifying the narure of space-occupying lesions within theliver nd pancreatic disease. It was found to be a reliable, non invasive method for detecting the lesion. A normalrange of attenuation values were obtained from 71 CT examinations of the upper abdomen, that is liver, spleen,pancreas, aorta, before and after contrast enhancement in whom no radiologic or laboratory abnormality of theseorgans were detected from March to Sept. 1983. The results were as follows; 1. The age distribution was from 28years to 71 years. The sex ratio was 45 male to 26 female. 2. Mean Hounsfield Units (HU) in liver before contrastenhancement and after contrast enhancement liminute, 3 minutes, 5 minutes, 10 minutes were 56.1±3.85, 75.0±4.77,82.0±3.71, 84.3±2.76 and 88.2±3.95 HU respectively. 3. Mean Hounsfield Units in pancreas before contrastenhancement and after contrast enhancement 1 minute, 3 minutes, 5 minutes, 10 minutes were 43.0±4.30, 66.5±4.27,71.2±2.39, 74.4±3.00 and 79.2±2.(0 HU respectively. 4. Mean Hounsfield Units in spleen before contrastenhancement and after contrast enhancement 1 minute, 3 minutes, 5 minutes 10 minutes were 53.0±4.31, 71.4±2.84,75.3±2.70, 80.5±3.04 and 83.2±2.14 HU respectively. 5. Mean Housfield Units in aorta before contrastenhancement and after contrast enhancement 1 minute, 3 minutes, 5 minutes 10 minutes were 45.1±5.39, 86.7±6.86,92.5±5.33, 106.8±4.12 and 114.1±5.02 HU respectively. 6. The most significant finding was that the livernormaly had the highest attenuation values of any of the organs measured. When another viscera in upper abdomenhad a attenuation value greater than that of the liver, this reflected abnormal lesions.
Abdomen ; Age Distribution ; Aorta ; Female ; Humans ; Liver ; Male ; Methods ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Diseases ; Sex Ratio ; Spleen ; Viscera

Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia is a rare diasease characterized by chronic infiltration of the lung with ~eosinophils, usually associated with peripheral eosinophilia. In 65% of cases, the chest rad Ogroaph shows typiical nonsegmental air-space consolidation confined to the outer third of the lung and in 25)/0 of case "photographic negative of pulmonary edema". Typical lung manifestations with 'peripheral eosinophiliSa' tahrcharacteristic of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia. In the remaining cases, radiographic findings are nonspecific and require lung biopsy for confirmation. We repot a case of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia in which chest radiograph and CT scans revealed bilateral patchy or diffuse opacity with nodules scattered throughout the lungs.
Biopsy ; Eosinophilia ; Eosinophils* ; Lung ; Pulmonary Eosinophilia* ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Thorax ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

PURPOSE: Surgical sponges retained after laparotomy can cause serious problem if they were not be identified in early state. In these circumstances, abdominal CT yields the accurate diagnostic images. The purpose of this report is to present highly indicative findings permitting correct preoperative diagnosis of the gossypiboma. we experienced three cases in which CT showed the images sufficiently characteristic to suggest the correct preoperative diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated retrospectively the radiological images of gossypiboma confirmed by operation. Three patients were admitted due to palpable masses. Two female patients had mdical histories of cesarean sections and a male patient had been operated due to malignant fibrous histiocytoma, previously. RESULTS: Abdominal CT scan of one case revealed huge ovoid hypodense mass with enhanced peripheral rim. Calcific spots and whirl-like stripes were noted within the lesion. Towel was found in pathologic specimen. CT images of two patients showed well-encapsulated, mixed fluid and soft tissue density mass with several gas bubbles. Surgical sponges were found within abscesses. CONCLUSION: The authors conclude that these characteristic CT findings and careful histories of surgery are very useful for correct pre-operative diagnosis and permit the guideline for the optimal plan of the surgical treatment.
Abscess ; Cesarean Section ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous ; Humans ; Laparotomy ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgical Sponges ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND: Nitric Oxide (NO) has been discovered to be an important endothelium-derived relaxing factor. The exogenous inhaled NO may diffuse from the alveoli to pulmonary vascular smooth muscle and produce pulmonary vasodilation, but any NO that diffuses into blood will be inactivated before it can produce systemic effects. To examine the effects of NO on pulmonary and systemic hemodynamics, NO was inhaled by experimental dogs in an attempt to reduce the increase in pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) induced by hypoxia in dogs. METHODS: Eight mongrel dogs were studied while inhaling 1)50% O2 (baseline), 2)12% O2 in N2 (hypoxia), 3)followed by the same hypoxic gas mixture of O2 and N2 containing 20, 40 and 80 ppm of NO, respectively. RESULTS: Breathing at FIO2 0.12 nearly doubled the pulmonary vascular resistance from 173 56dyn sec cm-5 to 407 139dyn sec cm-5 and significantly increased the mean pulmonary artery pressure from 16 3mmHg to 22 4mmHg. After adding 20~80 ppm NO to the inspired gas while maintaining the FIO2 at 0.12, the mean pulmonary artery pressure decreased (p<0.05) to the level when breathing oxygen at FIO2 0.5 while the PaO2 and PaCO2 were unchanged. The pulmonary vascular resistance decreased significantly and the right ventricular stroke work index returned to a level similar to breathing at FIO2 0.5 by addition of NO into the breathing circuit. Pulmonary hypertension resumed within 3~5 minutes of ceasing NO inhalation. In none of our studies did inhaling NO produce systemic hypotension and elevate methemoglobin levels. CONCLUSIONS: Inhalation of 20~80 ppm NO selectively induced pulmonary vasodilation and reversed hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction without causing systemic vasodilation and bronchodilation. Methemoglobin and NO2 were within normal limit during the study.
Animals ; Anoxia ; Dogs ; Endothelium-Dependent Relaxing Factors ; Hemodynamics* ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; Hypotension ; Inhalation* ; Methemoglobin ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; Nitric Oxide* ; Oxygen ; Pulmonary Artery ; Respiration ; Stroke ; Vascular Resistance ; Vasoconstriction* ; Vasodilation

