Generalized plane xanthoma is less common and usually involves the eyelids, lateral side of the neck, upper trunk, and extremities. Lesions, however, may appear on any portion of the body. Cutaneous xanthomas may occur in hyperlipidemic and in normolipidemic states. Generalized normolipidemic plane xanthoma is often associated with multiple myeloma, other reticulo-endothelial malignancies and monoclonal gammopathy with unknown significance(MGUS). We wish to report two eases of generalized plane xanthoma associated with IgG monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance.
Extremities ; Eyelids ; Immunoglobulin G ; Multiple Myeloma ; Neck ; Paraproteinemias* ; Xanthomatosis*

No abstract available.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Detection and prevention of cerebral ischemia are some of the most important aspects in the surgical manipulation of the carotid artery. During the last several decades, various methods including analog EEG had been tried, but none of them proved to be satisfactory. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A new intraoperative EEG monitoring technique with compressed spectral array (CSA) monitoring was applied. With brain protection, patient's EEG was continuously monitored before and after carotid clamping. RESULTS: Each case of carotid endarterectomy, rupture of carotid and innominate artery, and carotid artery resection with vein graft was successfully managed without any neurological complication during and after the surgery. Average carotid clamping time was 59 minutes. Neither carotid bypass nor shunt was used in any cases. CONCLUSION: EEG monitoring with CSA technique was easy to read, easily applicable in the operating room, convenient to compare data before and after the carotid clamping, and it showed data continuously for 9-18 minutes on a window. This technique was also very useful in emergency carotid surgery cases where no preoperative information about cerebral circulation were available.
Brachiocephalic Trunk ; Brain Ischemia ; Brain* ; Carotid Arteries* ; Constriction ; Electroencephalography ; Emergencies ; Endarterectomy, Carotid ; Operating Rooms ; Rupture ; Transplants ; Veins

The reports of all amniocentesis samples received in our cytogenetic laboratory from 1986 to 1998 were reviewed to identify cases in which culture failure of amniocytes occurred. Medical records were then reviewed for the prenatal ultrasonographic findings, karyotype when available, and clinical outcome. We investigated the clinical aspects associated with second trimester amniotic fluid cell culture failure. During the study period, 5,325 second trimester amniotic fluid samples were processed, of which 42(0.8%) failed to yield a result. Ninety-seven percent of the samples were obtained before 24 weeks' gestation, mainly because of advanced maternal age. Three percent of the samples were obtained after 24 weeks' gestation. Culture failure was more common in samples obtained after or at 24 weeks' gestation(11.8%) than in those obtained before 24 weeks(0.44%)(p<0.05, chi-square test). This difference was also observed when the results were analysed according to the cases with known normal or abnormal karyotypes, The frequency of culture failure did not differ significantly between the groups with normal and abnormal karyotypes. We conduded that amniotic fluid cell culture failure is more common in advanced pregnancy and is not associated with a higher incidence of chromosomal abnormalities.
Abnormal Karyotype ; Amniocentesis ; Amniotic Fluid ; Cell Culture Techniques* ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Cytogenetics ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Karyotype ; Maternal Age ; Medical Records ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second

No abstract available.
Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone* ; Injections, Subcutaneous* ; Ovulation* ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome*

A case of urachal adenocarcinoma is herein presented in a 53 year-old female. She complained intermittent total painless gross hematuria for one month and diagnosis was made by cystoscopy. TUR biopsy and ultrasonography. Partial cystectomy with removal of urachus and cystic mass was performed. A brief review of literature about urachal adeno carcinoma is made.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Biopsy ; Cystectomy ; Cystoscopy ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Ultrasonography ; Urachus

Early onset cerebellar ataxia with retained tendon reflexes is clinical syndrome characterized by progressive cerebelar ataxia of unknown etiology with an onset within the first two decades. This disorder was distinguished from Friedreich's ataxia by the preservation of the tendon reflexes. We have experienced a case of early onset cerebellar ataxia with retained tendon reflexes which was diagnosed by clinical features, eletrophysiologic studies, and MRI scan. This 8 year-old male patient had suffered from gait ataxia with delayed growth and development since 3 years of age. A brief review of the related literatures was also made.
Ataxia ; Cerebellar Ataxia ; Child ; Friedreich Ataxia ; Gait Ataxia ; Growth and Development ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Reflex, Stretch* ; Spinocerebellar Degenerations* ; Tendons*

Early onset cerebellar ataxia with retained tendon reflexes is clinical syndrome characterized by progressive cerebelar ataxia of unknown etiology with an onset within the first two decades. This disorder was distinguished from Friedreich's ataxia by the preservation of the tendon reflexes. We have experienced a case of early onset cerebellar ataxia with retained tendon reflexes which was diagnosed by clinical features, eletrophysiologic studies, and MRI scan. This 8 year-old male patient had suffered from gait ataxia with delayed growth and development since 3 years of age. A brief review of the related literatures was also made.
Ataxia ; Cerebellar Ataxia ; Child ; Friedreich Ataxia ; Gait Ataxia ; Growth and Development ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Reflex, Stretch* ; Spinocerebellar Degenerations* ; Tendons*

Direction changing positional nystagmus (DCPN) is defined as a nystagmus that changes its direction with different head and body positions. In the past, it was usually thought that DCPN was the sign of central vestibular system lesion. But recently, there have been some reports that DCPN definitely does not localize the site of lesion in the central vestibular pathway, and that it more often indicates a peripheral vestibular site. However, congenital vestibular dys- or hypoplasia was not reported as a cause of DCPN. Recently, we experienced a 17-year-old patient who had a vestibular dys- or hypoplasia and showed a transient geotrophic DCPN with a normal cochlea. We report that congenital vestibular dys- or hypoplasia can be one of the causes of DCPN and present its possible mechanism.
Adolescent ; Cochlea ; Head ; Humans ; Nystagmus, Physiologic*

No abstract available.
Phenytoin* ; Stevens-Johnson Syndrome*