No abstract available.
Cisterna Magna*

Intussusception is rare in adult and usually caused by organic lesions, although there is a singnificant numbeof so-called idiopathic cases. The diagnosis of intussusception have been made by pali abdomen, barium enema andsmall bowel series. But recently ultrasound and CT make a contribution to diagnose intussusception. CT is not theprimary means for evaluation a gastrointestinal tract abnormality but also provides yaluable informations inevaluating disorders affecting the hollow viscera of the alimentary tract. CT image of intussusception demonstratea whirl like pattern of bowel loops separated by fatty stripe correlating to the intestinal walls. Abdominal ultrasonogram was used as the initial diagnostic test in 2 cases out of total 4 cases, with abdominal mass ofunknown cause. It revealed a typical pattern, composed of a round or oval mass with central dense echoes andperipheral poor echoes. We report 4 all cases of intussusception in adult who were performed by CT and/orultrasound. All cases were correlated with barium enema examination and/or surgical reports.
Abdomen ; Adult ; Barium ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Enema ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Intussusception ; Ultrasonography ; Viscera

Microsatellites are short nucleotide repeat sequences present throughout the human genome. Alterations of microsatellites, comprising extra or missing copies of these se quences, have been termed microsatellite instability(MSI, genetic instability, replication errors, RER(+) phenotype). To date, at least four genes involved in DNA mismatch repair, hMSH2, hMLH1, hPMS1 and hPMS2, are thought to account for the observation of microsatellite instability in tumor from Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) patients. The genetic defect responsible for the MIN+ phenotype in sporadic colorectal cancer, however, has yet to be clearly delineated. The purpose of this study was to determine the presence of MSI in sporadic cancer and to correlate its occurrence with clinicopathological parameters, we have studied six microsatellite loci by use of polymerase chain reaction amplification and denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. We found that 20%(9 of 46 cases) sporadic colorectal cancers showed RER at two or several loci(RER+). Microsatellite instability was associated with location of the tumor in the proximal colon 66%(6 of 9 cases) and with poorly differentiated tumor phenotype 56%(5 of 9 cases). In order to better understand the role of somatic alterations within hMSH2 in the process of colorectal tumorigenesis, we examined the most conserved regions(codon 598~789) of this gene in nine patients with MIN spotadic colorectal cancer. 6 patient of RER(+) colorectal ca. patients had a polymorphism which was a T to C base change in the intron sequence at -6 position of the splice acceptor site at the 5'end of exon 13. This particular sequence variation is a polymorphism rather than a mutation which increase cancer susceptability. These data suggest that the genetic instability is detect ed in some colorectal cancers and play an important role in the pathogenesis of sporadic colorectal cancer.
Carcinogenesis ; Colon ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis ; DNA Mismatch Repair ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Exons ; Genome, Human ; Humans ; Introns ; Microsatellite Instability* ; Microsatellite Repeats* ; Phenotype ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA Splice Sites

This research objected to the diagnosed patients as acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, neuroblastoma, non- Hodgkins lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, kidney tumor, myelodysplastic syndrom and juvenile chronic leukemia after admission in the "P" hospital in Pusan from Aug. 1. 1999 to Jan. 31. 2000. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1. On the specific character between the experimental(exp.) group and the control (con.) group : there were 7 of 4-7 years old patients(the most) in the experimental group(53.8%), 5 of 12 years old or older patients in the control group (38.5%). Patients who experienced operation were 7 in the exp. group(53.8%) and 6 in con. group(46.2%). The largest number of the patients' diagnosis was acute lymphoblastic leukemia by 5 in the exp. group(38.5%) and 4 in the con. group (30.8%). The hardest nausea came on the second day by 5 in the exp. group(38.5%), 9 in the con. group(69.2%). 2. P-score of the nausea vomiting on the number of daily anticancer drug administration : first day, the exp. group got 9.6 and the con. group 17.6(P = 0.03). 2nd day, 10.9 and 19.4(P = 0.00), 3rd day, 10.6 and 18.3(P = 0.00), 4th day 10.0 and 18.0, 5th day 10.9 and 16.8(P = 0.05). The score showed statistically significant difference(P < .05). 3.Oral intake didn't show statistically significant difference between two groups. However the average of Oral intake of the exp. group was continually higher than the con. group except to the first day after administration. In conclusion, nursing intervention and nutrition care are much more needed on the 2-3th day after administration to reduce nausea vomiting, and for remission of nausea and enlarging oral intake it is utilizable to apply the easy, economic Oral Cryotherapy to the young patients who undergo chemotherapy.
Busan ; Child ; Cryotherapy* ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy* ; Hodgkin Disease ; Humans ; Kidney ; Leukemia ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Nausea* ; Neuroblastoma ; Nursing ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; Vomiting* ; Child Health